Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
Researchers at the University of Rhode Island have discovered a biochemical mechanism that explains how protein tyrosine kinases, such as Src and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor families, sense and respond to oxidative stress signals. This understanding may help in designing targeted therapies for specific cancers.
The study discovered a mechanism that switches on genetic instability in cancer cells, leading to growth advantage and invasion. The researchers developed an assay to determine the efficiency of DNA repair mechanisms, which could lead to developing ways to switch off this mechanism.
Researchers have developed a promising new drug treatment, NO-Cbl, which has shown significant anti-tumor efficacy with limited toxicity in dogs with cancer. The treatment uses 'biological Trojan horse technology' to target cancer cells, and could potentially be used in combination regimes to enhance its effectiveness.
A nationwide research team has identified and mapped 55,000 gene enhancers, revealing their critical role in cell-type-specific gene expression. The study broadens our understanding of the human genome and its regulation.
Researchers found that cetuximab's success in treating non-small cell lung cancer depends on the production of a specific protein called u-PAR. Higher levels of u-PAR indicate reduced responsiveness to the treatment, suggesting it could be used as a biomarker.
Researchers found frankincense oil to discriminate between normal and cancerous bladder cells, kill cancer cells, and suppress growth by arresting cell cycle progression. The oil may represent an inexpensive alternative therapy for patients with bladder cancer.
Researchers have developed nanoscale probes that can pinpoint tumors and deliver drugs directly to cancer cells using antibodies and magnetic particles. These probes offer a promising approach for more precise cancer treatment, expanding the possibilities of MRI-based tracking and optical luminescence.
Researchers have identified a master protein that maintains epithelial cell normality and prevents cancer cells from metastasizing. The Epithelial Splicing Regulatory Protein (ESRP) plays a crucial role in regulating gene splicing, and its dysregulation can lead to cancer cell migration and tissue fibrosis.
Researchers tracked viscosity changes in live cancer cells using a new Photodynamic Therapy drug. The results show that increased stickiness contributes to cell death, but also slows down the treatment's effect.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine identified CD98hc protein as essential for B lymphocyte division and antibody secretion. The protein supports integrin signaling, which controls cell migration, survival, and proliferation.
Researchers at U-M Comprehensive Cancer Center identified a gene called ATDC that is overexpressed in 90% of pancreatic cancers, making cells resistant to chemotherapy. The study found that targeting this gene may make cancer cells more sensitive to existing therapies.
Researchers at VIB have identified a key gene that suppresses cancer across species, including humans. The Atonal gene regulates the final step of cell specialization, which is lost in cancer cells, offering new hope for therapy.
Researchers discover gene ATOH1 regulates cell specialization, preventing cancer formation in organisms. Reactivating the gene in human colon cancer cells halts tumor growth and induces cell death.
The study investigates the anti-apoptotic effects of Astragalus saponin extract on human peritoneal mesothelial cells during peritoneal gastric cancer metastasis. The results show that gastric cancer cell supernatant induces apoptosis in mesothelial cells, while Astragalus injection can partly suppress this effect and regulate the expr...
Researchers found that PPAR-gamma ligands can suppress stomach cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and arresting the G1 phase. The study also showed that these compounds may be useful for targeting therapy of gastric cancer.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have discovered how the Myc cancer-promoting gene uses microRNAs to control glutamine, a major energy source for cancer cells. This finding may lead to identifying new pathways to target for designing drugs with fewer side effects.
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed radioimmunotherapy to target and destroy HIV-infected cells. The treatment, which uses antibodies attached to radioactive payloads, shows promise in laboratory and animal studies, and is currently being tested in pre-clinical trials.
Researchers developed a new technique to detect early-stage pancreatic cancer by analyzing nanoscopic changes in cell biopsies. This method may help diagnose cancers earlier and treat them more effectively.
The study reveals that PHD2-blockers can convert abnormal endothelial layers into tightly aligned cells, allowing anti-cancer medicines to reach their destination more easily. This improves the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reduces cancer cell migration.
Researchers have identified a new biological marker, sarcosine, that indicates prostate cancer progression and spreading. Sarcosine levels increase in tumor cells and urine samples as the disease develops.
Researchers developed a new 3-D microscope to visualize cells, which could improve early cancer detection. The technique bridges the gap between research and clinical practices, allowing for more accurate diagnoses.
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition reveals that quercetin can help prevent colon cancer by reducing inflammation and promoting apoptosis. Quercetin is a natural compound found in many plant-based foods, including vegetables and fruit.
Researchers found that Snail1 promotes tissue invasion and angiogenesis in cancer cells by stimulating fibroblast function. Fibroblasts without Snail1 are less able to degrade the extracellular matrix and form invadopodia, key structures for cell invasion.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a protein called TCAB1, which is crucial for telomerase to repair the ends of chromosomes. This discovery may lead to new anti-cancer therapies by blocking the inappropriate expression of TCAB1 in human cancer cells.
Researchers developed an imaging method to analyze thousands of living cells and reveal how a chemotherapy drug affects each one. They identified two proteins, DDX5 and RFC1, that play a role in cancer cell survival and boosted the effectiveness of current drugs.
A study found that most gene switch sites occur on nearby regions, called CpG shores, not just isolated DNA islands in the human genome. This discovery has significant implications for understanding disease and developing new treatments against colon cancer.
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of TIGAR, an enzyme that helps regulate energy production in cells. The discovery may lead to earlier cancer detection or preventative treatments.
Scientists at A*STAR's IMCB have discovered a human protein called Bax-beta (Baxβ) that can induce cancer cell death. The protein is normally degraded by proteasomes in healthy cells, but its levels are elevated in cancer cells, leading to apoptosis.
Portuguese scientists identify Slimb molecule controlling centrosome number in cells, associated with disease and cancer. Understanding this mechanism offers new avenues for researching tumour development.
University of Michigan researchers have identified the protein Mre11 as a 'caretaker' that repairs DNA damage, in addition to its existing role as a 'gatekeeper' signaling injury. This discovery may lead to new cancer treatments by predicting tumor sensitivity to radiation and therapies.
Researchers identified a key role for the kinase Aurora A in stabilizing N-Myc, a primary driver of aggressive childhood cancer. The findings suggest that targeting Aurora A may not be effective in inhibiting cancer growth, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches.
Researchers developed a hybrid SPECT-CT camera to accurately distinguish cancerous cells from healthy tissue in regional lymph nodes. This technology enables earlier detection and individualized treatment of thyroid cancer.
Researchers have identified a gene mutation in SFTPA2 that is linked to an inherited form of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a lethal lung disease affecting older adults. The same mutation is also associated with lung cancer.
Researchers use atomic force microscopy to probe individual bonds between asbestos fibers and human cells, revealing potential triggers for cancer. The study aims to understand how asbestos interacts with cell surface receptors, which could aid in drug development efforts targeting mesothelioma and other asbestos-related illnesses.
Researchers at University of California, Berkeley discovered that blocking proteins coded by notorious gene MYC can stop ovarian cancer cell proliferation. By using RNA interference and small interfering RNA to silence L-Myc and N-Myc proteins, the scientists were able to shut down growth in non-amplified MYC tumors.
Cancer cells and nerve cells share a common way to survive by inhibiting apoptosis through glucose metabolism. This pathway allows both cells to evade death and proliferate uncontrollably in cancer cells but is essential for nerve cell survival.
A Cornell University researcher has developed a tiny, implantable device that captures and kills up to 30% of tumor cells in the bloodstream before they spread. The 'lint brush' uses naturally occurring proteins to attract and kill cancer cells without harming healthy cells.
A Phase I study combining Revlimid and Vidaza found the combination was well-tolerated and had high activity in treating higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The therapy resulted in a 39% complete response rate and 72% overall response rate among patients.
A Northwestern University team developed partial-wave spectroscopy (PWS) to detect subtle abnormal changes in human colon cancer cells. The technique can identify cell nanoarchitecture and detect changes before conventional microscopy can.
An analysis of a phase III clinical trial showed that VIDAZA can improve patient responses, achieving an overall response rate of 51% in higher-risk MDS patients. Continued treatment with VIDAZA led to better outcomes for almost half of responders.
A subset analysis of the AZA-001 trial demonstrated that Vidaza significantly improved overall survival in patients with WHO-defined acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared to conventional care regimens. The study also showed reduced infections, hospitalizations, and red blood cell transfusions.
Scientists identified a protein called Akt as the key to exploiting a vulnerability in cancer cells. By targeting this protein, researchers were able to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells.
Researchers found that cancer cells' chromatin packaging, including Polycomb group proteins, plays a crucial role in deactivating tumor suppressor genes. By disrupting this packaging, demethylating agents can restore gene expression and potentially lead to new cancer therapies.
A new study reveals that cellular senescence, a natural process for fighting cancer in younger persons, can actually promote cancer in older individuals by triggering the secretion of proteins that cause inflammation. This process is linked to almost every major disease associated with aging, including many cancers.
A new study found that senescent cells secrete proteins into their environment, causing inflammation and setting conditions for the development of age-related diseases, including cancer. The research provides a molecular description of how this process drives aging and age-related disease.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified distinctive genetic changes in cancer cells of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that cause relapse. The study found that the majority of ALL relapse cases arise from a cell already present at diagnosis, providing a potential target for treatments.
Researchers at the Rong Li Lab discovered that yeast cells can adapt to disruptions in cell division machinery by increasing their chromosome number and modifying gene expression patterns. This ability may contribute to cancer cell evasiveness and could be used to predict evolutionary paths and outcomes.
A team of researchers found that a tiny protein called alpha-catenin is essential for forming strong bonds between cells. Cancer cells with dysfunctional alpha-catenin can break free and spread the disease, but scientists may be able to develop therapies to repair or replace this protein and prevent cancer's progression.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified pancreatic progenitors that can form into insulin-producing cells after birth or injury, contradicting earlier studies. This finding offers new hope for treating and potentially curing diabetes through replacement therapy.
UT Southwestern researchers have developed a new strategy for broad-spectrum anti-viral drugs that targets a lipid molecule on infected cells, triggering the immune system to attack and destroy infected cells. The treatment, bavituximab, shows promise in treating viral diseases, including Lassa fever and cytomegalovirus.
Researchers have discovered that cells can turn on tumor-promoting growth circuits as a result of misreading damaged DNA without copying it. The results suggest that DNA damage, if it hits certain critical genes in a cell, could lead to transcriptional mutagenesis that spurs the cell to divide.
A new class of compounds, phosphaplatins, can effectively kill various types of cancer cells, including ovarian, testicular and head and neck cancer cells, with potentially fewer side effects than conventional drugs like cisplatin and carboplatin.
Research reveals vitamin D's role in regulating colon cancer cell behavior by modulating gene expression and cytoskeleton structure. The study highlights a previously unknown pathway governing vitamin D's diverse effects on cancer cells.
A study by Fox Chase Cancer Center researchers reveals that BubR1 protein plays a crucial role in chromosome distribution during mitosis. Mutating this protein may cause genetic shuffling similar to that seen in cancer cells, making it a potential target for cancer treatment enhancement.
A study found that pemetrexed-based treatment is more effective in patients with non-squamous histology than those with squamous histology, indicating improved survival benefits for some lung cancer patients.
A recent study by MIT biologists has found that DNA packaging plays a crucial role in directing stem cells towards becoming specific types of adult cells. The researchers discovered that chromatin structure, specifically the variant histone H2AZ, influences gene expression and cell fate.
Researchers identified a peptide sequence that acts like a drug to break apart the MLL molecular switch, potentially slowing or stopping abnormal white blood cell production. The discovery may lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects for some types of leukemia.
Scientists have discovered a way to silence a protein that helps leukemia cells survive by blocking its signals. The breakthrough could lead to more efficient treatments for the disease and potentially even reverse its effects.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute identified a trigger point on a naturally occurring death protein that helps the body get rid of unwanted or diseased cells. The newly found trigger may be exploited as a target for designer drugs that force malignant cells to commit suicide.
A new study found that self-induced DNA breaks in immune cells activate genes responsible for their migration and homing to fight invaders. This discovery sheds light on a rare genetic disorder, ataxia telangiectasia, and may have implications for cancer research.