Articles tagged with Skin Cells
A new study reveals that malic acid is the primary cause of sweet cherry cracking, even at low water uptake levels. The researchers found that artificial juices composed of malic acid or five abundant osmolytes reproduce the effect on fruit cracking.
Researchers found that memory T cells specific to parasite infections can form in the skin, setting up a defense against future infections. This discovery could inform efforts to develop an effective vaccine for leishmaniasis and other diseases like tuberculosis and leprosy.
Researchers discovered that memory CD4+ T cells linger in the skin for up to a year after resolving Leishmania infection. These skin-resident memory cells help reduce parasite numbers during secondary infections by recruiting blood-borne memory cells, suggesting a new approach to developing anti-Leishmania vaccines.
Researchers have documented the full spectrum of UV radiation-induced DNA damage in human skin cells, allowing manufacturers to develop targeted sunscreen products. The study's findings reveal that prolonged sun exposure leads to an accumulation of damaging free radicals, causing skin aging and potentially initiating skin cancers.
Researchers have identified the molecular basis for a heart condition called dilated cardiomyopathy and found a potential treatment that partially restores function to diseased cells. The study used induced pluripotent stem cells to model the disease, revealing how a key signaling pathway develops in healthy vs. diseased cells.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed a new method for skin rejuvenation using pulsed electrical fields, which induce cellular death and proliferation without affecting the extracellular matrix. This non-invasive procedure shows promise in improving skin health with minimal risk of scarring or altered pigmentation.
Researchers successfully grow multiple brain structures and form connections between them in vitro for the first time. The new method uses human pluripotent stem cells to produce connections between neurons from different brain regions.
Dr. Vijay Tiwari is awarded the Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung Award for his pioneering work on understanding how cells change from regular to metastatic cells. His research focuses on epigenetic mechanisms, which have significant implications for treating cancer and other diseases.
Research found that 90% of bacteria on human skin are either dead or inactive, with different areas harboring varying proportions of metabolically active, inactive, and dead microbes. Activity levels decreased with age, suggesting a possible relationship between the microbiome and immune system function.
A Phase I/II trial has shown promising results for a new stem-cell based therapy in children with recessed dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), a painful skin condition. The treatment involves infusions of mesenchymal stromal cells, which improved pain scores and reduced the severity of the disease.
New study reveals that many known cancer-promoting genes are already present in normal, sun-exposed skin cells, even before they become cancerous. The researchers found that over 25% of normal skin cells carry at least one driver mutation, suggesting a higher frequency of cancer-causing mutations in normal skin than previously thought.
A study reveals that cancer-associated mutations exist in a significant percentage of normal skin cells, potentially offering insights into the origins of cancer. Researchers found that skin cells carry thousands of mutations caused by sun exposure, with around 25% carrying at least one cancer-associated mutation.
A study found that repeated schistosome exposure leads to a limited immune response due to the presence of IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells in the skin. These cells help prevent excessive inflammation and allow the parasite to survive by suppressing the immune system.
Scientists at the University of Manchester discovered that desmosomes achieve their strength through flexibility rather than rigidity. This finding has significant implications for understanding diseases such as sudden cardiac death and skin conditions.
Researchers have identified the specific molecules involved in skin fusion during wound healing, using fruit fly embryos as a model system. The study reveals a complex process involving molecular machines and cellular components that work together to fuse the skin, with microtubules playing a crucial role in this process.
Researchers have developed a new technique for islet transplantation under the skin, which shows promise in reversing diabetes in preclinical models. This approach harnesses the body's natural ability to respond to a foreign body by growing new blood vessels, offering a safer and more reliable treatment option.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a new form of human embryonic stem cell that can help advance research on pre-eclampsia and other reproductive problems. These 'BMP-primed' stem cells are more robust and easily manipulated than traditional stem cells, making them ideal for future studies.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a cell type, EPF cells, that plays a major role in scarring and skin cancer growth. They found that inhibiting the activity of these cells may alleviate scarring and slow down melanoma growth, providing potential new treatment options.
Johns Hopkins researchers have developed a new tool for understanding ALS by transforming skin cells into brain cells affected by the disease. The resulting cell library, now publicly available, will enable scientists to study the disease in greater detail and potentially discover new treatments.
Scientists at OIST Graduate University have identified a pattern in desert fairy circles that closely resembles the distribution of skin cells. This similarity spans vastly different scales, from microscopic cells to large-scale desert landscapes. The findings suggest that patterns may exist across disparate systems, enabling new appro...
Researchers compared two fat grafting techniques for facial rejuvenation and found that both methods produce similar results. The simpler approach using fat cells plus stromal vascular fraction has advantages over stem cell injection due to its faster processing time.
A new study reveals that dottyback reef fish can change color to imitate various damselfish species, allowing it to sneak up on unsuspecting young and avoid detection by larger predators. This unique ability makes it harder for prey to develop strategies to evade the dottyback.
Phosphorylation and methylation of desmoplakin regulate its interaction with the cytoskeleton, affecting cell-to-cell connections. The study reveals a regulatory mechanism that contributes to skin and heart diseases.
Researchers have discovered that licorice extract's antioxidant active compound Licochalcone A strengthens the skin's defense systems, producing higher amounts of self-protecting molecules. This approach may provide superior sun protection by combining physical and biological defenses.
Researchers introduce a novel approach to stimulate the skin immune response using needle-free vaccination. The cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping (CSSS) method enhances penetration of vaccine particles into deeper skin layers, activating key immune cells.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which immune cells in the skin function as the body's 'border control'. This finding could improve how we fight some infections, allergies and auto-immune diseases. The discovery of CD1a molecule reveals how it interacts with lipid molecules to identify foreign invaders.
Scientists at the University of Iowa created human insulin-producing cells that respond to glucose and correct blood-sugar levels in diabetic mice. The findings may represent a step toward developing patient-specific cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes.
Scientists developed a method to induce human hair growth using pluripotent stem cells, providing an unlimited source of cells for transplantation and improving upon existing methods. The research team successfully coaxed human pluripotent stem cells to become dermal papilla cells, which regulate hair-follicle formation and growth cycle.
Researchers have identified a specific population of stem cells in the skin that exclusively generate and maintain Merkel cells, crucial for touch sensation. Removing these cells led to a permanent reduction in Merkel cells, highlighting their unique role.
A team of researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine has discovered a specific sequence and protein tags that send DNA to the edge of the nucleus, where its genes get turned off. This process is crucial for controlling genes and determining cell fate, particularly during development.
Researchers found that specific commensal microbes like Staphylococcus epidermidis stimulate distinct immune cell responses without causing inflammation. This discovery helps clarify the role of skin commensals and may explain skin disorder variations.
Researchers at CNIO have discovered that macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a key role in activating hair follicle stem cells, promoting hair growth. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel treatment strategies for hair loss and has broader implications for skin regeneration and cancer research.
A new study reveals that macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a crucial role in activating hair growth by surrounding and activating skin stem cells. This discovery may lead to the development of novel treatment strategies for hair loss in humans.
A UBC research team has found a genetic link that can prevent sun-induced skin aging by blocking the activity of Granzyme B, an enzyme that breaks down collagen. The breakthrough could lead to new treatments for various conditions, including heart attacks and lung diseases.
Researchers at TSRI have identified Piezo2 as the primary mechanoreceptor protein mediating the sense of touch in mammals. Mice lacking Piezo2 lose sensitivity to ordinary light touch but retain pain-related touch sensitivity.
Researchers successfully converted adult human skin cells into medium spiny neurons, a subtype of brain cells affected in Huntington's disease. The newly generated cells survived and functioned like native cells in the mouse brain, demonstrating a promising approach for treating the disease.
A new study reveals SIRT6 can promote the development of skin cancers by increasing inflammation and cell proliferation. Inhibition of SIRT6 expression decreased COX-2 levels and tumor growth in mice.
Researchers used induced pluripotent stem cells to compare heart muscle cell survival decisions in people with and without a genetic mutation. They found that the mutation affects heart health by controlling cell survival during stress, and identified a protein involved in programmed cell death.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have discovered a highly efficient method for generating pluripotent stem cells, increasing yields by over 20-fold compared to standard protocols. The new technique uses vitamin C and two other compounds to modulate enzymes involved in cell reprogramming.
Researchers found that plasmacytoid dendritic cells trigger early psoriasis, while Langerhans cells help regulate the immune response. Modulating dendritic cell composition may lead to new psoriasis treatments.
Researchers from the University of Buffalo have discovered new details of how autoantibodies destroy healthy cells in skin, providing insights into autoimmune mechanisms that could help develop and screen treatments for patients suffering from all autoimmune diseases. The study uses atomic force microscopy to analyze cell junctions and...
Scientists have identified two new species of sea-dwelling, mushroom-shaped organisms in the deep sea. The organisms, belonging to the family Dendrogrammatidae, share characteristics with ancient life forms and potentially belong to the Ctenophora or Cnidaria phyla.
Researchers have discovered the origin and behavior of pigment cells that form zebrafish stripes. The yellow cells undergo dramatic changes in cell shape to tint the stripe pattern, while silvery and black cells switch shapes to create a striking contrast between golden and blue colors.
Researchers have developed a new method to create patient-specific neural crest cells from skin cells, which can help study and potentially treat rare disorders. The technique accelerates the creation of these cells, allowing for more accurate predictions of disease progression and treatment efficacy.
A new computer algorithm called CellNet has been created to guide stem cell medicine by providing a 'quality assurance' measure for lab-created cells. The algorithm assesses the complex network of genes in engineered cells, comparing them to their real-life counterparts, and provides guidance on improving the engineering process.
Columbia University researchers create a way to develop personalized gene therapies for patients with retinitis pigmentosa, a leading cause of vision loss. They use induced pluripotent stem cell technology to transform skin cells into retinal cells, which are then used as patient-specific models for disease study and preclinical testing.
A new study finds that stem cells created by moving genetic material from a skin cell into an empty egg cell more closely resemble human embryonic stem cells than traditionally induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The method, known as nuclear transfer, results in cells with fewer reprogramming issues and better gene expression patterns.
Scientists at OHSU have found that nuclear transfer is superior to iPS method in reprogramming human skin cells into embryonic stem cells, with the former producing stem cells almost identical to those from in vitro fertilized eggs. The study's findings hold major implications for developing better embryonic stem cells and therapies.
Scientists have successfully replicated the process of human embryonic stem cells differentiating into separate populations with a reproducible spatial order. By confining cells in tiny circular patterns on glass plates, researchers were able to induce endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm formation, mirroring natural conditions.
A novel viral method reveals that cells from human skin biopsies show altered cAMP–CREB signaling, predicting melatonin response to light and linked to bipolar disease. This study suggests a common signaling pathway may explain the body clock's link to mental illness in bipolar patients.
Researchers discovered that stimulating AhR in skin cells reduces inflammation in psoriasis patients, a potential new treatment approach for chronic inflammatory skin disorders. The findings suggest a novel strategy for treating psoriasis, combining immune system modulation with AhR stimulation.
Researchers successfully coaxed induced pluripotent stem cells from infertile men into producing sperm cell precursors after transplantation into mice testes. This breakthrough helps explain genetic causes of male infertility and holds potential for clinical applications.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have solved a century-long puzzle by proving that Merkel cells are the initial sites for sensing touch. Their study published in Cell journal shows that gentle touch triggers action potentials in Merkel cells, mediated by the Piezo2 receptor/ion channel.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute discover a dual-sensor system for the sense of touch, involving Merkel cells and nerves. The study provides new insights into how gentle touch sensations are detected by the skin.
Researchers use optogenetics to study skin cells called Merkel cells, which play a crucial role in sensing fine details and textures. The discovery may lead to the development of new prosthetics and treatments for skin diseases.
Researchers have successfully implanted encapsulated human embryonic stem cell-derived pancreatic cells under the skin of animal models with diabetes, producing sufficient insulin to maintain glucose levels. The study suggests that these cells may be a promising treatment option for insulin-dependent diabetes.
Researchers have uncovered evidence that adherens junctions actively respond to mechanical cues by remodeling their own position and intensity. This discovery sheds light on the organization of multi-cellularity, from cell-cell contacts to the remodeling of tissues and organs during life.
Dr. Elaine Fuchs received the Pezcoller Foundation-AACR International Award for her seminal work on mammalian skin, skin stem cells, and related diseases. Her research has had a profound impact on cancer research and other disciplines, including genetics and dermatology.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes and UCSF have made a breakthrough in regenerative medicine by transforming skin cells into mature, fully functioning liver cells. The new method offers hope for treating liver failure and could serve as an alternative to liver transplants.
Researchers at the Gladstone Institutes have devised a method to reprogram skin cells into cells that closely resemble beating heart cells, exhibiting twitching and contracting patterns. The addition of one genetic factor, Oct4, accelerated the transformation, revealing promising results for pharmaceutical-based therapies.