Articles tagged with Exocytosis
Researchers at OIST identified 80 plasma membrane repair proteins in budding yeast, revealing a coordinated sequence of molecular events. The study provides a foundation for investigating plasma membrane repair mechanisms in higher eukaryotes, including human cells.
Researchers have discovered that vesicles generated from cell-surface protrusions can deliver active proteins and genome-editing enzymes far more efficiently than conventional extracellular vesicles. This natural delivery system may enable the development of safer and more precise strategies for genome editing, regenerative medicine, a...
Researchers have discovered the ExHOS nanomachine, which controls constitutive exocytosis by delivering spherical molecular packages to the cell surface. This process is essential for preserving cell fitness and vital functions such as communication and growth.
Scientists have identified WASH protein complex as a gatekeeper of neutrophil-driven inflammation, potentially leading to new treatments for conditions like sepsis and arthritis. The study reveals that WASH regulates the release of antimicrobial molecules, which can harm healthy cells if released excessively.
A new study reveals that aggregates of the protein alpha-synuclein spread in the brains of people with Parkinson's disease through a cellular waste-ejection process called lysosomal exocytosis. This process can lead to the deaths of neurons and ultimately result in the characteristic symptoms of the disease.
Researchers at MIT discovered that cells shed 4% of their mass before cell division to eliminate toxic components. This process allows newborn cells to start with fresh, functional contents, which may help explain why neurons accumulate toxic proteins in Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers create Opto-vTrap, a reversible inhibition system that can temporarily trap vesicles from being released, allowing for controlled brain activity. The technique enables temporary removal of fear memory in live mice, with potential applications in epilepsy treatment, muscle spasm treatment, and skin tissue expansion technolog...
Researchers have created a detailed model of how the brain learns and memorizes, shedding light on long-term potentiation and depression. The model simulates the competition between exocytosis and endocytosis of AMPA-type glutamate receptors, revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying learning and memory formation.
A novel mechanism regulating cellular injury by phagocytes has been identified through research on myoferlin, a protein involved in calcium-dependent lysosomal exocytosis. Myoferlin deficiency impairs the cytotoxic capacity of phagocytes, leading to increased accumulation of debris and reduced secretion of lysosomal enzymes.
Researchers have identified a fused gene in moss that provides insight into how cells build their external walls through the exocytosis process. The discovery raises questions about the unique arrangement of genes that have been retained for millions of years, with potential benefits for cell shape and structure.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery by directly observing the structure of protein machinery in living cells, allowing them to study its functions in unprecedented detail. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding cellular biology and developing new therapeutic strategies for diseases.
A study led by Wei Guo has identified Sec3 as a key activator that speeds up the binding of SNAREs, allowing vesicles to fuse with the plasma membrane. The researchers used a combination of molecular biology and crystallography to understand the mechanism of exocytosis and have potential implications for endocrinology, neurotransmissio...
A research team at Nanjing University found that PKM2 promotes exosome release by phosphorylating SNAP-23, which controls the dock and release of secretory granules or exosome-containing multivesicular bodies. This study demonstrates for the first time that PKM2 plays an essential role in promoting tumor cell exocytosis.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that RNA editing of CAPS1 affects vesicle exocytosis, leading to increased physical activity and lower body weight in mice. This study reveals the importance of RNA editing in regulating physiological processes.
A recent study by Dr. Andrea Ballabio and colleagues discovered a key role for transcription factor EB (TFEB) in regulating lysosomal exocytosis, which can rescue cells from toxic waste buildup. The findings suggest an innovative approach to treating metabolic disorders associated with lysosomal storage diseases.
Research reveals distinct exocytosis regulation mechanisms between living organisms and laboratory tissue cultures. The study used intravital microscopy to examine exocytosis in live mice, finding that secretory vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane one by one under beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation.
A novel gene called Flower was discovered to play a crucial role in vesicle uptake in neurons, allowing for rapid neurotransmission. The gene's corresponding protein is present in synaptic vesicles and enables calcium influx, initiating exocytosis.
New research reveals that cells employ similar molecules for importing and exporting cargo, blurring the line between endocytosis and exocytosis. This challenges traditional biological assumptions about dedicated molecules for specific processes.
Dr. Castle's work elucidates the mechanism of secretion from exocrine cells, particularly salivary glands, through analysis of secretory granules and membrane components. His discovery of SCAMPs and demonstration of four pathways of secretion in parotid cells contribute to a deeper understanding of membrane trafficking and exocytosis.
Nitric oxide inhibits endothelial cell release of inflammatory substances by targeting a specific protein, thereby regulating exocytosis and preventing inflammation. Researchers have developed a novel drug that blocks this process, showing promise as an anti-clotting agent for various diseases.