Add BrightSurf on Google Email

From wild relatives to super tomatoes: Unearthing new genetic potential

A new eight-way tomato Multiparental advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population has been developed to unlock diverse traits from wild tomato species. The population combines diverse alleles from wild and weedy tomatoes, revealing 6,488 high-quality SNPs and associations with traits such as fruit size and pigmentation.

How cells control gene expression by cleaning up their mistakes

Cells produce three times as many 'unproductive' transcripts with mistakes or unexpected configurations as they do steady-state, finished RNA. These unproductive transcripts are quickly destroyed by a cellular process called nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), which suggests the cell intentionally makes mistakes to regulate gene expression....

SourceUniversity of Chicago·JournalNature Genetics·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 2, 2024

Combining genetic diversity data with demographic information more reliably reveals extinction risks of natural populations

A recent study published in PNAS found that genome-wide genetic diversity is a strong predictor of extinction risk when demographic factors are considered. The researchers analyzed data from a butterfly metapopulation and found a strong negative relationship between genetic diversity and extinction risk, but this correlation was largel...

SourceUniversity of Helsinki·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 16, 2024

How bread dough gave rise to civilization

A study by the Open Wild Wheat Consortium explains how Aegilops tauschii, a wild grass, contributed to the genetic diversity of bread wheat, enabling its rapid spread across different climates. This hybridization event allowed humans to settle down and form societies.

SourceJohn Innes Centre·JournalNature·DateAug 14, 2024

Impact of 700 years of Inuvialuit subsistence hunting on beluga whales

A team analyzed 45 zooarchaeological remains and compared findings with contemporary data to assess the effect of sustained subsistence harvests on beluga genetic diversity, population structuring, and foraging ecology. The study found no significant changes in genetic diversity or population structuring over time.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 14, 2024

Published research from the Parkinson’s Foundation shows genetic variants are more common in people with Parkinson’s disease than originally thought

The PD GENEration study has found that 13% of participants have a genetic form of Parkinson's disease, significantly higher than previous estimates. The study, which reached its goal of 15,000 participants ahead of schedule, provides insights into the genetics of the disease and its potential for precision medicine.

SourceParkinson's Foundation·JournalBrain·TypeObservational study·DateJul 29, 2024

Asexual reproduction usually leads to a lack of genetic diversity. Not for these ants.

Researchers at Rockefeller University found that clonal raider ants preserve genetic diversity through a unique method of asexual reproduction. The study reveals that daughter ants inherit two distinct versions of their genome, largely preserving the genetic diversity present in their mother's genome, which enables the species' survival.

SourceRockefeller University·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·DateJul 23, 2024

Genome study informs restoration of American chestnut tree

A genome study has identified regional adaptations in American chestnut trees, informing restoration efforts and climate resilience. The research provides guidance for conserving genetic diversity across the Appalachian region, with a focus on preserving the most genetically diverse southern population.

SourceVirginia Tech·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJul 22, 2024

Genetic study highlights importance of diversity in understanding health disparities

A large-scale genetic study found that genetic data from diverse groups, including non-European populations, can provide critical insights into health disparities. The study identified population-specific signals and unique genetic variations associated with specific traits or conditions, highlighting the importance of diversity in und...

Using AI to scrutinize, validate theories on animal evolution

A new study uses machine learning to analyze the genetic diversity of two amphibian species, finding that different processes shaped their evolution. The research suggests that population demographic events and contemporary landscape factors played a significant role in shaping the genetic variation of these species.

SourceOhio State University·JournalMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution·TypeCase study·DateJul 18, 2024

Unraveling the DNA mystique of Saposhnikovia divaricata: New horizons in herbal medicine

A pioneering study has sequenced the genome of Saposhnikovia divaricata, a traditional medicinal herb, revealing its evolutionary adaptations and therapeutic benefits. The research paves the way for enhancing the plant's efficacy through targeted genomic breeding strategies, potentially leading to superior therapeutic applications.

Pumpkin disease not evolving, could make a difference for management

The Xanthomonas cucurbitae pathogen that causes bacterial spot has remained genetically uniform across the Midwest, with most isolates sharing over 99% identical DNA sequences. This lack of diversification may hinder the pathogen's ability to evolve and could be leveraged for developing disease-resistant crops.

Genetic patterns of world’s farmed, domesticated foxes revealed via historical deep-dive

A team of researchers uncovered the geographical origins of farmed foxes and understood the role of genetic diversity in their domestication. The study found that every captive population originated from wild North American foxes, with greater genetic diversity observed in Eurasian populations.

Wild yeasts from Patagonia could yield new flavors of lagers

Researchers developed new lager yeasts by hybridizing brewer's yeast with Patagonian wild strains, which resulted in enhanced fermentation capacity and unique aroma profiles. The study provides a way to expand the range of currently available beer styles through wild yeast exploration.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Genetics·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 20, 2024

Blast from the past

Researchers have discovered a new source of resistance to the devastating wheat blast disease, leveraging a gene that also protects against powdery mildew. The Pm4 gene, found in European wheat varieties, confers dual protection against the pathogen and its effector molecule AVR-Rmg8.

SourceJohn Innes Centre·JournalNature Plants·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 20, 2024

Hidden mechanisms behind hermaphroditic plant self-incompatibility revealed

A new study presents an evolutionary-biophysical model that sheds light on the evolution of collaborative non-self recognition self-incompatibility in plants. The model introduces promiscuous molecular interactions, enhancing our understanding of genetic diversity and evolution in hermaphroditic plants.

SourceThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateJun 18, 2024

Finding hidden genetic treasure: Study uncovers untapped diversity in historic wheat collection

A decade-long study has discovered a vast untapped genetic potential in modern wheat varieties, revealing that at least 60% of the genetic diversity found in a historic collection is unused. This discovery provides an unprecedented opportunity to improve modern wheat and sustainably feed a growing global population. The study used a cr...

SourceJohn Innes Centre·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateJun 17, 2024

Adding genetic information to health checks improves identification of people at risk of heart attacks and strokes

Researchers have discovered a better way to identify those at high risk of potential heart attacks and strokes by adding genetic information to health checks. The study found that combining clinical risk scores with polygenic risk scores significantly improves identification rates, especially among younger people.

SourceUniversity of Leicester·JournalEuropean Heart Journal·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateJun 11, 2024

Cultural and linguistic networks of Central African hunter-gatherers have ancient origin

A study led by Andrea Migliano from the University of Zurich has discovered previously unknown links between culture, language, and genes among different hunter-gatherer populations in Central Africa. The team found that musical instruments were exchanged long before agricultural populations arrived in the region, suggesting extensive ...

SourceUniversity of Zurich·JournalNature Human Behaviour·TypeExperimental study·DateMay 27, 2024

Melon flavor decoded: the genetic keys to aromatic diversity

Researchers have identified over 1000 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting melon aroma and ripening, revealing specific chromosomes that influence ester and aldehyde levels. These findings will aid breeding programs aimed at enhancing fruit quality and provide valuable genetic material for developing melons with enhanced flavors.

Social change may explain decline in genetic diversity of the Y chromosome at the end of the Neolithic period

A recent study suggests that the decline in genetic diversity of the Y chromosome between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago was caused by social change, rather than violent conflicts. The researchers analyzed anthropological field data and modeling scenarios to conclude that patrilineal organizations had a significant impact on the Y chromosome.

SourceCNRS·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 24, 2024

Filling in genomic blanks for disease studies works better for some groups than others

A new study from the Keck School of Medicine of USC found that genome-wide association studies' imputation technique works better for European, African American, and Latino groups than others. The researchers evaluated over 100 global populations, finding that imputation is less reliable for those farther away from Europe.

SourceKeck School of Medicine of USC·JournalAmerican Journal of Human Genetics·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateApr 10, 2024

First-of-its-kind integrated dataset enables genes-to-ecosystems research

A new dataset has been released that combines molecular information about the poplar tree microbiome with ecosystem-level processes. The dataset provides detailed information on 27 genetically distinct variants of Populus trichocarpa, a bioenergy crop, and includes data on gene expression, soil chemistry, and microbial diversity.

SourceDOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory·JournalScientific Data·TypeObservational study·DateApr 8, 2024

Scientists extract genetic secrets from 4,000-year-old teeth to illuminate the impact of changing human diets over the centuries

Researchers have recovered ancient microbiomes from 4,000-year-old teeth in Ireland, revealing major changes in oral microenvironments. The study identified bacteria linked to gum disease and provided the first high-quality ancient genome of Streptococcus mutans, a major culprit behind tooth decay.

SourceTrinity College Dublin·JournalMolecular Biology and Evolution·DateMar 27, 2024

Severe hurricanes boost influx of juveniles and gene flow in a coral reef sponge

A study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that severe hurricanes can increase the recovery of coral reef sponges by boosting the influx of juveniles and promoting gene flow. Genetic analyses revealed that populations of clonal marine species may benefit from increased frequency and magnitude of hurricanes to maintain gen...

SourceFlorida Atlantic University·JournalMolecular Ecology·TypeMeta-analysis·DateMar 26, 2024

New research reveals full diversity of killer whales as two species come into view on Pacific Coast

Two well-known killer whale ecotypes in the North Pacific Ocean have been identified as separate species through genetic and behavioral evidence. The resident and Bigg's killer whales have distinct physical characteristics, diets, and cultural habits, justifying their recognition as distinct species.

SourceNOAA Fisheries West Coast Region·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·TypeObservational study·DateMar 26, 2024

Epidemic of fatal prion disease kuru likely led to migration of women in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea

Researchers found that genetic variants in the Fore population made them resistant to kuru, while a large influx of females migrated into the region due to flexible kinship systems. The study suggests an alternative theory on how Fore communities interacted with neighboring communities despite fears of kuru.

SourceCell Press·JournalThe American Journal of Human Genetics·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 19, 2024