Articles tagged with Cell Growth
Scientists discovered the switch that turns on the immune cell's abundant sugar and nutrient pipeline, then blocked it with an experimental compound, starving HIV to death. The approach also slows the proliferation of abnormal immune cells, reducing inflammation and potentially reducing organ damage.
Researchers have developed a new tool to study TORC2, a protein critical for cell growth and cancer development. By understanding its structure and function, scientists can identify potential inhibitors of this complex, which could lead to the development of new anti-cancer agents.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland have discovered a new way to treat diabetic retinopathy by blocking two growth proteins, VEGF and angiopoietin-like 4. This could prevent many cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, which is the most common cause of vision loss in working-age adults in the US.
Differences in tumor cell metabolism lead to more aggressive behavior in the center of a tumor. Mathematical modeling shows that cells with high glucose metabolism and acid production become invasive and cause tumor recurrence.
Researchers at Rockefeller University found that short stretches of genetic material called tRNA fragments can reduce the growth and spread of breast cancer cells. These fragments bind to a key player in the life cycle of cancer cells, known as an oncogene, reducing its ability to promote cell division and metastasis.
Researchers have found a possible treatment for diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), a lethal form of pediatric brain cancer. Panobinostat, an epigenetic drug, may slow DIPG growth and extend survival rates in patients.
A new study successfully grew stem cells with dead feeder cells, challenging the theory that feeder cells provide nutrients. The discovery suggests that stem cells may only like the topology of feeder cells, enabling a simpler approach to growth using nanomanufacturing techniques.
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute are working on a three-year NIH-funded study to analyze how mechanical forces and cellular growth factors affect human heart valve biology. The goal is to develop more natural and longer-lasting replacement valves.
Researchers at MIPT have successfully grown fully functional cardiac tissues from cardiomyocytes using a genetically modified spider silk substrate. The study, published in PLOS ONE, demonstrates the potential for regenerative medicine to overcome transplant rejection by finding suitable substrates for cell growth.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have revised the theory of how PTEN shuts off growth signals in cells. They found that PTEN proteins travel along microtubule highways to cytoplasmic vesicles containing green signals, which are then pinched off and turned back to red through a process called endocytosis
Researchers at UC Berkeley have identified a new target for cancer drugs in messenger RNA molecules, which carry unique tags that can be targeted to regulate translation. These tagged mRNAs play a key role in controlling cell growth and differentiation, making them potential targets for new anticancer therapies.
Researchers found that cancer drug epothilone reduces scar tissue and stimulates growth in damaged nerve cells, promoting neuronal regeneration. The study suggests a potential new treatment for spinal cord injuries.
Researchers at Princeton University may have found a key to understanding how cells assemble and grow to the right size. The nucleolus, a part of the cell responsible for making ribosomes, is shown to play a crucial role in regulating cell growth through phase transitions.
Researchers at Shanghai University developed a tri-layered artificial blood vessel composed of separate materials for mechanical strength and new cell growth. The composite allowed rapid proliferation and integration of rat fibroblast cells, overcoming limitations of existing vascular grafts.
The study of zebrafish at the European Zebrafish Resource Center has shown that signaling molecules are transmitted in bundles via long filopodia, influencing signaling properties and tissue development. This precise control enables cells to develop their special structure and function.
A team at UMass Amherst has developed an approach to make reversibly self-folding origami structures on small length scales. They use ultraviolet photolithographic patterning of photo-crosslinkable polymers to create complex structures that can be folded and redeployed.
A recent study by researchers at Michigan Medicine has uncovered a key gene involved in regulating TGF-beta receptor, explaining the paradox of cancer-promoting proteins. The identified gene, Bub1, was shown to bind to the TGF-beta receptor and promote aggressive cell growth.
A novel study has provided an answer to the long-standing question of how cells control their size and maintain stable distributions. Researchers found that cells follow a simple quantitative principle, adding constant size irrespective of birth size, to ensure stability of size distributions.
Researchers discover PHD3 controls EGFR uptake, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor proliferation. PHD3 loss is crucial for human malignant brain tumour growth under hypoxia.
Researchers discovered how immune cells consume oxygen and restrict bacterial growth in cystic fibrosis patients. This study provides new insights into bacterial behavior and growth in chronic infections.
Fruit fly research reveals that a transcription factor called Mirror regulates tumour-like growth in the intestines. A similar system may be at work in humans, suggesting a potential role for Irx transcription factors in cancer progression. This study could lead to new treatments using the fruit fly model.
Researchers at UC San Diego identified microRNA let-7 as a key player in managing cell survival and growth. The molecule controls autophagy through the amino acid sensing pathway, which has emerged as the most potent activator of mTORC1 complex activity.
Researchers at UTHealth discovered a potential treatment window for pseudoachondroplasia by creating genetically engineered mice with the human COMP gene mutation. They found that administering certain medications at age 2 could reduce damage to chondrocyte cells in the growth plate, offering new hope for this disorder.
Mayo Clinic researchers discover a strategy to significantly reduce the risk of tumor development using pretreatment with genotoxic etoposide. This approach establishes an adjunctive therapy to harness the clinical value of iPSC-derived cardiac regeneration, providing a promising breakthrough for heart disease treatment.
Researchers have discovered a protein called focal adhesion kinase (FAK) that plays a crucial role in ovarian cancer cell growth. A network of signals generated by osteopontin and FAK controls spheroid growth, making it a potential target for new therapies.
Researchers from Michigan Technological University have discovered a gene, 'Early Bud-Break 1,' that enables trees to start growing again after winter. The EBB1 gene helps awaken plant cells responsible for growth, allowing trees to grow at the right time, avoiding damage from late spring frosts and climate extremes.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University and Stanford University discovered the multi-layered nature of kidney growth using a rainbow mouse model. The WNT signal was found to be responsible for renal cellular growth, allowing for potential therapeutic applications in human kidney regeneration.
Researchers used microfluidic devices to trap bacterial cells and bathe them in different solutions, revealing that cell walls grow regardless of external pressures. The study's findings challenge the prevailing wisdom on osmotic shock, which may lead to new strategies for fighting bacterial diseases.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that cells can grow normally without a crucial component needed to duplicate their DNA. This discovery suggests that cells are more flexible in managing their DNA than previously thought.
Sophie Martin received the 2014 EMBO Gold Medal for her groundbreaking research on cellular polarity, which has renewed interest in mechanisms of cell size regulation. Her work revealed a potential mechanism by which microtubules direct actin cytoskeleton-driven cell growth.
A new mass spectrometry-based technique provides high-throughput analysis of proteins like IGF1 at a rate of over 1,000 human samples per day. The method accurately characterizes protein structure and variants, offering a detailed portrait of protein information not available through traditional ELISA tests.
Researchers at Uppsala University discovered a new type of cell communication that suppresses blood vessel formation and delays tumour growth. Fluctuating levels of the molecule NRP1 can inhibit VEGF signals, leading to delayed tumour growth and potentially complete inhibition if trans communication occurs early in tumour development.
A team of researchers found that some cells exhibit random monoallelic gene expression during development, which can affect protein production and potentially lead to diseases. The phenomenon is more common in mature cell types than stem cell precursors.
Researchers at NIST have developed a way to measure and classify the shapes cells take in different environments. By analyzing these shapes, they can compare and differentiate various scaffolds used in tissue engineering, enabling more effective cell growth and development into viable tissues.
Researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a hormone and receptor that control cell expansion in plants. This finding reveals the molecular mechanisms behind plant growth, which is crucial for developing new technologies to manipulate crops for food, fuel, fiber, and medicines.
Scientists have found that people carrying mutations in BRCA2 and PALB2 may be more susceptible to DNA damage caused by acetaldehyde, a byproduct of alcohol metabolism. This could accelerate cancer growth and increase disease risk.
Researchers have found that bisphenol A impairs the function of vital proteins in cells, suggesting a potential health risk. The study also discovered alternative compounds with promising applications in cancer treatment.
Cells lacking negative feedback loops become insensitive to growth stimuli, similar to cancerous cells. Researchers used automated imaging and mathematical analysis to show that mutant cells cannot detect growth factor levels.
Mayo Clinic researcher Abba Zubair is sending human stem cells into space to see if they grow more rapidly than on Earth. The experiment aims to expand the population of stem cells that can induce regeneration of neurons and blood vessels in patients who have suffered a hemorrhagic stroke.
Researchers found that retinoblastoma protein malfunction enables TGF-β to stimulate pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Abnormal pathways activated by TGF-β and Wnt7b can be disrupted with drugs, providing potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have successfully treated two babies in utero with mesenchymal stem cells, a type of connective tissue cell that can form and improve bone tissue. The treatment was administered to babies born with osteogenesis imperfecta, a rare congenital bone disease causing stunted growth and repeated fractures.
Researchers found that loss of RPL5 or RPL11 prevents cell cycle arrest but impairs proliferation due to reduced ribosome content and translation capacity. This discovery highlights a new mechanism for controlling cell growth, relying on the essential role of these ribosomal proteins in biogenesis.
Researchers at UCLA's Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research have identified a specific type of cell and related cell communication pathway crucial for healthy placenta growth. The findings may help clarify the causes of fetal growth restriction and other pregnancy complications.
Saint Louis University researcher Ratna Ray found that bitter melon extract reduces head and neck cancer cell growth in an animal model. The extract regulated several pathways to help reduce tumor growth, with significant results after four weeks of treatment.
Researchers discovered how plant cells orient microtubule arrays to bend towards a light source through the action of protein katanin. This process enables plants to grow in response to environmental cues, shedding light on fundamental mechanisms of cell architecture and growth.
Researchers at Université Laval have developed biomaterial-free biological wound dressings made from human skin grown in vitro. These dressings successfully treated venous ulcers in patients who had been chronically suffering from such wounds, with an average healing time of seven weeks.
Joslin researchers found T cells, not B cells, contribute to beta cell proliferation in type 1 diabetes. Immune cells secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that enhance beta cell growth.
A new study led by Oxford University researchers explains the dual natures of the 'Jekyll-and-Hyde' protein E2F, which can boost tumour cell growth and suppress it. The discovery provides a potent target for developing new cancer drugs, with compounds blocking E2F's change into 'Mr Hyde' resulting in cancer cell death
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that proteins delivering leucine to prostate cancer cells are therapeutic targets. Inhibition of these proteins inhibits nutrient signaling pathways and over 100 metastasis-related genes, leading to cell cycle inhibition and reduced tumor growth.
Researchers developed a high-throughput assay to track cell growth at low nutrient concentrations, revealing metabolic differences among cells of the same strain in the same environment. The study also found significant genetic variation in Sherpa populations' mitochondrial genomes, suggesting an adaptation for low oxygen environments.
Researchers found that ERBB3 expression was enhanced in luminal breast cancers compared to other subtypes. The addition of an ERBB3 antibody promoted cancer cell death and decreased tumor growth in vitro.
University of Illinois scientists have found that lifelong exposure to genistein, a bioactive component in soy foods, protects against colon cancer. The study suggests that a diet rich in soy genistein represses signals through epigenetic modifications, reducing the number of pre-cancerous lesions and abnormal cell growth.
Researchers have identified glycolysis as a key mechanism for endothelial cell energy production and blood vessel formation. Blocking glycolysis could prevent excessive angiogenesis in diseases like cancer, offering new therapeutic options.
A team of scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies has identified a critical pathway in cell cycle control that, when disrupted, leads to cancer cell proliferation. Shortened telomeres, which occur with cellular aging, activate a DNA damage response that arrests cell growth.
Researchers at UBC have discovered that methylation of a protein called Yap is critical for the function of the Hippo pathway. Loss of the Set7 enzyme resulted in cell growth and larger organs, suggesting potential for drugs to activate this pathway to stop cancer cell growth.
In early mammalian development, embryonic cells undergo a battle for survival between days 3 and 7. Cells with higher levels of Myc protein eliminate those with lower levels through an optimization mechanism. This study reveals that this process does not waste cellular resources but instead benefits the embryo.
The study reveals that noncoding 5S rRNA regulates the Hdm2-p53 checkpoint, allowing p53 to rise and induce cell death. This discovery suggests an ancient evolutionary link between ribosome biogenesis and cancer.
Researchers at UC San Diego identified apoA-I binding protein as a key player in regulating blood vessel growth by removing excess cholesterol from endothelial cells. This process inhibits angiogenesis and can help prevent tumor growth.
Researchers at the University of Montreal have discovered how rapamycin prevents cells from dividing, potentially slowing cancer progression and other diseases of abnormal growth. The study reveals that TOR sends a signal to shut down B cyclin production through an intermediary protein.
A recent study reveals that a protein in our cells, responsible for transporting vital substances, also enables bacterial cells to develop resistance to antibiotics. This mechanism is linked to the development of antibiotic resistance and cancer drug resistance, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies.