Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
Scripps researchers have discovered the Nbs1 component of the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex, which helps cells repair severe DNA damage. The complex is critical in preventing cancer development and can also repair diseased cells targeted by chemotherapy.
Case Western Reserve University scientist Dave Wilson has developed a cryo-imaging system that enables the identification of single molecules, counting of cells in organs, and comparison of normal and abnormal tissues. The system produces incredibly detailed images showing the effectiveness of different drug therapies.
A new study has associated Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) with Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare and aggressive skin cancer. The study found that nearly all patients with Merkel cell carcinoma carried antibodies against MCPyV, suggesting a strong link between the virus and the disease.
A study published in the British Journal of Cancer found that 60% of prostate cancer cases lack aggressive protein Hsp-27, allowing for careful monitoring instead of treatment. The research could lead to a blood test to distinguish between aggressive and non-aggressive forms of prostate cancer.
The team found that the particles' interactions allow them to heat up better when exposed to an alternating magnetic field, destroying cancer cells without harming surrounding tissue. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatment methods and design of better nanoparticles.
Johns Hopkins researchers find two force-sensitive proteins, myosin II and cortexillin I, cooperate to sense cell shape disturbances and resculpt cells for smooth division. This discovery could lead to new targets for diagnosing and treating diseases like cancer.
Researchers at UCSB have developed a novel drug delivery system that uses nanoparticles and laser exposure to deliver siRNA into cancer cells, providing temporal and spatial control over gene expression. The technique has potential applications in delivering multiple drugs against diverse biological targets.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have identified a unique method to inhibit signaling enzymes called kinases using the small molecular inhibitor IPA-3. By targeting PAK1's regulatory domain, IPA-3 is highly selective and takes a more-or-less backdoor approach to shutting down cancer cells.
A Syracuse University research team discovered a second molecular switch within the Mixed Lineage Leukemia protein complex, which could be exploited to prevent abnormal cell production. The W-RAD switching mechanism signals cells to create multiple copies of cancer cells.
A small molecule called DAz-2 helps identify over 190 proteins involved in diverse biological processes affected by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The tool will aid in understanding chronic oxidative stress and its role in diseases.
A team of researchers from Mayo Clinic and Harvard Medical School found that the protein FOXO3a, previously believed to prevent cancer development, can actually fuel tumor growth in certain situations. This discovery sheds light on the complex roles proteins play in cancer progression.
University of Michigan scientists have identified a fundamental mechanism regulating immune T-cell activity, with implications for conditions like autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplants. The discovery reveals that regulatory T cells influence aggressive immune cells through redox chemistry.
Researchers found a way for healthy cells to take charge of cancerous cells by opening up communication channels, stopping them from developing into tumors. The chemicals, known as kinase inhibitors, appear to be relatively non-toxic and can persist even when withdrawn.
Scientists have found that the ends of mRNAs may play a role in preventing normal cells from becoming cancerous. In normal cells, long 3'UTRs regulate gene expression, but in cancer cells, these regulatory sequences are often lost, leading to overproduction of proteins and uncontrolled cell growth.
Researchers develop a new technique using light to control protein behavior in cells and animals, enabling precise manipulation of cellular activity. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding cancer spread and developing new treatments.
A single cell in a nematode worm is providing clues into cancer's ability to invade new tissues. Researchers found that integrin and netrin molecules may be a valuable target in halting cancer's spread via metastasis.
Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a new mechanism for regulating proteins involved in cell migration and division, which could lead to the development of targeted pharmaceutical treatments. This breakthrough offers hope for treating cancer by exploiting the unique properties of these proteins.
University of Illinois researchers found that thiazole antibiotics stabilize other cancer-causing proteins and inhibit the proteasome, a molecular complex degrading old proteins. This inhibition may lead to effective anti-cancer treatment through combination therapy with well-known proteasome inhibitors.
Scientists discovered that two cancer-promoting genes enable tumor cells to grow and survive under conditions where normal cells die. The KRAS and BRAF mutations allow cancer cells to thrive in environments with limited glucose, which may be used to develop new treatments.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute of Science have developed a program for biomolecular computers that enables logical thinking. The device can answer intricate queries involving multiple rules and facts, performing millions of calculations in parallel.
Recent studies at WCLC reveal that specific volatile organic compounds can help detect early stage lung cancer, while iloprost improves endobronchial dysplasia in former smokers. Researchers hope to develop a test examining exhaled breath for early detection of lung cancer using this information.
Studies presented at the WCLC confirm that targeted therapies have improved efficacy and prolonged progression-free survival time compared to chemotherapy. Patients with EGFR mutations who received gefitinib experienced longer progression-free survival and greater objective response rates, while erlotinib showed prolonged progression-f...
Researchers developed a 'Multiplex cell Contamination Test' to identify 37 different cell contaminations in a single run, detecting viruses and mycoplasmas with high sensitivity and specificity. The test has been tested in over 700 samples and found frequent contamination rates in some laboratories.
Researchers at NIST have developed a microfluidic palette to produce multiple, steady-state chemical gradients for studying complex biological mechanisms. The device uses diffusion instead of active mixing, allowing cells to remain in the microchamber without disruption.
Researchers created airway spheres using animal and human cells, providing a new model to study dynamic processes in lung diseases. The 3-D spheres lined with ciliary and secretory cells can be used to investigate mechanisms underlying cancer and chronic asthma.
Fox Chase researchers found that DLX5 promotes cancer by activating the expression of MYC, a potent factor in numerous cancers. The discovery suggests that DLX5 could be an ideal target for future anti-cancer drugs.
Dr. Kai Fu receives $300K Clinical Investigator Career Development Award for mantle cell lymphoma research, focusing on miR-17~92 expression and its correlation with patient survival. The funding aims to support a pre-clinical study to determine the effectiveness of suppressing miR-17~92 in improving chemotherapy outcomes.
Researchers used high-speed microscopy to observe NK cell behavior when interacting with healthy or diseased cells, discovering that the cell's surface receptors determine whether it kills or leaves a cell alone. Understanding this process could lead to new ways of boosting immune defenses to treat disease.
Researchers at Burnham Institute for Medical Research identified Caspase-8 as a key player in promoting cancer cell proliferation and migration. The study found that Caspase-8 activates the MAPK pathway through Src, leading to increased cell division and invasion.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells and their neighboring cells share similar structural abnormalities on the nanoscale level, validating the 'field effect.' This finding could lead to early detection of cancer through simple blood or tissue tests.
A new molecule finds and penetrates prostate cancer cells, allowing for targeted treatment and improved imaging. The targeting molecule has the potential to reduce toxic side effects and improve diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Researchers discover that a secondary viral infection can trigger the reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), leading to uncontrolled cell growth and potentially developing into cancer. Activation of specific toll-like receptors allows the virus to replicate, spreading throughout the body.
Researchers at Kansas State University have discovered a special breed of purple sweet potato with high levels of anthocyanins, which are linked to reduced cancer risk. The study found that the potato's antioxidants and phenolic compounds inhibit cancer cell growth.
A new study from Cornell University engineers tiny containers that deliver drugs with almost 100% efficiency to targeted cells. The technique mimics a natural immune response and could be used to treat cancer, blood disorders, and autoimmune diseases.
A novel adenoviral vector specifically targets the EphA2 receptor on pancreatic cancer cells, improving transduction by 10-fold in vitro. However, in vivo studies show limited targeting to human pancreatic cancer nodules upon injection into mice.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered that the Ras protein can be transferred from cancer cells into immune cells, strengthening the immune system and activating it against cancer. This discovery opens up new possibilities for creating cancer drugs targeting this specific threat.
Researchers at USC identified a key mechanism that causes chromosomal breakages in blood cells, leading to the development of human lymphoma. The RAG complex enzyme occasionally cuts chromosomes at off-target sites, causing cancerous cell proliferation.
A study analyzing the mutator hypothesis found that cancer cells' efficient pathways to cancer are often driven by genetic instability, supporting the hypothesis. This discovery has implications for cancer therapy, as it may enable cancer cells to rapidly evolve resistance.
Cancer cells have been found to rarely undergo explosive divisions, with resulting daughter cells often surviving only a few days. The extra centrosomes cause an unequal pull on some chromosomes, leading to chromosomal instability and irregular numbers of chromosomes.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center found that dysfunctional telomeres can trigger cancer mutations, even in the absence of shortening. The study used mice prone to develop cancer and found that deprotection alone is enough to trigger cancer.
Researchers at IRIC found that polo kinase tells chromosomes when to condense during cell division, linking it to several cancers. Inhibiting this mechanism could lead to effective therapies for treating cancer.
Researchers identified a way to boost cisplatin's effectiveness by targeting DNA repair proteins in cancer cells. Attenuating the function of RAD50 protein complex sensitizes human tumor cells to cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
A phase I trial found a two-drug combination of temsirolimus and bryostatin to be safe and active in patients with metastatic kidney cancer. The combination showed sustained responses in some patients, particularly those with rare forms of renal cell carcinoma that don't respond well to standard therapies.
Researchers found that cancer cells use many normal proteins to cope with stress and maintain their abnormal state. This discovery highlights the importance of stress management genes as potential therapeutic targets for treating tumors driven by Ras mutations.
Researchers have identified a host of genes that cancer cells depend on for survival, including serine/threonine kinase 33 and polo-like kinase 1. Targeting these kinases could potentially lead to effective treatments for various types of cancer.
Researchers have discovered that contractile rings constrict at a constant rate proportional to cell size, maintaining consistent cell division duration despite smaller cells. This property could lead to improved therapies for cancer by preventing uncontrolled cell division.
The concentration of Hedgehog determines whether the right hand thumb grows on the left hand side, a mechanism controlled by different concentrations of the molecule. The study found that cells use various molecular mechanisms to interpret different Hedgehog concentrations.
Two Agios founders have authored a Science review on cancer metabolism, summarizing the current state of the field and suggesting new targets for therapy. The review highlights key advancements in understanding how cancer cells adapt to use more nutrients than normal cells.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have developed an efficient system for delivering siRNA into primary cells, overcoming a major hurdle in RNAi-based cancer therapy. The PTD-DRBD fusion protein enables targeted gene silencing in various cell types without toxicity or immune responses.
Scientists at A*STAR's IMCB have discovered the protein WIP1 as a critical suppressor of severe inflammation, which could lead to septic shock and death. The research also found links between chronic inflammation and cancer development.
A large population-based study found that women who have been treated for abnormal cervical cell growth are at higher risk for a recurrence of the disease or invasive cervical cancer. The study's findings should help guide physicians in making recommendations about follow-up treatment guidelines.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified a snippet of RNA called miR-7 that helps maintain uniformity in individuals. The study found that miR-7 is critical to the molecular network regulating uniformity, which can help regulate cancer cells' behavior.
New research reveals that DNA repair enzyme TDG plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of cancer drug 5-Fluorouracil. By incorporating itself into DNA, 5FU creates an overload on the repair system, leading to cell death. This finding provides a new understanding of how 5FU kills cancer cells.
A team of researchers has discovered a missing trigger for calcium signaling in cells, which controls muscle contraction, nerve-cell transmission, insulin release, and other essential functions. The study found that two-pore channels (TPCs) cause the release of calcium when stimulated by NAADP, and are located in lysosomes and endosomes.
Professor Andrew Fry will present his latest research on understanding cell division and its role in human diseases, including cancer. His work aims to identify proteins that can target specific tumours while leaving other cells unharmed.
Researchers at Medical College of Wisconsin discovered that CXCL12 can prevent colorectal cancer cells from adhering to underlying proteins, leading to programmed cell death. The study suggests a potential mechanism for slowing cancer spread and improving patient prognosis.
The study found that thymoquinone from Nigella sativa inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines and NF-kappaB in pancreatic cancer cells, reducing tumor growth and inflammation. The herb has been used for centuries to treat various diseases, including immune disorders.
Acetylshikonin has been found to have potent anti-tumor effects on human gastric adenocarcinoma, with increased cell death and apoptosis observed in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The drug's mechanism involves the regulation of Bax and Bcl-2 levels, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine tracked how prostate cancer began in 33 men, finding a set of genetic defects in a single cell that differ for each person's cancer. The study suggests that common genetic patterns across metastatic sites indicate a single cell source.
A new study found that boosting miR-29b levels in acute myeloid leukemia cells reverses gene changes, enabling the cells to differentiate and mature. This process could lead to a drop in global DNA methylation and reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, offering a potential treatment for AML.