Articles tagged with Cell Growth
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
New research explains why mTOR inhibitors can't fully eliminate cancer cells. The drugs target a cell regulator called mTOR, which controls mitochondrial structure and function, ultimately protecting cells from death.
Sloan Siegrist, a UMass Amherst microbiologist, has received a five-year, $2.3 million NIH New Innovator Award to study Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth rates and develop new antibiotic therapies.
New research questions assumption that variability is key to population growth and survival. Variability in single-cell organisms can lower population growth rate in fixed environments.
Researchers discovered how TORC1 protein complexes regulate cell growth in response to sugar availability. In the absence of sugar, these complexes self-assemble into massive tubular structures that halt cell growth. The formation and disassembly of these tubules can be easily observed in living cells.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have successfully triggered clathrin-mediated endocytosis in lab cells using a chemical rapamycin. This breakthrough enables precise control over when and where vesicles form, allowing scientists to study timing and protein requirements with accuracy.
Researchers developed a microfluidic chip-based platform for analyzing live cells using fluorescence microscopy. The platform uses a CMOS image sensor and allows for fully automated systems, making it suitable for high-throughput applications.
Epithelial tumours can grow independently of their microenvironment, driven by a feedback amplification loop that activates the JNK stress signalling pathway. This internal mechanism triggers proliferation in non-proliferating cells, leading to chromosomal instability and loss of epithelial polarity.
Michael N. Hall's discovery of the TOR protein has led to a fundamental change in how cell growth is understood, providing critical information for developing anti-cancer drugs. The Lasker Award recognizes his pioneering research on cell growth regulation and its role in diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
Scientists have created genetically encoded fluorescent sensors to measure GTP levels in cells, which can help identify potential anti-cancer compounds. This breakthrough discovery may lead to new treatments for various diseases by regulating cell movement, growth, and differentiation.
Georgina Stooke-Vaughan is investigating the mechanical development of the eye in zebrafish using a novel fluid-based method. The study aims to understand how cells divide, move and position themselves to form the complex organ.
Researchers have found that bacteria can use mechanical cues to maintain their shape and recover from deformation. The study, published in Nature Microbiology, shows that Escherichia coli uses mechanical strain to grow its cell wall and recover its shape after being twisted out of shape.
Researchers discovered a communication system between the knee joint and developing bones in mice, which controls bone growth during early development and after injury. The study suggests that bone growth is controlled not only from within the bone itself but also by neighboring cells situated in nearby joints.
Researchers found that a receptor called Notch is crucial in the process of artery formation, directing sprouting cells into developing arteries. The study provides new insights into how vascular networks are established and may lead to identifying new therapeutic approaches to stimulate growth of new arteries after organ injury.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed an automated screening test to create all-chemical replacements for traditional stem cell growth materials. This innovation enables wider use of stem cells in regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and testing environmental chemicals for vascular toxicity.
A new study reveals that PABPC1 is absent in adult heart cells but reappears when needed for growth during exercise and disease, suggesting a mechanism to promote healthy heart growth and prevent disease.
Researchers have identified a crucial pathway in regulating cellular metabolism, which they believe could be targeted to control tumor growth. The study found that blocking this pathway reduced tumor growth in melanoma mice and holds promise for developing new cancer treatments.
Researchers at Rice University have created hydrogel strings using a compound found in mussels, allowing for controlled growth of cells on surfaces. The aligned fibers promote ordered cell growth, making it possible to direct cell growth from one location to another.
Researchers at KIT discovered how fungi grow by extending tubular cells, contrary to conventional cell division. The growth process is controlled by calcium concentration and involves the transport of construction materials on rails.
Researchers discovered Corynebacterium glutamicum can implement multifork mode of DNA replication, enhancing its growth rate. The discovery also revealed the bacterium's diploid condition confers advantages in repairing DNA damage and stress responses.
Researchers have identified BCAT1 as a key protein in aggressive leukemia cells that can produce branched-chain amino acids for cell growth. By blocking this protein, they were able to promote differentiation and make the disease less aggressive, suggesting BCAT1 as an ideal therapeutic target.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have uncovered a molecular mechanism that coordinates growth spurts in filamentous fungi. The team discovered that cellular calcium levels oscillate, triggering the assembly of actin chains that guide vesicles to the site of growth.
The Center for Excellence in Engineering Biology has awarded a $500,000 grant to Columbia University to develop human cells that can grow with reduced external nutrients, known as prototrophy. This pilot project is part of the Genome Project-write (GP-write) Grand Challenge, aiming to deepen an understanding of life and develop pragmat...
Researchers have observed a complex process in plant cell wall growth using nanoscale imaging. The findings suggest that microfibrils' movements under stretching regimes reveal a different pattern of motion than previously thought.
Researchers have discovered that altered immune cells activated by placental ischemia can exacerbate preeclampsia symptoms. However, deleting these cells in animal models of the condition reduces hypertension, inflammation, and fetal growth restriction.
Researchers from Hokkaido University conducted microgravity experiments on the International Space Station to measure ice crystal growth rates. They found that glycoproteins in fish blood facilitate growth, but also lead to a slowing effect when flat faces are truncated by slower-growing faces.
A team of physicists, biologists, and bioengineers from UC San Diego developed a new
A new technique combining machine learning and microfabrication enables researchers to study stem cell differentiation in a controlled environment. By using an agarose gel confinement system, scientists can maintain long-lasting spatial confinement for up to 15 days.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a novel technology using decellularized plant husks to create three-dimensional scaffolds for human stem cells. The scaffolds are made from cellulose and exhibit properties such as strength, rigidity, porosity, and surface area that are ideal for biomedical applications.
Researchers have identified a parallel pathway controlling organ size in fruit fly models, activating at a newly recognized cellular domain. The Hippo signaling pathway plays a critical role in regulating cell function and tissue growth.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that actinic keratosis management costs differ significantly across regions. The researchers discovered that understanding these geographic variations can help identify areas with excessive spending and potential for cost savings.
Researchers used live cell time-lapse imaging to investigate maize mutant growth, finding that delays in cell division can lead to growth defects when paired with improper division plane orientation. This study provides crucial details for understanding plant growth and may have long-term implications for developing short-stature maize...
A new study identifies a gene, DONSON, responsible for microcephalic dwarfism by revealing its crucial role in DNA replication. Cells with faulty DONSON genes struggle to replicate DNA correctly, leading to growth defects typical of the disorder.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have discovered how shoot stem cells form in plants, a process similar to animals. The transcription factor WOX2 regulates the balance between plant hormones cytokinin and auxin, allowing stem cells to maintain their unlimited potential for development.
A study found that premature birth can lead to poor muscle growth, affecting strength and function throughout life. Prenatal stress and malnutrition may contribute to this issue by exposing the fetus to high levels of cortisol, a hormone linked to muscle atrophy.
Scientists at Indiana University have discovered that fruit flies produce a molecule similar to cancer-causing compounds, offering a new model for studying this molecule. The study reveals the molecular mechanism behind the production of L-2HG in healthy and diseased cells.
Researchers have mapped how plant cells determine size and adjust growth to achieve homogeneous cell sizes over time. This breakthrough overturns previous theories in the field, providing insights into factors determining plant size and fruit production.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute have developed a gene pathway that enables the growth of brain organoids with surface folding, a key feature of human brain development. The study also shows potential for modeling Zika virus-caused microencephaly and identifying affected cells.
A Massachusetts General Hospital team has identified a key genetic pathway underlying metformin's ability to prevent and suppress cancer growth. By targeting the nuclear pore complex and enzyme ACAD10, metformin slows cell growth and extends lifespan in both human cells and the C.elegans roundworm.
A new project funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute aims to create tissue-engineered arteries that can be used for transplant surgery. The researchers are working on creating cells that can grow into arterial tissue, which could overcome current limitations of blood vessel transplantation.
A recent study found that injury in schistosome parasites triggers stem cell growth, which restores aging tissue and aids the parasite's long-term survival. This discovery could lead to new ways to target these worms and improve our understanding of their infection mechanisms.
Senescent cells drive the formation of fatty streaks in animal models of atherosclerosis. These lesions progress to larger plaques through the recruitment of immune cells, ultimately leading to unstable plaques prone to rupture. Eliminating senescent cells selectively can reduce plaque size and preserve cap integrity.
Researchers from NUS have unraveled the molecular story of FHL2 and its relocation to the nucleus in response to ECM stiffness, influencing protein synthesis and cell proliferation. This study provides new insights into the regulation of cell growth in soft environments.
Scientists have discovered a mutation in algae that increases oil yields without sacrificing growth, opening up the prospect of reprogramming metabolism to produce more oil. The finding, published in The Plant Cell, reveals a new way to understand how cells control carbon metabolism and storage.
Researchers discovered that Kinesin-14 protein helps cells bundle growing microtubules into organized structures by guiding their growth in parallel. This mechanism is conserved throughout evolution and found in various animal cells, including humans and flies.
A new method of micron-scale surface chemical patterning was developed at UCSB, allowing for the creation of engineered surfaces with patterned polymer brushes. This technology reduces processing time and adds versatility to design, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Researchers at the Babraham Institute successfully tagged a protein in the mTORC1 complex to observe its movement in real time. The discovery sheds light on how mTORC1 regulates cell growth and ageing, revealing new insights into its dynamics and signalling pathways.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota found that endoglin modulates key signaling pathways to favor early cell differentiation into blood cells over the heart. High levels of endoglin expression enhance blood cell development, while cardiac cells are in deficit. The study's findings provide new insights into mechanisms regulating ...
Researchers discovered that Antarctic basidiomycetous yeast Mrakia blollopis consumes high amounts of energy during growth to cope with cold stress. The strain accumulates aromatic amino acids, which improve cell growth at low temperatures.
A new technique invented at MIT can precisely measure the growth of many individual cells simultaneously, offering insights into growth variation across single cells within larger populations. The device's increased throughput enables fast drug tests and tracking of dynamic cell growth to changing environmental conditions.
A Purdue University undergraduate class uncovered a mutation in the Sunspot sunflower that leads to its small stature, revealing a crucial role for DELLA proteins. The discovery sheds light on the genetic basis of plant height and has potential applications for modifying ornamental horticultural plants.
The study found that KLF12 promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth by activating early growth response protein 1 (EGR1), leading to enhanced cancer cell proliferation and survival. KLF12 and EGR1 levels synergistically correlate with poor CRC prognoses, suggesting their potential as novel therapeutic targets.
Scientists discover why fast-growing cyanobacteria thrives under intense light by expanding cellular machinery to build proteins. The organism can triple in size in less than 2 hours, producing more fuel and chemicals compared to slower-growing species.
Researchers found that cells growing at different rates and directions average out over time, creating uniform flowers on plants. The study identifies a gene, FtsH4, that affects reactive oxygen species accumulation, which stiffens cell walls and regulates growth.
LobeFinder algorithm quantifies and analyzes shape changes in puzzle piece-shaped plant cells, providing insights into leaf size and crop yield. The technology could also be adapted to measure boundary shifts in other complex geometric forms.
A study reveals that Botox toxin targets neurons through its affinity for glycans, and mutating a single amino acid can abolish toxicity. This mechanism also inspires the design of anti-toxin inhibitors.
The study found that glutathione reduces uranium's chemical toxicity, allowing cells to grow and resist contamination. This discovery is crucial for innovative biological decontamination strategies, particularly in bioremediation of mining waste piles.
Researchers aim to create non-destructive tools to monitor and assess implantable cartilage, improving the quality of tissue and reducing variability caused by human cells. The center will serve as a resource for academic and industrial labs, disseminating findings and providing training.
The nucleolus, a specialized organelle in cells, behaves like a liquid with complex internal structure, enabling it to control cellular growth and health. Researchers discovered that proteins and RNA spontaneously assemble into three distinct layers, providing insights into the biophysical mechanism of the nucleolus's structure.
Researchers discovered an alternative pathway emerges when ERK1/2 is blocked, allowing tumor cell proliferation to continue. Targeting both ERK pathways concurrently with drug inhibitors halted colorectal cancer growth more effectively in mouse models and human cell lines.
A team of researchers found that rapidly proliferating yeast cells can exert forces of up to 150 psi, equivalent to nearly five times atmospheric pressure. This jamming phenomenon may contribute to microbial pathogenesis and biofouling, with potential consequences for environmental systems.