Articles tagged with Genetic Diversity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Non-flowering bryophytes, including mosses, have sophisticated immune receptor repertoires that can be transferred between flowering and non-flowering plants. This discovery offers a new source of resistance genes against pathogens for major crops facing climate change threats.
The Xanthomonas cucurbitae pathogen that causes bacterial spot has remained genetically uniform across the Midwest, with most isolates sharing over 99% identical DNA sequences. This lack of diversification may hinder the pathogen's ability to evolve and could be leveraged for developing disease-resistant crops.
A study has uncovered the pivotal role of the APETALA3–3 ortholog in shaping petal morphologies in Delphinium anthriscifolium. The gene's expression levels influence final petal forms, highlighting its crucial role in both petal identity and differentiation.
A team of researchers uncovered the geographical origins of farmed foxes and understood the role of genetic diversity in their domestication. The study found that every captive population originated from wild North American foxes, with greater genetic diversity observed in Eurasian populations.
A genomic analysis of last surviving woolly mammoths on Wrangel Island reveals signs of inbreeding and low genetic diversity, contradicting the idea that they were doomed to extinction. The research suggests that a random event likely led to their demise.
A genomic study of broccoli has identified key genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis, offering insights into the production of compounds with anti-carcinogenic properties. The research provides a comprehensive understanding of the genetic factors influencing glucosinolate diversity among different Brassica species.
Researchers developed new lager yeasts by hybridizing brewer's yeast with Patagonian wild strains, which resulted in enhanced fermentation capacity and unique aroma profiles. The study provides a way to expand the range of currently available beer styles through wild yeast exploration.
Researchers have discovered a new source of resistance to the devastating wheat blast disease, leveraging a gene that also protects against powdery mildew. The Pm4 gene, found in European wheat varieties, confers dual protection against the pathogen and its effector molecule AVR-Rmg8.
A new study presents an evolutionary-biophysical model that sheds light on the evolution of collaborative non-self recognition self-incompatibility in plants. The model introduces promiscuous molecular interactions, enhancing our understanding of genetic diversity and evolution in hermaphroditic plants.
A decade-long study has discovered a vast untapped genetic potential in modern wheat varieties, revealing that at least 60% of the genetic diversity found in a historic collection is unused. This discovery provides an unprecedented opportunity to improve modern wheat and sustainably feed a growing global population. The study used a cr...
A new study by a global consortium provides insight into how tumors evolve, shedding light on the intricate processes underlying cancer evolution. The findings define optimal algorithms to analyze tumor evolution, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning.
Researchers have discovered a better way to identify those at high risk of potential heart attacks and strokes by adding genetic information to health checks. The study found that combining clinical risk scores with polygenic risk scores significantly improves identification rates, especially among younger people.
A genetic study found that early summer fishing in the Baltic Sea targets larger salmon, leading to smaller fish and reduced population diversity. The study suggests that intensive fishing in the early season can cause evolutionary changes, affecting the age and size of Atlantic salmon before maturity.
This study explores how Cupressus gigantea has reduced its genetic load despite dwindling population size, suggesting effective purifying selection. The research provides valuable insights for conserving rare conifer species facing similar threats.
Researchers found metal-tolerant trout populations in British and Irish rivers are genetically distinct due to high levels of metal pollution. The lack of genetic diversity in these populations makes them more susceptible to environmental changes.
A new study highlights the human impacts of endangered species mating with domestic relatives, causing economic loss and death. Conservation efforts are also overlooked for marginalized pastoralist populations, who often lack effective defense against aggressive wild males.
A study led by Andrea Migliano from the University of Zurich has discovered previously unknown links between culture, language, and genes among different hunter-gatherer populations in Central Africa. The team found that musical instruments were exchanged long before agricultural populations arrived in the region, suggesting extensive ...
Researchers sequenced ancient genomes to understand the genetic composition of western plateau populations over 3,500 years. They found complex interactions between southern and western plateau populations, with Central Asian components introduced around 2,300 years ago.
Researchers have identified over 1000 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting melon aroma and ripening, revealing specific chromosomes that influence ester and aldehyde levels. These findings will aid breeding programs aimed at enhancing fruit quality and provide valuable genetic material for developing melons with enhanced flavors.
A recent study suggests that the decline in genetic diversity of the Y chromosome between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago was caused by social change, rather than violent conflicts. The researchers analyzed anthropological field data and modeling scenarios to conclude that patrilineal organizations had a significant impact on the Y chromosome.
Researchers assessed swimming performance and survival under stress to evaluate the effects of three compounds on health and lifespan in Caenorhabditis. The study found complex relationships among median lifespan, oxidative stress resistance, thermotolerance, and mobility vigor.
A team of researchers used a rapid metagenomics technique to sequence viral RNA and DNA from blood-engorged mosquitoes collected in São Paulo city, identifying vectors, viruses, and hosts. The protocol has the potential to extend our understanding of insect genetic diversity and arbovirus transmission.
A research team unravels the genetic secrets of Rhododendron flower color diversity, shedding light on gene duplications, losses, and regulatory networks. The study provides a foundation for future breeding endeavors aimed at developing novel cultivars with specific floral characteristics.
A new study reveals that wildebeest populations which no longer migrate are less genetically healthy and more prone to decline. The loss of migration routes due to fencing and roads leads to lower genetic diversity, increased inbreeding, and reduced fertility.
A new study from the Keck School of Medicine of USC found that genome-wide association studies' imputation technique works better for European, African American, and Latino groups than others. The researchers evaluated over 100 global populations, finding that imputation is less reliable for those farther away from Europe.
A new dataset has been released that combines molecular information about the poplar tree microbiome with ecosystem-level processes. The dataset provides detailed information on 27 genetically distinct variants of Populus trichocarpa, a bioenergy crop, and includes data on gene expression, soil chemistry, and microbial diversity.
The study revealed three genetically distinct populations of rusty-patched bumblebees, highlighting the need for tailored conservation efforts. The analysis showed low colony abundance and high rates of inbreeding, threatening the long-term viability of the species.
Scientists find a mismatch between research-driven approaches to seed provenancing and practical implementation challenges faced by restoration ecologists. Stakeholder survey results highlight the need for decision support frameworks that integrate science, practice, and stakeholder involvement.
Researchers developed a single-assay approach using exome sequencing data to detect large-scale pathogenic mutations, detecting 91 previously undetectable mutations. This shift could enable earlier diagnoses and save the NHS vital resources.
Researchers have recovered ancient microbiomes from 4,000-year-old teeth in Ireland, revealing major changes in oral microenvironments. The study identified bacteria linked to gum disease and provided the first high-quality ancient genome of Streptococcus mutans, a major culprit behind tooth decay.
Two well-known killer whale ecotypes in the North Pacific Ocean have been identified as separate species through genetic and behavioral evidence. The resident and Bigg's killer whales have distinct physical characteristics, diets, and cultural habits, justifying their recognition as distinct species.
A study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that severe hurricanes can increase the recovery of coral reef sponges by boosting the influx of juveniles and promoting gene flow. Genetic analyses revealed that populations of clonal marine species may benefit from increased frequency and magnitude of hurricanes to maintain gen...
A genetic study of over 1,000 Bengal cats reveals that their leopard-like patterns and iridescent sheen are primarily the result of domesticated cat genes. The researchers found no evidence of Asian leopard cat genes being present in all Bengal cats, contradicting the breed's wild origins.
The KAUST team developed an open-source platform to detect small DNA differences, revealing over 2 million previously overlooked genetic variants in rice and other crops. This tool will accelerate the discovery of genetic variations for developing crops with improved resilience and yield.
Research suggests that early-life tobacco exposure significantly increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes in adulthood, particularly for individuals with a high genetic risk. Lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and smoking habits may modify this risk, emphasizing the importance of healthy lifestyle choices.
Researchers found high genetic diversity in Cape lions prior to their extinction, contradicting colonial descriptions. The study suggests that the species exhibited significant phenotypic variation, including diverse mane coloration.
Genomic analysis of malaria parasites in pregnant women reveals reduced diversity in areas with elimination interventions implemented. Routine sampling of pregnant women can inform about changes in transmission and complement clinical data.
Researchers found that genetic variants in the Fore population made them resistant to kuru, while a large influx of females migrated into the region due to flexible kinship systems. The study suggests an alternative theory on how Fore communities interacted with neighboring communities despite fears of kuru.
A Washington State University-led research team discovered a set of genes in wild bacteria that allow them to survive exposure to nickel, enabling them to thrive in toxic soils. The genetic discovery could inform future bioremediation efforts to return plants to polluted soils.
Researchers at OIST found that anemonefish can identify specific lineages of giant sea anemones, revealing two cryptic species within the bubble-tip sea anemone. The study provides new insights into marine biodiversity and highlights the remarkable abilities of these fish in distinguishing between different sea anemone groups.
Researchers identified a mechanism of 'copy-paste' genetics in Plasmodium falciparum that increases genetic diversity of surface proteins, potentially evading the human immune system. This discovery offers valuable insights for vaccine design and could help inform new approaches to preventing malaria.
A team of scientists at Pohang University of Science & Technology uncovered the molecular mechanism responsible for crossover interference during meiosis, a biological process that generates genetically diverse reproductive cells. The findings have significant implications for breeding and cultivating crops with specific desired traits.
Research shows that invasive Asian honeybee population in North Queensland has overcome a genetic bottleneck to grow into a thriving colony. The study highlights the importance of this case for understanding population resilience and provides insights into how some species can adapt quickly despite low genetic diversity.
The study of ancient genomes has shed light on the evolution of modern humans, revealing genetic changes that distinguish us from Neanderthals and Denisovans. These findings suggest that population-level advantages, such as increased connectivity and access to resources, played a significant role in shaping human migration patterns.
Researchers at KAUST have investigated the potential of manipulating fonio's association with soil microbes to improve its drought tolerance and nutritional content. The study found that the core microbiome of fonio millet plays an important role in its general metabolism, and that environmental factors can influence microbial diversit...
Researchers identified rare genetic mutations in two tropical tree species, which are transmitted to offspring and contribute to their genetic diversity. These mutations have no effect on UV exposure but can help the trees adapt to changing environments.
A new rapid test has been developed to identify hantavirus in South Korea, paving the way for early outbreak control. The Flongle sequencing-based diagnostic is cost-efficient and can detect HTNV genomes within 3 hours.
Researchers analyzed over 200 butterfly and moth genomes to understand their evolutionary history. They found that chromosomes have remained largely unchanged since the last common ancestor over 250 million years ago, despite the diversity seen today in wing patterns and caterpillar forms.
A study found that weedy rice's promiscuity allows it to crossbreed with wild rice, enabling it to adapt and outcompete cultivated rice. This process, called adaptive introgression, has contributed to the evolution of Southeast Asian weedy rice.
Researchers have identified over 275 million previously unreported genetic variants from nearly 250,000 participants in the All of Us Research Program. These discoveries provide new pathways to understand the genetic influences on health and disease, particularly in communities historically left out of research.
Researchers optimized polygenic risk scores using ancestrally diverse genomic data to improve accuracy across diverse populations. The recalibrated tests provided a more accurate assessment of disease risk for individuals with varied ancestral backgrounds.
A study published in Nature Plants reveals that chromosome pairing plays a crucial role in regulating genetic material distribution in plants. Researchers found that the telomeres, specifically located at the ends of chromosomes, are the key players in controlling crossing-over activity, which ensures genetic diversity among offspring.
A study analyzing over 580,000 dogs found that small, long-nosed breeds like Whippets have the highest life expectancies, while medium-sized flat-faced breeds such as English Bulldogs have the lowest. The research suggests that understanding these differences may help identify dogs at risk of early death.
Researchers found that resistant bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli can remain in the body for up to nine years after initial infection. The study's key findings highlight the need for tailored treatment approaches to combat persistent infections.
The Bay Area's Savannah sparrow subspecies is losing its unique adaptation to saltwater environments due to increased interbreeding with inland sparrows. Genetic analysis reveals a decline in the bird's genetic diversity, potentially affecting its ability to survive in tidal marshes.
Research on ancient brown bear genomes sheds light on how they survived the last Ice Age. Brown bears experienced extensive range reductions and regional extinctions, leading to significant genetic diversity loss.
A study published in Current Biology reveals that complex green organisms, including land plants and algae, evolved multicellularity almost a billion years ago. Researchers used gene sequencing data to pinpoint the emergence of this trait in filamentous algal lineages.
A recent study has identified two novel gene variants linked to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in individuals of African descent. The analysis of 11,275 individuals revealed that these variants are more common in people of African ancestry and contribute to the disease's pathophysiology.
A new study reveals key insights into the molecular basis of skin color variations among African populations, providing a better understanding of human evolution and local adaptation. The research identifies crucial regulatory variants near MITF, LEF1, and TRPS1 that contribute to skin color adaptation in the San population.
A recent study from Queen Mary University of London has found that sociocultural factors significantly influence the genetic diversity of modern societies. The research analyzed genetic data from hundreds of individuals across the Americas, revealing striking differences in mating patterns between Latin America and North America.