Articles tagged with Dna Sequencing
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Scientists have created a genetic catalog of the African diaspora in the Americas, revealing why certain diseases hit those with African ancestry harder. The study found changes in DNA that put Africans at higher risk for diseases, and highlights the importance of understanding population histories to tailor clinical care.
A team of food scientists and microbiologists analyzed microbial populations in kefir using metagenomics, finding correlations between specific bacteria and flavor compounds. The study suggests optimizing production, customizing flavor, and improving health benefits by tweaking the microbial mix.
Researchers from NIST and collaborators suggest a new DNA sequencer based on an electronic nanosensor that can detect tiny motions in single atoms. The device uses a thin film of molybdenum disulfide to store electric charge, allowing for fast and accurate sequencing of DNA bases.
A breakthrough study published in Nature reveals that the fine detail of DNA shape plays a crucial role in distinguishing X chromosome binding sites from other chromosomes. The researchers identified a specific sequence signature called PionX, which is selectively recognized by the dosage compensation complex, enabling gene regulation.
Researchers at LMU Munich have sequenced mitochondrial DNA from museum specimens of rare deer species, refining the evolutionary history of cervids. The study identifies novel relationships among species, including confirmation of a second muntjac species in Borneo and polyphyletic genera in New World deer.
Nottingham researchers demonstrate highly selective DNA sequencing method called Read Until, reducing time needed to analyze biological samples. The technique uses real-time nanopore sequencing and enables analysis of specific DNA strands with pre-determined signatures.
A study suggests that adding DNA sequencing to current newborn screenings can predict the risk of developing CF earlier and improve outcomes. The researchers found that babies with a 5T allele may develop CF later in life, highlighting the need for additional screening.
A team of researchers has sequenced the complete genome of the olive tree, a species domesticated over 6,000 years ago. The findings reveal over 56,000 genes and provide insights into the tree's evolution, longevity, and adaptability to environmental conditions.
A team of scientists has sequenced approximately 200 DNA samples of Plasmodium vivax collected from patients in 11 countries, revealing its genetic diversity and evolution. The study suggests that P. vivax is adapting to regional differences and anti-malarial drugs, making it challenging to eliminate globally.
Researchers have uncovered signatures of historical DNA mixing events in sub-Saharan Africa, shaping the continent's recent genetic history. The study provides insights into admixture events that may contribute to non-communicable and infectious diseases like malaria.
A study found that isolated Cape honeybees in South Africa reproduce asexually, with female workers laying eggs fertilized by their own DNA. This unique behavior is linked to genetic differences at several genes, enabling social parasitism and population survival.
A study of 36 women found nearly all carried cancer-associated gene mutations, suggesting high accuracy and sensitivity for detecting ovarian cancer. Duplex sequencing technology can identify low-frequency cancer-like mutations, potentially leading to early detection and treatment.
New genetic data shows two major changes in prehistoric human populations, linked to the end of the last Ice Age. The data also reveal mixture with Neanderthals and evidence of natural selection removing Neanderthal ancestry.
Researchers are conducting fieldwork and genome sequencing to learn about the declining population of the spot-tailed earless lizard in Central and South Texas. The goal is to quantify population sizes, identify interactions among populations, and assess viability and persistence.
The Channel Island fox population has been found to have a surprising absence of genetic variation, with one population on San Nicolas Island showing an order of magnitude lower variation than any other known species. This near-absence of genetic variation poses a puzzle as to how the foxes have managed to thrive despite it.
Researchers have developed a complete system to sequence DNA in nanopores electronically at single molecule level with single-base resolution. The system uses a protein nanopore array and polymer-tagged nucleotides to perform single molecule electronic DNA sequencing, enabling real-time and parallel sequencing of multiple DNA molecules.
Temperature gradients within pore channels in rock can separate primitive biopolymers based on their sequences, enabling the formation of self-replicating systems. This process is thought to have played a key role in the origin of life.
Researchers found that DNA molecules interact with each other in a way that depends on the sequence of the DNA and epigenetic factors. The team presented direct evidence for sequence-dependent attractive interactions between double-stranded DNA molecules.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have devised a new approach to identify and sequence DNA from cancer cells circulating in the blood, increasing sensitivity by 15 times. The 'integrated digital error suppression' technique builds upon a method called CAPP-Seq, allowing for accurate identification of actionable muta...
Researchers discovered that DNA molecules interact directly with each other based on their sequence and epigenetic factors, suggesting a new mechanism for DNA organization in the cell. The study found that methyl groups play a key role in regulating these interactions, which could impact gene expression and chromosome organization.
A new search function is presented to highlight the world's most undescribed fungi, with the aim of bridging knowledge gaps between fungal taxonomy and molecular ecology. The '50 Most Wanted Fungi' list provides genus-level clusters of fungal DNA sequences with unknown taxonomic affiliation.
A study published at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified over 1,000 gene variants linked to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a serious autoimmune disease. The findings support the potential of precision medicine to improve diagnosis and treatment for SLE, which affects nine times more women than men.
Cadavers are being used to advance genetics education in medical schools, providing real-world scenarios and insights into genetic variants. This approach connects anatomy to genomics, bridging the gap between clinical application and future clinicians' training.
Researchers developed a portable DNA sequencing system to monitor outbreaks, generating sequencing information in under an hour and providing crucial clues to epidemiologists. This technology has vast applications, including cancer research, and can impact response efforts during epidemics.
Researchers at NIST have simulated a new concept for rapid, accurate gene sequencing by pulling DNA through a graphene nanopore and detecting changes in electrical current. The method could identify about 66 million bases per second with 90% accuracy, potentially revolutionizing forensics.
Scientists have confirmed that killer whales in the Pacific Northwest mainly eat Chinook salmon and coho salmon during their summer diet. The study analyzed DNA from feces to estimate the whales' diet composition, providing new insights into their ecological interactions.
A new open-source tool called NanoOK provides comprehensive alignment-based quality control and error profile analysis for the MinION platform. The tool is easily extensible through a Java programming interface and handles metagenomic sampling gracefully.
Scientists successfully extracted and sequenced mitochondrial DNA from black widow spider webs, identifying the spider architect and its prey. The detectability of DNA remained consistent for at least 88 days after living organisms were removed.
The MinION miniature DNA sequencing device has been evaluated by an international consortium, showing consistent good performance and accuracy across five laboratories. The data is freely available for re-analysis and innovation on F1000Research.
Researchers developed a real-time DNA sequencing test that can detect multiple pathogens, including Ebola, Chikungunya, and hepatitis C, using nanopore sequencing technology. The test can be used in scarce lab environments and provides rapid results, cutting the time required for diagnosis to just minutes.
EPFL scientists have developed a method that improves the accuracy of DNA sequencing up to a thousand times by slowing down the process using nanopores and viscous liquids. This breakthrough paves the way for better and cheaper DNA sequencing, enabling scientists to detect mutations and identify different organisms with greater precision.
A team of researchers used DNA barcoding to accurately identify over 13,000 fish eggs collected from the Ellen Browning Scripps Memorial Pier. The study provides a detailed picture of fish spawning patterns and creates a baseline for assessing future changes in spawning due to climate change.
Researchers analyzed copy number variation across 236 genomes from 125 populations to identify patterns of ancestry and genetic subpopulations. DNA deletions are more reflective of selection, while duplications highlight these variations.
A study of 228 butterfly species in the Iberian Peninsula suggests that up to 28% could be entirely new to science, highlighting the need for conservation efforts and genetic identification tools. This DNA analysis will aid in differentiating between morphologically similar species and inform priority conservation strategies.
A recent genetic study has uncovered a previously unknown wave of migration to the Americas, linking Native Americans in the Amazon to indigenous people in Australasia. The research suggests that Population Y, an ancestral group from the ice sheets, contributed to the DNA of today's Amazonians.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have engineered a new version of the gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9, enabling it to target an expanded range of DNA sequences. The new variants show improved specificity, reducing off-target mutations and expanding the potential applications for CRISPR technology.
Researchers used genetic tools to trace illegal ivory back to its source, identifying two primary poaching hotspots in Africa since 2006. The study found that most savanna and forest elephant tusks originated from Tanzania, Mozambique, Gabon, and the Central African Republic.
Scientists developed a predictive tool to identify sequences that can cause mutations, DNA breaks, and diseases in genomes. The tool found 75% of human genes contain R-loop Forming Sequences, with an accuracy of 80-90% in predicting their locations.
A new study has successfully detected epigenetic marks in 29 out of 30 ancient human remains from five North American archaeological sites, spanning over 4,500 years. The findings could provide insights into how past environments affected the physical traits and health of ancient populations.
Researchers found a common genetic link between child prodigies and autism, specifically on chromosome 1. The study identified shared genetic markers in five prodigies and their family members with autism, suggesting a potential genetic component to exceptional abilities.
A new study reveals how tuberculosis took hold in 18th century Europe, using DNA from mummified bodies to show the virus was spread through mixed infections. The research also confirms the genotypic continuity of TB infections across centuries.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne have discovered a new method for DNA sequencing using graphene, a one-atom thick sheet of carbon. This technique promises to improve speed, throughput, reliability and accuracy while reducing costs compared to current methods.
A pocket-sized device has shown potential in disease detection, accurately identifying a range of closely-related bacteria and viruses within six hours. The technology relies on protein 'nanopores' to determine DNA sequences, allowing for faster and more accurate identification of pathogens.
The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC) successfully trialled the MinION portable DNA sequencing device for real-time analysis of environmental samples. The team sequenced complex metagenomic samples, identifying species in real-time using bioinformatics tools Kontaminant and NanoOK.
A recent study refutes claims of an unknown bear type in the Himalayas that inspired yeti legends. Genetic analysis suggests the samples attributed to an unknown species were actually from ordinary Himalayan Brown Bears.
Researchers at Stanford University and the University of Copenhagen have used ancient DNA to identify the ethnic origins of three African-born slaves found in the Caribbean. The study, published in PNAS, marks a significant breakthrough in genealogical research and sheds light on the trans-Atlantic slave trade.
Researchers at Stowers Institute for Medical Research developed a new method to precisely map individual transcription factor binding sites in the genome. The technique, called ChIP-nexus, uses an enzyme to trim back DNA fragments to the spot where transcription factors bind, providing more accurate information than existing methods.
Researchers at KU Leuven developed a simple and effective way to untangle DNA using a 'rolling droplet' technique. The method involves injecting genetic material into a droplet of water and dragging it over a glass plate covered with a sticky polymer, resulting in longer and straighter DNA strands that can be studied under a microscope.
Researchers have developed a new method to store large volumes of data using DNA and silica, which can potentially survive for over a million years. The technique uses an algorithm to correct errors and encases the information-bearing segments of DNA in silica, providing a robust storage solution.
A study found that cell free DNA analysis is less effective than sequential screening for detecting all fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Sequential screening detected an 81.6% success rate and a 4.11% false positive rate, while cell free DNA detection had a lower 68% success rate at a one percent screen positive rate.
Researchers at Scripps Translational Science Institute are using DNA to investigate sudden deaths in San Diego County, aiming to identify genetic mechanisms and develop preventative screening programs. The study hopes to provide closure for families and potentially save lives.
The study characterizes genetic diversity across Sub-Saharan Africa, providing valuable resources for medical researchers. It identifies 30 million genetic variants, including those associated with high blood pressure and infectious diseases like malaria and Lassa fever.
A team of scientists has reconstructed a detailed 'tree of life' for turtles, revealing their closest relatives across the animal kingdom. The study uses next-generation sequencing technologies to refute long-held debates about turtle evolution and places turtles in a new group called 'Archelosauria'.
Researchers at MIT have engineered E. coli bacteria to store long-term analog memory through a 'genomic tape recorder' system. This stable, erasable memory can be used in various applications such as environmental monitoring and biological computing.
The discovery of novel microbial life through genomic technologies has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of Earth's biodiversity. Eddy Rubin proposes a new framework for categorizing microbial life into explored, unexplored, and undiscovered categories.
A new study by CAGEKID consortium reveals a strong connection between kidney cancer and aristolochic acid, an ingredient in herbal remedies. The research found that genetic changes associated with this type of cancer were observed in patients from Romania with high frequency, suggesting exposure to aristolochic acid as a potential cause.
A University of Michigan molecular biologist re-examines data from a controversial study claiming that complete food genes can pass into human blood. The researcher found evidence of contamination in laboratory samples, suggesting that DNA from food and skin microorganisms are present in the same sample tubes.
A new test called trio-CES, which sequences the whole exome of the affected individual and both parents simultaneously, was associated with a significantly higher molecular diagnostic yield (31%) compared to proband-CES (22%). In cases of developmental delay in children, trio-CES had a diagnosis rate of 41% compared to 9% for proband-CES.
University of Illinois researchers use charged graphene to control the movement of DNA through a nanopore, allowing for faster and more accurate DNA sequencing. The study reveals that changing the graphene's charge can stop or speed up DNA movement, and even force it into specific conformations.
A team of researchers has demonstrated a means by which CRISPR/Cas9 can be programmed to recognize and cleave RNA at sequence-specific target sites. This allows for direct RNA transcript detection, analysis and manipulation, paving the way for transformative studies in RNA function.