Articles tagged with Tissue Samples
The GTEx project has mapped genetic variations that affect gene expression across over four dozen tissues, revealing the importance of cell type in understanding gene regulation. The study cataloged QTLs governing the expression of over 23,000 genes, highlighting the complexity underlying genetic control of gene expression.
Researchers found that COVID-19 virus invades placenta in cases with and without fetal infection, highlighting its protective role. The study also reveals unique cell surface proteins responsible for viral entry, paving the way for novel prevention and treatment strategies.
Researchers developed a new imaging modality for in-development retinal organoids using D-FFOCT, which offers high spatial and temporal resolutions. The technique allows for the creation of highly contrasted images of almost transparent samples without labels, enabling long-term study of sample development.
Researchers detect plastic contamination in every sample analyzed using mass spectrometry, with bisphenol A found in all 47 human samples. The study provides the first array of methods for examining monomer, nano- and microplastic occurrence in human organs from individuals with a known history of environmental exposure.
A new study found that five different types of seafood - oysters, prawns, squid, crabs, and sardines - contain plastic, with varying levels of pollution. The research used a newly developed method to identify and measure five different plastic types, revealing surprising differences in the amount of plastic present among species.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found that commercially available fireworks emit toxic metals such as lead, copper, and titanium, which can damage human cells and animal lungs. Exposure to these particles was also linked to increased oxidation in the body, a chemical process that can cause cell damage.
The Resource for Quantitative Elemental Mapping for the Life Sciences (QE-Map) will enable unprecedented insights into metal role in human health and disease. QE-Map will pioneer cutting-edge imaging and detection technologies to deepen understanding of interplay between metals and biological processes.
Researchers have developed a novel method to quantify deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTP) concentrations in small tissue samples, which is useful for studying mitochondrial diseases and cancer. The technique uses DNA polymerase and fluorescent dye, allowing for accurate measurement even in samples with low dNTP concentration.
A recent study on spall fracture in metals revealed that certain materials can withstand secondary shocks with minimal damage, even without obvious signs of voids and cracks. The researchers found that a specific shock stress could recompact damaged copper targets and create new bonds between the broken surfaces.
Researchers found molecular changes in pre-symptomatic tissue of Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) patients, which may lead to new screening and treatment methods. The study suggests that disease-causing changes occur decades before noticeable symptoms appear.
A recent study found that seven patient samples contained M. orygis, a subspecies not typically associated with human TB, indicating potential zoonotic transmission in India. The researchers suggest broadening the definition of zoonotic TB to include other MTBC subspecies capable of causing human disease.
Researchers at University of Illinois and Colorado State University developed a new 3D imaging technique called harmonic optical tomography, which uses holographic information to generate microscopic images of tissues. The technique has potential applications in medical diagnostics, finding cracks in oil wells and airplane wings.
Researchers developed a new 3D imaging technique called harmonic optical tomography, which uses holographic information to generate 3D images of biological samples. This technique has the potential to assist with cancer and disease diagnoses by providing critical information on tissue structure and collagen fiber orientation.
A new framework published in NEJM offers a responsible approach to patient data-sharing, allowing companies to access massive data troves with transparency and consent. The system includes an easy-to-understand informed consent document and a dedicated gatekeeper committee to review and approve projects.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have developed a method to detect red blood cell damage in real-time, which could improve patient safety during dialysis. The technique uses mechanical resistance to measure changes in blood conductivity caused by damaged red blood cells.
A new combination of 3D printing and acoustic droplet ejection technology enables precise control over growth factor presentation, promoting osteogenic differentiation in C2C12 mouse myoblast cells. This technique has vast potential for various tissue types beyond bone engineering.
Researchers analyzed lipid residues from ceramic vessels in Kenya and Tanzania, providing direct evidence for milk consumption by ancient eastern African pastoralist societies. The findings shed light on the evolution of lactase persistence in the region, highlighting a unique dietary adaptation.
Researchers developed an online tool to refine results from RNA sequencing obtained from clinically-accessible tissues. The study found that 40.2% of non-clinically-available tissues have inadequate splicing representation in at least one clinically-available tissue.
A new fennel fungal disease caused by Ochraceocephala foeniculi has been identified in Italy, affecting two cultivars and causing significant crop losses. The pathogen damages the fennel with necrotic lesions, posing a serious threat to Italian fennel production.
Researchers found elevated concentrations of TPT in Chinese white dolphins and finless porpoises, with the highest concentration being five times higher than reported in false killer whales. Biomagnification of TPT compounds has significant implications for local dolphin populations and human health.
Researchers at Penn State developed a novel bioprinting technique that uses aspiration-assisted printing to place tiny tissue spheroids in precise locations, enabling the creation of homogeneous and heterocellular tissues. This method has potential applications in regenerative medicine, drug screening, and microphysiological systems.
The researchers developed a system of miniaturized organs that can detect harmful effects of drugs before they are prescribed to patients. The miniature organs, created using biofabrication techniques, mimic human tissues and organs, enabling the detection of toxicity in drugs approved for human use.
A new study published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society has found that traditional biomass stoves significantly increase indoor levels of harmful PM2.5 and carbon monoxide, leading to lung inflammation and potentially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in developing nations.
A new lensless on-chip microscopy platform developed at UConn removes traditional lenses to provide a fuller picture of tissue samples, leading to more accurate diagnoses. The platform uses ptychography and achieves an ultra-high Fresnel number, allowing for a 30 mm2 field of view and eliminating the need for cell staining.
A new collaborative study has developed a way to measure microscopic axons using MRI, revealing unprecedented accuracy and opening up new research possibilities. The method overcomes the long-standing challenge of probing axons non-invasively inside a living brain.
SPion technology enables scientists to conduct accurate molecular profiling of living tissue without disruption, addressing limitations of traditional ex vivo techniques. This breakthrough innovation is expected to revolutionize health and biological sciences, including cancer surgery, by providing real-time tissue biopsy results.
A new study by the University of Saskatchewan has found that the likely culprit of the Minamata poisoning is alpha-mercuri-acetaldehyde, a mercury waste product not previously identified. This organic mercury species was discharged directly from the Chisso Corporation's chemical factory and contaminated Minamata Bay.
Researchers have identified high levels of ketone bodies in the plasma of patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy as a reliable predictor of disease progression. The biomarker could help track the progression of this inherited heart condition, which can be fatal without warning.
Researchers extracted DNA from museum specimens using a vortex fluidic device (VFD), accelerating the process from days to hours. The breakthrough enables exploration of historical and extinct species' genetic information, shedding light on human impact on ecosystems.
Researchers have developed a technique to create high-resolution images of biological samples, revealing new molecules and their spatial distribution. The technique uses a powerful mass spectrometer to produce detailed visuals of the molecular makeup of animal tissue.
Researchers discovered diverse fungal communities associated with camas seeds and roots, which may support its establishment in restored habitats. These findings could help scientists restore native prairie and wetland ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest.
Researchers successfully sequenced and annotated the giant squid's genome, providing a unique opportunity to explore its evolutionary history. The genomic draft reveals insights into the giant squid's size, growth rate, and age.
Researchers develop 'flash and freeze' method to study structure and function of synapses in intact neural circuits. The method allows for simultaneous observation of structural changes during signaling, revealing a near-identity between structurally and functionally defined vesicle pools.
Scientists developed a new method to evaluate meat quality using fluorescence spectroscopy, which is precise in classifying meat into standard quality categories. The method detects specific compounds that emit light of a specific frequency range, agreeing with the assumption that connective and adipose tissue make meat more tender.
A new imaging technique combining machine learning and optical coherence tomography detects precancerous and cancerous tissue with 100% accuracy, according to a pilot study. The technology may assist traditional colonoscopy by providing real-time, non-invasive imaging for deeper precancerous polyps and early-stage cancers.
Research finds gut protein Smad7 mobilizes immune cells, triggering inflammation in the central nervous system of MS patients. Analyzing intestinal tissue samples from MS patients confirms results, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for this debilitating disease.
A new study by Oregon State University has provided a comprehensive, cellular-level understanding of osteoarthritis, enabling better treatment options. The research uses a sophisticated scanning technique to view loaded joints in arthritic and healthy mice, revealing key features such as tissue mechanics and cellular activity.
Researchers found filovirus antibodies in 5.9% of human samples and up to 13.3% of bat species, including those with Ebola virus, Bundibugyo virus, Sudan virus, Marburg virus, and Mengla virus antibodies. The study highlights the need for surveillance at the human-animal interface.
A study identified two types of genetic variants in the PM20D1 gene that regulate its expression in adipocytes, with one variant acting as an on/off switch and another similar to a dimmer switch; these variations are associated with obesity risk.
Researchers found that cell division rates slowed by about 40% in colon tissue samples collected from patients in their 80s compared with those in their 20s. This slowdown may help explain why cancer incidence decreases at older ages.
Researchers found that while potassium fertilization increases alfalfa yield, it also decreases forage quality. Understanding the tradeoffs between yield and quality is crucial for sustainable production and fertility management.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich have discovered a specific neuroenzyme responsible for analgesics resistance in chronic pancreatitis. The team found that targeting this enzyme, nNOS, with an existing inhibitor reduces pain perception in animal models, offering new hope for pancreatic patients
A team of researchers has developed a method to screen bone samples for collagen using near-infrared spectrometry, reducing the need to destroy valuable remains. This breakthrough could enable scientists to analyze ancient DNA and gain insights into human history.
A new imaging study of ancient mummies found that their arteries were more clogged than thought, indicating heart disease was prevalent among human ancestors. The study used near-infrared spectroscopy to detect cholesterol buildup in the arteries, revealing a prevalence of cholesterol-rich plaques even in people at a relatively young age.
The NUS-developed STAMP technology enables accurate detection and classification of cancer cells, as well as determination of disease aggressiveness from minimal clinical samples. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnoses and more effective treatment decisions.
Researchers have created a new method for imaging biological molecules in cells or tissue samples using DNA snippets, allowing for the study of molecule abundance and distribution. The 'DNA microscopy' approach enables rapid screening and analysis of specific molecules within larger materials.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a method to increase optical coherence tomography resolution down to a single micrometer, enabling live imaging of tissues throughout the body. Machine learning tools are used to compensate for light distortions and create high-quality images.
The study found that melanosome size and geometry vary between species and organs within a species. Melanosomes from fossils differ significantly in size, geometry, and chemistry depending on body region, suggesting a role for melanosomes in metal metabolism and providing new insights into extinct vertebrate anatomy.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that gamification through online trivia quizzes enhances student motivation and collaboration in histology education. Students reported better understanding and performance when working in groups after participating in Kahoot-based quizzes.
Researchers found abnormal proteins in brains of people with schizophrenia, similar to those seen in Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases. These misfolded proteins affect nervous system development and neural communication, consistent with theories of schizophrenia's origins.
Researchers developed DNA microscopy, a technique that maps cells by encoding spatial information using chemical reactions. This approach enables the visualization of biomolecules such as DNA and RNA in their native environments, revealing complex interactions between cells.
The PREGCARE study provides personalized pre-conception risk evaluation for healthy couples with a child affected by a developmental disorder. The researchers aim to identify families at high risk of recurrence and provide accurate assessment of their chances of having an unaffected child.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered a molecular pattern that flags prostate enlargement and identified two genes likely playing a role in its development. The researchers found that only certain cell types multiply, leading to a fundamental shift in the type of cells making up the prostate.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a method combining expansion microscopy with virtual reality to visualize and analyze cell structures. This innovation allows for better understanding of infectious and autoimmune diseases, enabling the development of disease diagnostics and prevention methods.
A comprehensive RNA sequence analysis reveals that normal cell populations contain lineages of mutational mosaics, with sun-exposed skin and throat tissues developing more mutations. The study's findings suggest a link between age, cell proliferation rate, and environmental exposure to cancer risk.
Scientists have found that sponges can collect and filter DNA from fish, seal, and penguin DNA in the water they filter, making them an ideal sampling unit for monitoring biodiversity. This method uses sponge tissue as a natural sampler, reducing processing time and risk of contamination.
Researchers discovered two distinct subspecies of short-finned pilot whales in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, separated by the eastern Pacific Ocean. The study, published in Molecular Ecology, used genetic analysis to verify the findings, revealing that continents may not have been as significant a barrier to this species' evolution.
The study evaluated four chemical fixatives, including diisocyanate, carbodiimide, epoxy compound, and genipin, on bovine pericardium biomeshes. The results showed that three of the four tested agents significantly increased the resistance of biomeshes to collagenase.
A study at Children's National Hospital has successfully cryopreserved testicular tissue from 189 males, offering a potential fertility preservation option for younger boys. The research found undifferentiated spermatogonia in the testicular tissues of patients who had not yet received an ablative dose of therapy.
Researchers have identified 18 unique cell populations in RA joint tissue, including a fibroblast subset that produces pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. COX inhibitors like NSAIDs also alter these macrophages, but not TNF responses, suggesting new treatment approaches may be needed.