Suppressing cancer with a master control gene
Researchers discover gene ATOH1 regulates cell specialization, preventing cancer formation in organisms. Reactivating the gene in human colon cancer cells halts tumor growth and induces cell death.
Cancer Cells
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What is the suppressing effect of the PPAR-gamma ligands on stomach cancer cells?
Researchers found that PPAR-gamma ligands can suppress stomach cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and arresting the G1 phase. The study also showed that these compounds may be useful for targeting therapy of gastric cancer.
An adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent in gastric cancer therapy
The study investigates the anti-apoptotic effects of Astragalus saponin extract on human peritoneal mesothelial cells during peritoneal gastric cancer metastasis. The results show that gastric cancer cell supernatant induces apoptosis in mesothelial cells, while Astragalus injection can partly suppress this effect and regulate the expr...
What's feeding cancer cells?
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have discovered how the Myc cancer-promoting gene uses microRNAs to control glutamine, a major energy source for cancer cells. This finding may lead to identifying new pathways to target for designing drugs with fewer side effects.
Radioimmunotherapy: Promising treatment for HIV infection and viral cancers
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed radioimmunotherapy to target and destroy HIV-infected cells. The treatment, which uses antibodies attached to radioactive payloads, shows promise in laboratory and animal studies, and is currently being tested in pre-clinical trials.
Nanoscopic changes to pancreatic cells reveal cancer
Researchers developed a new technique to detect early-stage pancreatic cancer by analyzing nanoscopic changes in cell biopsies. This method may help diagnose cancers earlier and treat them more effectively.
New strategy to combat cancer: Streamlining blood vessel walls
The study reveals that PHD2-blockers can convert abnormal endothelial layers into tightly aligned cells, allowing anti-cancer medicines to reach their destination more easily. This improves the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reduces cancer cell migration.
Survey of metabolites finds new prostate cancer marker
Researchers have identified a new biological marker, sarcosine, that indicates prostate cancer progression and spreading. Sarcosine levels increase in tumor cells and urine samples as the disease develops.
Cancer diagnosis: Now in 3-D
Researchers developed a new 3-D microscope to visualize cells, which could improve early cancer detection. The technique bridges the gap between research and clinical practices, allowing for more accurate diagnoses.
Inflammation in colon may get doused before fueling cancer development
A study published in the Journal of Nutrition reveals that quercetin can help prevent colon cancer by reducing inflammation and promoting apoptosis. Quercetin is a natural compound found in many plant-based foods, including vegetables and fruit.
Fibroblasts invade at a snail's pace
Researchers found that Snail1 promotes tissue invasion and angiogenesis in cancer cells by stimulating fibroblast function. Fibroblasts without Snail1 are less able to degrade the extracellular matrix and form invadopodia, key structures for cell invasion.
Stanford scientists identify key component in cell replication
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a protein called TCAB1, which is crucial for telomerase to repair the ends of chromosomes. This discovery may lead to new anti-cancer therapies by blocking the inappropriate expression of TCAB1 in human cancer cells.
Weizmann Institute scientists discover how cancer cells survive a chemotherapy drug
Researchers developed an imaging method to analyze thousands of living cells and reveal how a chemotherapy drug affects each one. They identified two proteins, DDX5 and RFC1, that play a role in cancer cell survival and boosted the effectiveness of current drugs.
Gene switch sites found mainly on 'shores,' not just 'islands' of the human genome
A study found that most gene switch sites occur on nearby regions, called CpG shores, not just isolated DNA islands in the human genome. This discovery has significant implications for understanding disease and developing new treatments against colon cancer.
Key protein that may cause cancer cell death identified
Scientists at A*STAR's IMCB have discovered a human protein called Bax-beta (Baxβ) that can induce cancer cell death. The protein is normally degraded by proteasomes in healthy cells, but its levels are elevated in cancer cells, leading to apoptosis.
Brown researchers work out structure of TIGAR, a possible cancer flag
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of TIGAR, an enzyme that helps regulate energy production in cells. The discovery may lead to earlier cancer detection or preventative treatments.
How do cells count?
Portuguese scientists identify Slimb molecule controlling centrosome number in cells, associated with disease and cancer. Understanding this mechanism offers new avenues for researching tumour development.
Protein's essential role in repairing damaged cells revealed
University of Michigan researchers have identified the protein Mre11 as a 'caretaker' that repairs DNA damage, in addition to its existing role as a 'gatekeeper' signaling injury. This discovery may lead to new cancer treatments by predicting tumor sensitivity to radiation and therapies.
New insight into aggressive childhood cancer
Researchers identified a key role for the kinase Aurora A in stabilizing N-Myc, a primary driver of aggressive childhood cancer. The findings suggest that targeting Aurora A may not be effective in inhibiting cancer growth, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches.
Molecular imaging enables earlier, individualized treatment of thyroid cancer
Researchers developed a hybrid SPECT-CT camera to accurately distinguish cancerous cells from healthy tissue in regional lymph nodes. This technology enables earlier detection and individualized treatment of thyroid cancer.
UT Southwestern researchers identify gene linked to inherited form of fatal lung disease
Researchers have identified a gene mutation in SFTPA2 that is linked to an inherited form of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a lethal lung disease affecting older adults. The same mutation is also associated with lung cancer.
Scientists study how asbestos fibers trigger cancer in human cells
Researchers use atomic force microscopy to probe individual bonds between asbestos fibers and human cells, revealing potential triggers for cancer. The study aims to understand how asbestos interacts with cell surface receptors, which could aid in drug development efforts targeting mesothelioma and other asbestos-related illnesses.
Shared survival mechanism explains why 'good' nerve cells last and 'bad' cancer cells flourish
Cancer cells and nerve cells share a common way to survive by inhibiting apoptosis through glucose metabolism. This pathway allows both cells to evade death and proliferate uncontrollably in cancer cells but is essential for nerve cell survival.
Stopping ovarian cancer by blocking proteins coded by notorious gene
Researchers at University of California, Berkeley discovered that blocking proteins coded by notorious gene MYC can stop ovarian cancer cell proliferation. By using RNA interference and small interfering RNA to silence L-Myc and N-Myc proteins, the scientists were able to shut down growth in non-amplified MYC tumors.
Cornell researcher invents lethal 'lint brush' to capture and kill cancer cells in the bloodstream
A Cornell University researcher has developed a tiny, implantable device that captures and kills up to 30% of tumor cells in the bloodstream before they spread. The 'lint brush' uses naturally occurring proteins to attract and kill cancer cells without harming healthy cells.
Light shines for potential early cancer diagnosis technique
A Northwestern University team developed partial-wave spectroscopy (PWS) to detect subtle abnormal changes in human colon cancer cells. The technique can identify cell nanoarchitecture and detect changes before conventional microscopy can.
Study of revlimid and vidaza in higher-risk MDS is well-tolerated and has high activity
A Phase I study combining Revlimid and Vidaza found the combination was well-tolerated and had high activity in treating higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The therapy resulted in a 39% complete response rate and 72% overall response rate among patients.
Vidaza study reports unprecedented survival benefit in higher-risk MDS extends to AML patients
A subset analysis of the AZA-001 trial demonstrated that Vidaza significantly improved overall survival in patients with WHO-defined acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared to conventional care regimens. The study also showed reduced infections, hospitalizations, and red blood cell transfusions.
ASH presentation shows continued treatment with VIDAZA improves responses in higher-risk MDS
An analysis of a phase III clinical trial showed that VIDAZA can improve patient responses, achieving an overall response rate of 51% in higher-risk MDS patients. Continued treatment with VIDAZA led to better outcomes for almost half of responders.
An Achilles heel in cancer cells
Scientists identified a protein called Akt as the key to exploiting a vulnerability in cancer cells. By targeting this protein, researchers were able to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells.
Gene packaging tells story of cancer development
Researchers found that cancer cells' chromatin packaging, including Polycomb group proteins, plays a crucial role in deactivating tumor suppressor genes. By disrupting this packaging, demethylating agents can restore gene expression and potentially lead to new cancer therapies.
Cellular senescence a double-edged sword
A new study reveals that cellular senescence, a natural process for fighting cancer in younger persons, can actually promote cancer in older individuals by triggering the secretion of proteins that cause inflammation. This process is linked to almost every major disease associated with aging, including many cancers.
Escape cancer, but age sooner? The dark side of the tumor suppressing process
A new study found that senescent cells secrete proteins into their environment, causing inflammation and setting conditions for the development of age-related diseases, including cancer. The research provides a molecular description of how this process drives aging and age-related disease.
St. Jude identifies genomic causes of a certain type of leukemia relapse
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified distinctive genetic changes in cancer cells of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that cause relapse. The study found that the majority of ALL relapse cases arise from a cell already present at diagnosis, providing a potential target for treatments.
Rong Li Lab offers insight into adaptive ability of cells
Researchers at the Rong Li Lab discovered that yeast cells can adapt to disruptions in cell division machinery by increasing their chromosome number and modifying gene expression patterns. This ability may contribute to cancer cell evasiveness and could be used to predict evolutionary paths and outcomes.
Tiny protein provokes healthy bonding between cells
A team of researchers found that a tiny protein called alpha-catenin is essential for forming strong bonds between cells. Cancer cells with dysfunctional alpha-catenin can break free and spread the disease, but scientists may be able to develop therapies to repair or replace this protein and prevent cancer's progression.
Joslin researchers identify new source of insulin-producing cells
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified pancreatic progenitors that can form into insulin-producing cells after birth or injury, contradicting earlier studies. This finding offers new hope for treating and potentially curing diabetes through replacement therapy.
UT Southwestern researchers develop new strategy for broad spectrum anti-viral drugs
UT Southwestern researchers have developed a new strategy for broad-spectrum anti-viral drugs that targets a lipid molecule on infected cells, triggering the immune system to attack and destroy infected cells. The treatment, bavituximab, shows promise in treating viral diseases, including Lassa fever and cytomegalovirus.
Misreading of damaged DNA may spur tumor formation
Researchers have discovered that cells can turn on tumor-promoting growth circuits as a result of misreading damaged DNA without copying it. The results suggest that DNA damage, if it hits certain critical genes in a cell, could lead to transcriptional mutagenesis that spurs the cell to divide.
New platinum-phosphate compounds kill ovarian cancer cells
A new class of compounds, phosphaplatins, can effectively kill various types of cancer cells, including ovarian, testicular and head and neck cancer cells, with potentially fewer side effects than conventional drugs like cisplatin and carboplatin.
Breaking BubR1 mimics genetic shuffle seen in cancer cells
A study by Fox Chase Cancer Center researchers reveals that BubR1 protein plays a crucial role in chromosome distribution during mitosis. Mutating this protein may cause genetic shuffling similar to that seen in cancer cells, making it a potential target for cancer treatment enhancement.
Study helps clarify role of vitamin D in cancer therapy
Research reveals vitamin D's role in regulating colon cancer cell behavior by modulating gene expression and cytoskeleton structure. The study highlights a previously unknown pathway governing vitamin D's diverse effects on cancer cells.
Tissue analyses indicate survival benefits for some lung cancer patients
A study found that pemetrexed-based treatment is more effective in patients with non-squamous histology than those with squamous histology, indicating improved survival benefits for some lung cancer patients.
Untangling DNA regulation
A recent study by MIT biologists has found that DNA packaging plays a crucial role in directing stem cells towards becoming specific types of adult cells. The researchers discovered that chromatin structure, specifically the variant histone H2AZ, influences gene expression and cell fate.
Syracuse University researchers discover new way to attack some forms of leukemia
Researchers identified a peptide sequence that acts like a drug to break apart the MLL molecular switch, potentially slowing or stopping abnormal white blood cell production. The discovery may lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects for some types of leukemia.
Scientists unlock secret of death protein's activation
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute identified a trigger point on a naturally occurring death protein that helps the body get rid of unwanted or diseased cells. The newly found trigger may be exploited as a target for designer drugs that force malignant cells to commit suicide.
Silencing a protein could kill T-Cells, reverse leukemia
Scientists have discovered a way to silence a protein that helps leukemia cells survive by blocking its signals. The breakthrough could lead to more efficient treatments for the disease and potentially even reverse its effects.
Seemingly suicidal stunt is normal rite of passage for immune cells
A new study found that self-induced DNA breaks in immune cells activate genes responsible for their migration and homing to fight invaders. This discovery sheds light on a rare genetic disorder, ataxia telangiectasia, and may have implications for cancer research.
Burnham researchers turn cancer friend into cancer foe
Researchers at Burnham Institute have created a peptide that converts Bcl-2, a protein protecting cancer cells from programmed death, into a pro-apoptotic molecule. This breakthrough may lead to novel cancer therapies, as the peptide induces cell death in cancer cells.
Scientists identify a molecule that coordinates the movement of cells
Researchers discovered a molecule called ACF7 that helps regulate and power cell movement along the extracellular matrix. Without ACF7, cellular movement slows down, suggesting its importance in preventing cancer cell migration and metastasis.
Vitamin C supplements may reduce benefit from wide range of anti-cancer drugs
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center found that vitamin C supplements reduce the effectiveness of a wide range of anti-cancer drugs in laboratory cancer cells and mice. Vitamin C appears to protect mitochondria, which are essential for cell survival.
When cells go bad
Researchers found that when a single telomere is lost, it can cause many abnormalities in a cell's chromosomes, leading to cancer. A new treatment route for cancer may be possible by interfering with the process of adding new telomeres.
Existing anti-obesity drugs may be effective against flu, hepatitis and HIV
Researchers discovered that existing anti-obesity drugs can inhibit viral replication by targeting fatty acid metabolism. The study found a thousand-fold reduction in HCMV replication when using drugs like TOFA and C75. This approach may provide an exciting antiviral treatment option.
A promising anti-cancer compound
Researchers developed a secretory Apoptin fusion protein that induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells, offering new potential for cancer gene therapy. The study's findings suggest the therapeutic usage of Apoptin may be increased with its secretory characteristic.
How does ellagic acid exert anti-cancer effect on pancreatic cancer cells?
Researchers found that ellagic acid increases programmed cell death and decreases proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. The compound also reduces the activity of the pro-survival transcription factor NF-kB, which may help overcome resistance to radio and chemotherapies.
Is Bcl-2 protein a major obstacle in treating colorectal carcinoma?
Research finds that anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, such as Bcl-xL and Mcl-1, contribute to apoptosis resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Knockdown of these proteins sensitizes CRC cells to chemotherapy and targeted therapies, suggesting a potential new approach to improving treatment outcomes.
Bladder cancer detected via amplified gene in cells found in urine
A team of researchers at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has discovered a biomarker for bladder cancer using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests on urine samples, identifying all 23 cancer cases and correctly characterizing six of seven controls as not having bladder cancer.
Jefferson scientists deliver toxic genes to effectively kill pancreatic cancer cells
Researchers developed a 'suicide gene' delivery approach that successfully kills pancreatic cancer cells by over 95 percent, targeting only cancer cells with minimal harm to normal ones. This innovative strategy uses mesothelin DNA linked to diphtheria toxin, effectively hijacking cancer cell machinery.
New technology paves the way for the future of identifying proteins inside cells
Scientists have developed a new imaging technique that enables the identification of proteins in cells by analyzing their energy flow. This technique, known as coherent two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2DIR), has been successfully tested in laboratory experiments and holds promise for improving protein analysis and discovery.
Gastric cancer with 3 pathological features
A unique case of gastric cancer combined with adenocarcinoma, choriocarcinoma, and neuroendocrine cell carcinoma has been reported. The prognosis for this rare type of gastric cancer is poor, as seen in the case where the patient died due to hepatic failure.