Articles tagged with Cell Growth
Researchers found a hidden polarity map within growing buds that directs cell growth, resulting in the unique shapes of rose petals and leaves. The system provides flexibility for organs to adapt to their environment and develop different functions.
Researchers discovered that Arabidopsis petals contain a hidden map that orients growth towards the edge, producing rounded shapes. This finding explains how different shapes are generated in plants and provides insights into evolutionary adaptability.
Biologist Luis Vidali will explore how components of a cell's internal anatomy organize themselves to grow in a single direction, critical for vital functions in animals, plants, and fungi. He will use genetic techniques, advanced microscopy, and computer simulations to compile a complete picture of the mechanisms involved.
Scientists at NIH and Pitt School of Medicine discovered a method to grow large numbers of stem cells by blocking CD47 membrane protein, increasing expression of four genes essential for iPS cell formation and allowing directed differentiation into various tissue types.
Researchers have identified a protein called E2F3 that activates the IGF2 gene in normal development and cancer, shedding light on the genetic underpinnings of common cancers. This discovery may help understand the complex genetic choreography responsible for normal growth and diseases.
Research reveals Six2 homeoprotein promotes detachment of breast cancer cells from tissues, enabling their survival through the bloodstream and colonization at distant sites. Higher Six2 expression in human breast cancer tissues is associated with aggressive metastasis.
Researchers at Drexel University have identified two key molecules involved in promoting nerve cell growth and branching after injury. By manipulating the expression of these molecules, they were able to induce longer and more branched axons, which is essential for restoring nerve function.
A new study by North Carolina State University and NOAA found that harmful algal blooms in the Gulf of Mexico become two to seven times more toxic when phosphorus levels are low. This increased toxicity allows the algae to defend themselves against grazing zooplankton, posing a threat to human health and ecosystem.
Researchers at Yale University identified a molecular mechanism by which the growth of new blood vessels and heart muscle are coordinated. Nitric oxide triggers the destruction of RGS4, allowing for physiological changes associated with the relaxation of blood vessels, while promoting cardiac growth.
A recent UEF study reveals that high cell sugar concentrations boost hyaluronan production, which can fuel cancer growth. Regulating hyaluronan levels may hold the key to preventing cancer progression.
A Johns Hopkins research team has identified a protein called HIF-1α that helps cells slow down their growth in response to low oxygen levels. This process can potentially be used to treat diseases such as cancer and other conditions where cell growth is uncontrolled.
A Melbourne-based research team has discovered a genetic defect that can halt cell growth and force cells into a death-evading survival state. The finding reveals an important mechanism controlling rapidly-dividing cells, which may lead to the development of new treatments for diseases including cancer.
Researchers from San Francisco State University found that nitrogen boosts the growth and toxicity of phytoplankton that produce a potent toxin called domoic acid. These diatoms can cause Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning in humans and death among marine mammals and seabirds.
A recent study by University of Texas Medical Branch researchers found that BPA substitute BPS disrupts cellular responses to estrogen, changing patterns of cell growth and death and hormone release. The study showed that low levels of BPS exposure can have similar effects as BPA, posing a concern for human health.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered AMPK's role in restricting cancer cell growth by regulating metabolism and preventing the use of sugar to fuel growth. AMPK, a tumour suppressor, can help control tumour development by targeting energy levels and promoting healthy cellular function.
Researchers at UT Austin create a novel process to grow ceramic thin films onto plastic substrates using microwaves, reducing growth temperature from over 450°C to under 150°C. The method enables controlled film growth in a single step, with potential applications in developing thin-film batteries and solar cells.
Compression reverses abnormal growth in breast cancer cells, restoring normal development. The study's findings suggest that mechanical forces play a crucial role in determining a cell's fate.
Researchers found that the development of hands and feet occurred through the gain of new DNA elements activating specific genes. This discovery helps understand the power of gene expression in shaping bodies and may shed light on genetic diseases associated with limb formation.
Researchers at the Institute of Molecular Biology found that deletion of just one gene, Gadd45g, results in complete sex reversal of male mice. The study uncovers a novel signaling cascade essential for initiating male sex organ development.
Researchers are using bioprinting to grow cells in 3D scaffolds that can be used to regenerate tissue, with the potential to treat diseases such as cavity wounds. However, limitations include cell survival rates and guaranteeing consistent quality.
Researchers have identified a cell growth pathway that is unusually active in pediatric brain tumors, known as gliomas. The study suggests that tools developed to diagnose and treat NF1 may also be helpful for sporadic brain tumors.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have discovered stem cells that play a crucial role in new blood vessel growth, offering new opportunities in treating cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other conditions. The discovery could lead to more effective treatments if these cells can be isolated and efficiently produced.
A new study tracked brain growth in human and chimpanzee fetuses, finding that human brains begin to show remarkable differences after 22 weeks of gestation. The findings suggest a faster rate of brain growth in humans compared to chimpanzees.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum use infrared spectroscopy and computer simulations to study the Ras protein's role in cell growth. They found that Ras accelerates the cleavage of GTP by putting a phosphate chain under tension, which slows down cell growth.
Researchers are studying how plants overcome stress as a key to growth and survival. They hope to gain insights into human stress relief through this study.
A new study by bioengineers at the University of California, San Diego, challenges the long-held paradigm that enzymes are highly efficient and specific in catalyzing chemical reactions. The researchers found that at least 37 percent of E. coli's enzymes catalyze multiple metabolic reactions in actively growing cells.
Researchers found that cells grown on different types of scaffolds vary in their ability to repair damaged blood vessels and suppress inflammation. Cells grown on porous surfaces tend to be more effective at repairing damage.
Researchers identified two oncogenes, FAM83A and B, that allow breast cancer cells to survive tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Increased expression of FAM83A enhances proliferation and invasion, while decreased expression delays tumor growth and renders cancer cells sensitive to TKIs.
Researchers at MIT and HMS have precisely measured the growth rates of single cells, revealing that mammalian cells divide when their growth rate hits a specific threshold. This breakthrough offers a possible explanation for how cells determine when to start dividing.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University have identified a key protein kinase, Hipk, that regulates the growth-promoting protein Yorkie, which is often found in human tumors. The study suggests that inhibiting Hipk activity may prevent tumor growth and cancer.
A 13-year-old boy underwent a groundbreaking stem cell trachea transplant in 2010, with the new organ strengthening over time and not inducing rejection. The child's successful recovery has sparked calls for further research to increase availability of transplanted tracheas.
Researchers discovered that Candida albicans can distinguish between healthy and unhealthy hosts by altering its physiology based on the levels of protein Efg1p. In immunocompromised patients, fungal cells with lower levels of this protein thrive, leading to serious infections.
Researchers used tiny artificial fiber scaffolds to help develop cartilage in laboratory and animal models. The use of nanofiber scaffolds improved tissue development and repair, producing more durable type 2 collagen, which is usually lacking in surgically repaired cartilage tissue.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered a cell-signaling molecule, interleukin-9, that inhibits melanoma growth in immune cells. High expression of this molecule in TH17 cells provides significant resistance to melanoma tumor growth.
Researchers identified a protein called LIF as crucial for the growth of female iPS cells, which contain two copies of the X-chromosome. This discovery offers new insights into how iPS cells form and could lead to improved human models for studying disease and testing new drugs.
Scientists have discovered that the controlled release of microRNA miR-675 slows down placental growth before birth, regulating a key factor in healthy pregnancy. This finding has important implications for understanding how environmental signals and diet may influence fetal development.
Researchers at UCLA have identified the genetic mutation responsible for IMAGe syndrome, a rare disorder that stunts infants' growth. The discovery could lead to new ways of blocking rapid cell division and offers a new tool for diagnosing children with IMAGe syndrome.
Research identifies CDKN1C gene mutation as cause of IMAGe syndrome, a rare developmental disorder affecting fetal growth and organ size. The study also reveals the gene's role in regulating cell growth and division, with implications for understanding tumour development.
Researchers discover mutation on same gene responsible for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, a disease characterized by rapid cell division and large size. The finding enables early diagnosis and treatment of IMAGe syndrome, a rare disorder stunting infants' growth.
A team of physicists and biologists discovered that protein Cdc42 oscillates throughout yeast cells, regulating shape and function. This oscillatory mechanism may be a general strategy among all self-organizing biological systems.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified a critical mechanism involving the TOR protein kinase and master gene regulator proteins SKN-1 and DAF-16, which can increase stress resistance and longevity in various species.
Researchers found glycolipids play a crucial role in controlling cell growth, with defects linked to neurofibromatosis and certain cancers. The study sheds light on the disease's mechanisms and potential drug development.
Researchers at Simon Fraser University found that cholesterol-binding proteins called ORPs can control cell growth, potentially slowing down cancer cells. Genetic changes blocked the ability of these proteins to bind cholesterol, but altered ORPs actually stimulated cell growth by activating regulator proteins.
Researchers found that phytochrome interacting factor 7 (PIF7) serves as key messenger between plant's cellular light sensors and production of auxins, hormones that stimulate stem growth. This discovery could lead to high-yield crops that gather light more efficiently and make better use of farmland.
Researchers found that carbon nanotubes significantly enhance plant cell division and growth by activating channels for water transport. The study demonstrates the potential to transform agricultural practices and improve industrial productivity.
Researchers found that adding RNAi to standard TKI or antibody therapy can enhance the effect of therapy on NSCLC cell death and slow cell growth. The treatment may benefit patients with EGFR mutations who do not respond to TKI, or those whose cancer is driven by overactive EGFR production.
The PCP genetic pathway has been found to act as a stop sign for cell growth, signaling organisms when to halt growth. Inhibition of this pathway results in excess growth of neural tissue, offering new potential strategies for regenerative medicine and birth defect treatment.
Researchers at Emory University identified a new function for p14 ARF, a gene that normally prevents cancer. The protein regulates tumor-induced angiogenesis, attracting new blood vessels to growing tumors. Restoring p14 ARF interferes with this process, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Biologists at the University of Rochester used a genetic tool from jewel wasps to find changes in cell regulator genes that affect wing growth. This discovery could help understand cell growth regulation and underlying causes of some diseases.
Researchers found that stressful conditions increase chromosomal instability in yeast, allowing cells to rapidly adapt and acquire diverse aneuploid chromosome numbers. This stress-induced genetic variation enables yeast cells to thrive in environments with harsh conditions.
Researchers discovered a new bacterial growth process that occurs at a single end or pole of the cell, which could lead to new antibacterial strategies. The study found that this polar growth process is broadly distributed among many different bacterial taxa.
A team of researchers has designed a microvascular stamp that uses living cells to deliver growth factors to damaged tissues in a defined pattern. After a week, the resulting network of new blood vessels mirrors the pattern of the stamp's channels, demonstrating controlled growth and spacing.
A study reveals that plant cells use sugar to control the size of plasmodesmata, regulating the passage of signaling molecules. This spatial and temporal control influences root formation during plant development.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute and MIT have developed a novel surface that enables tripling of human embryonic stem and induced pluripotent stem cell growth in culture. This breakthrough eliminates the need for mouse feeder cells, reducing contamination risks and increasing efficiency.
A team of researchers has elucidated the mechanics of the endocycle, a novel cell cycle that plays a crucial role in plant and animal growth. By studying genetic transcription factors and enzymes driving endocycling, the team discovered a molecular oscillator that controls cell growth rates.
University of North Carolina cardiologist Cam Patterson received the 2012 Judah Folkman Award in Vascular Biology. His groundbreaking work on angiogenesis and VEGF cell receptor signaling has led to basic research findings being translated into clinical trials for new cardiovascular therapies.
Researchers have discovered how cells detect and respond to tissue damage, a process triggered by the molecule syndecan-4. This understanding could lead to improved tissue repair treatments for patients following illness or surgery.
Researchers discovered that resveratrol blocks the growth of breast cancer cells by reducing estrogen receptor levels. This finding has significant implications for treating women with breast cancer whose tumors develop resistance to hormonal therapy. Resveratrol may serve as a potential tool to combat hormone-resistant breast cancer.
Researchers at Salk Institute have discovered how a hormone turns on molecular switches inside the pancreas, increasing insulin production. The finding raises the possibility of new designer drugs to help Americans with type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetic insulin resistance.
A multidisciplinary approach using laser technology has been successfully employed to fabricate tiny scaffolds for cell delivery and growth in damaged neural tissue. This study demonstrates the potential of direct laser writing in tissue engineering, enabling precise control over scaffold design and structure.