Articles tagged with Dna Sequencing
The discovery of novel microbial life through genomic technologies has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of Earth's biodiversity. Eddy Rubin proposes a new framework for categorizing microbial life into explored, unexplored, and undiscovered categories.
A new study by CAGEKID consortium reveals a strong connection between kidney cancer and aristolochic acid, an ingredient in herbal remedies. The research found that genetic changes associated with this type of cancer were observed in patients from Romania with high frequency, suggesting exposure to aristolochic acid as a potential cause.
A University of Michigan molecular biologist re-examines data from a controversial study claiming that complete food genes can pass into human blood. The researcher found evidence of contamination in laboratory samples, suggesting that DNA from food and skin microorganisms are present in the same sample tubes.
A new test called trio-CES, which sequences the whole exome of the affected individual and both parents simultaneously, was associated with a significantly higher molecular diagnostic yield (31%) compared to proband-CES (22%). In cases of developmental delay in children, trio-CES had a diagnosis rate of 41% compared to 9% for proband-CES.
University of Illinois researchers use charged graphene to control the movement of DNA through a nanopore, allowing for faster and more accurate DNA sequencing. The study reveals that changing the graphene's charge can stop or speed up DNA movement, and even force it into specific conformations.
A team of researchers has demonstrated a means by which CRISPR/Cas9 can be programmed to recognize and cleave RNA at sequence-specific target sites. This allows for direct RNA transcript detection, analysis and manipulation, paving the way for transformative studies in RNA function.
Researchers have developed a new DNA sequencing method that can detect and characterize the bacteria causing tuberculosis in a matter of days, without the need for time-consuming laboratory culture. The technique, known as metagenomics, uses high-throughput sequencing technologies to analyze DNA extracted from sputum samples.
Researchers have developed a program that predicts the placement of chemical tags controlling gene activity based on DNA sequences. The analysis identified specific DNA patterns associated with epigenomic modifications, revealing new insights into gene regulation and potential therapeutic targets.
Scientists have discovered that the bacterial immune system can distinguish between harmful and helpful viruses by watching for a specific transcription cue. This adaptation allows bacteria to harness viral genes for their own benefit, offering new insights into the complex relationships between microbes and viruses.
A team of researchers from San Diego State University overcame numerous challenges to successfully sequence DNA samples in real-time at sea. Despite equipment failures, space constraints, and shark encounters, they managed to collect and analyze data on the Line Islands, developing new research questions and hypotheses along the way.
Researchers have identified a specific genetic mutation causing lupus in a young patient through DNA sequencing. The discovery opens the door to personalized treatments targeting individual patients' unique genetic causes.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have discovered a single-layer sheet of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) that can sequence DNA more accurately and quickly than existing materials. The new material outperforms graphene, which had limitations due to DNA sticking to it.
Scientists have discovered that chemical modifications of a gene can contribute to cancer. A new method developed by MIT researchers analyzes these modifications to identify the type of tumor and how it will respond to different drugs. The technique could offer a way to choose the best treatment for individual patients.
Computer simulations show that two knots on a DNA strand can interchange positions through a growing and diffusing knot mechanism. The swapping of positions is relevant for future technologies like nanopore sequencing, where long DNA strands are sequenced by being pulled through pores.
A genetic analysis of 3,700 Mexican and U.S. Latino individuals identified a gene variant associated with a 5-fold increase in type 2 diabetes prevalence. The HNF1A gene variant was found to be more common in participants with type 2 diabetes, particularly in Latino patients.
A new benchtop semiconductor sequencing procedure and bioinformatics software tools can detect multiple types of chromosomal abnormalities with high sensitivity and specificity. The noninvasive method uses cell-free fetal DNA and is faster, cheaper, and safer than current procedures.
Researchers have developed a technique to track fetal development by monitoring RNA levels in the blood, revealing insights into gene expression and cellular processes. This approach has potential applications in diagnosing pregnancy complications and detecting diseases like Alzheimer's.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports analyzed the DNA recovered from a relic attributed to Louis XVI and found it did not match his expected genetic profile. The analysis revealed a clear French and Italian component, contradicting historical accounts of Louis XVI's physical appearance.
A new computational tool in Molecular Biology and Evolution helps public health officials investigate disease outbreaks by analyzing genomic data, correctly inferring source cases and transmission clusters. The tool complements traditional epidemiology methods, providing valuable insights into outbreak dynamics.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a technique to identify amino acids, including subtly modified variants, by analyzing electrical activity signals. This breakthrough advances the prospect of clinical protein sequencing and discovery of new biomarkers for diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's.
Researchers found de novo genes in female Drosophila flies that originate from ancestral non-coding DNA sequences. These genes appear to play a role in female reproduction and may have been previously overlooked in favor of male-biased gene expression.
Advanced DNA sequencing technologies have improved the accuracy of measuring inbreeding in wild populations. The study revealed that inbred individuals were more likely to suffer from lung parasite infection, highlighting a potential bigger problem than previously thought.
The study uses genome data from 1490 individuals to identify genetic mixing events between populations, dating back to historical events such as the Mongol Empire. The technique, called 'Globetrotter,' provides insight into past events and may have implications for public health and disease prevention.
The Genomics for Judges seminar, offered by the University of Illinois, aims to educate judges on how genetic information affects court decisions. The two-day course covers DNA sequencing, gene function, and genome analysis, preparing judges to deal with legal questions involving genomics in the courts today and in the future.
A team of researchers at University of Illinois used DNA analysis to clarify the details of the Battle of Raphia, a historic battle between Asian and African elephants. The study found that the Eritrean elephants were actually savanna elephants with low genetic diversity, which is expected for such a small population.
Researchers found that both time and body size significantly impact DNA barcode sequencing success. Larger spiders have a longer shelf life for sequencing, while nondestructive extraction techniques can improve chances of obtaining a sequence from smaller species.
Researchers have created a quicker and more accurate method for assembling genome sequences by measuring DNA segment interactions and using their three-dimensional shape as a guide. This technique has been used to place previously unaccounted for DNA fragments in the human genome, improving genome assembly accuracy.
A new method combines high-throughput DNA sequencing and computer analysis to produce reliable maps describing contacts between genes along individual chromosomes. The results suggest that the arrangement of genes on chromosomes is modular and based on their functions, with active genes exposed at chromosome boundaries.
A UW professor discovered a new possible tick species that infests the noses of Ugandan chimps, suggesting it may be an underappreciated disease carrier. The tick's behavior is thought to be linked to chimp grooming habits, raising concerns about exotic tick populations and global disease spread.
The researchers validated 1,799 sites and predicted an additional 1,782 sites, resulting in a combined list of 3,581 accurate sites. The team gained insights into the model organism's fundamental biology, including patterns of editing and alternative splicing.
Researchers developed a novel robotic camera mount and software to study plant movements across wide panoramas. The technique captures interactions between environment and plants in a single sequence, enabling the visualization of changes over time.
Researchers at Columbia University have won a $5.25 million NIH grant to develop a new single molecule electronic DNA sequencing platform that could reduce genome sequencing costs to $100. The platform uses nucleic acid chemistry, electronics, and protein engineering to sequence DNA in real-time.
A UMass Amherst polymer scientist is working on a four-year, $1.08M grant to develop new ways to control the process of reading precise nucleotide order in DNA chains as they pass through a nanopore. The goal is to create cheaper, faster and more accurate gene sequencing for medical research and healthcare.
The NIH-funded program aims to expand and improve newborn healthcare through genomic sequencing. The four grantees will investigate the use of genome and exome sequencing to diagnose disorders and conditions at birth, as well as their clinical and ethical implications.
A recent study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center has discovered a link between mutations in the BTNL2 gene and an increased risk of developing prostate cancer. The study found that rare variants of this gene are associated with both hereditary and sporadic cases of prostate cancer.
Miao Yu, a chemistry graduate student at University of Chicago, has received an International Predoctoral Student Research Fellowship from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She will receive $43,000 annually for up to three years to support her research on DNA modifications.
Researchers create 'insect soup' by crushing insects and sequencing their DNA, which accelerates biodiversity monitoring and cataloguing. This breakthrough allows for more efficient and reliable detection of endangered species and environmental changes.
Researchers found that 'virus-negative' genital warts can harbor small amounts of more distantly related viruses that escaped previous detection. The study identified 23 new types of HPV and two known sequences, highlighting the diverse pool of previously unknown HPV types infecting humans.
Researchers identified thousands of species, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea, through DNA and RNA sequencing. The findings suggest the lake once connected to the ocean, with marine and freshwater species present.
The DOE JGI has established new partnerships to develop emerging technologies in genomics and single-cell analysis, including scalable DNA synthesis and high-throughput sequencing. These collaborations aim to enhance the Institute's capabilities and support DOE missions related to clean energy and environmental characterization.
A recent study reveals that Europeans are genetically linked over the past thousand years, tracing back to nearly the same set of ancestors. The research found subtle local differences in genetic sequences among European populations.
Researchers identified genetic differences in 27 genes responsible for antigen interactions, inflammation, and gene pathways involved between high and low responders. The study provides insights into developing alternative vaccines for individuals who do not respond effectively to the standard rubella vaccine.
Mercyhurst University has acquired a DNA sequencer, a multi-faceted machine that can identify over one million bacterial or viral species in a gram of soil or drop of water. The machine will be used for various university-driven research projects, including studying bacterial and viral pathogens in Lake Erie waters.
Researchers have developed a new sequencing method that reduces bias in measuring biodiversity by avoiding PCR amplification, allowing for accurate estimation of biomass and identification of species. This method was successfully tested on bulk arthropod samples and identified bacteria and insect species with high accuracy.
Scientists at Arizona State University have discovered an enzyme that allows DNA sequences to be transcribed into a simpler molecule called TNA, which can then be reverse-transcribed back into DNA. This breakthrough offers clues about the origins of genetic code and has potential applications in molecular medicine.
Researchers have developed a novel procedure to isolate DNA from cactus tissue using cactus spines, overcoming challenges posed by polysaccharide-based mucilage content. This method simplifies genetic work and is less invasive than traditional sampling methods.
A study published in BioMed Central's Investigative Genetics journal found that over 80% of game meat samples in South Africa were mislabeled, with some species being substituted almost entirely. The labelling error has implications for animal safety and cultural/religious practices.
USC scientists have developed an algorithm to predict the value of DNA sequencing, which could make it more affordable for clinics. The algorithm uses a model from ecology known as capture-recapture to estimate population sizes, with potential applications in public health, astronomy, and biology.
Researchers explore nano-channels to selectively unknnot DNA, with potential applications in sequencing and understanding cell metabolism. The study reveals varying channel widths can drastically change DNA knot complexity.
Researchers found that identical genetic changes occurred between independently evolving E. coli populations, driven by negative frequency dependence and natural selection. This discovery challenges traditional views of evolution and species diversity.
Researchers sequenced DNA molecules directly without library preparation, using less than one nanogram of DNA. The technique has potential for fast and efficient identification of organisms in hospitals and healthcare settings.
A study by the University of Geneva reveals that colon polyps exhibit a 'mutator' profile associated with increased SNS mutations, leading to accelerated progression to malignancy. Three genes (APC, CTNNB1, and BRAF) are identified as initial causes on the road to cancer.
A £16M initiative will develop ways to improve the sustainability of vital food crops in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The projects aim to increase sustainable crop yields and improve global food security.
Researchers used DNA sequencing to map an MRSA outbreak in a special care baby unit, tracking its spread into the community. The technique allowed for quicker identification and isolation of outbreaks, containing the infection and preventing substantial illness.
Using DNA sequencing, researchers confirmed an ongoing MRSA outbreak in a hospital, identifying the source and extent of the infection. The team linked the outbreak to an unsuspecting carrier and treated them to eradicate the bacteria, preventing further spread.
A team of researchers discovered genetic evidence of blending between Europeans and Asians in ancient Scythian warriors living in the Altai Mountains of Mongolia. The study reveals that local Central Asian populations blended with European lineages due to technological advancements from the Scythian culture.
Researchers sequenced 1092 human genomes from 14 populations to discover more numerous and rarer genetic variations than previously known. This expanded genetic information enables the discovery of rare genetic variants important for understanding population history and disease association studies.
Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna used fruit flies to study adaptation to changing temperatures, finding temporally heterogeneous trajectories of selected alleles. Genetic changes were widespread and rapid, with some genes adapting quickly while others showed little change.
The study analyzed videos of 227 falls from 130 individuals, finding incorrect weight shifting as the most frequent cause. The researchers identified common hazards, such as foot getting caught on tables or chairs, that require attention to prevent future falls.
Researchers are developing a set of solutions using high performance computing to address the challenges of big data in genome research. The BIGDATA toolbox will provide core techniques, parallel algorithms and software libraries to enable researchers to adapt parallel computing techniques to high-throughput DNA sequencing.