Articles tagged with Dna Sequencing
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A new DNA analysis revealed that five of nine relic populations of what biologists believed to be greenback cutthroat trout are actually Colorado River cutthroat trout. This study highlights the need for accurate identification and management strategies to conserve the species.
Scientists create whole genome maps of chromatin in embryonic stem cells, revealing a special code that underlies cell identity. The study provides a framework for mapping the complete chromatin landscape of almost any kind of cell.
Researchers at NIST developed arrays of spin valves to trap and manipulate individual biomolecules. The arrays can apply torsional forces strong enough to alter the structure or shape of biomolecules, enabling parallel processing of single molecules.
A new DNA study has identified significant genetic differences among Melanesian populations, tied to their island of origin and language spoken. The research, led by Temple University professor Jonathan Friedlaender, sheds light on the unique diversity of this region.
A DNA study on ancient cave bear teeth found a sudden replacement of the mitochondrial DNA sequence around 28,000 years ago in the Ach Valley. The new genetic group is believed to have originated from neighboring bears who infiltrated the area after human migration and eventually became extinct.
A new DNA sequencing approach allows researchers to analyze ancient ecosystems in just a few hours, providing more accurate and complete information. This breakthrough helps scientists better understand past climates, species decline, and potential causes of extinction.
Scientists have created a quick, inexpensive, and efficient method to extract single DNA molecules and position them in nanoscale troughs or 'slits' for easy analysis and sequencing. This technology promises faster and more efficient genome analysis, potentially leading to customized DNA profiles for patients.
Researchers aim to reduce genome sequencing cost to $1,000 using novel methods and computational tools. Meller's 'Opti-Pore' method uses electrons to decode DNA strands, while Weng focuses on bioinformatics to analyze data.
The study used 454 Sequencing to analyze EGFR gene mutations in lung cancer tumors, detecting genetic variations that can predict patient responsiveness to treatment with EGFR inhibitors. The technology enables accurate molecular diagnosis and may facilitate targeted therapies.
A recent study by Stanford University researchers has discovered that gene transcription enzyme RNAP makes frequent pauses at specific sites on the DNA double helix. The pause durations and frequencies were found to be sequence-dependent, with enzymes pausing at particular sites in response to specific signals in the DNA.
The DOE JGI has completed its 100th microbial genome sequencing, marking a significant achievement in the field of microbiology. This milestone allows researchers to explore and expand their understanding of microorganisms' metabolic profiles and environmental implications.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is building a library of well-characterized RNA sequences for use as external controls in gene expression assays. The sequences will be released to the public domain to ensure broad participation.
The DOE Joint Genome Institute has made groundbreaking discoveries in genomics, including the sequencing of poplar trees, diatoms, and sulfate-reducing bacteria. These findings have far-reaching implications for clean energy, environmental remediation, and carbon management.
A novel software program automatically analyzes spa sequences linked to epidemiological information, triggering alarms for suspected outbreaks. This combination of medical informatics and molecular laboratory techniques can help prevent MRSA outbreaks from expanding into large-scale events.
Researchers have successfully sequenced the DNA of a woolly mammoth, comparing it to African and Indian elephant genomes. The study provides unprecedented insight into the evolution and extinction of the species.
Scientists have developed a method to add larger chemical groups to DNA using enzymes that recognize specific sequences. This technique allows for the manipulation of DNA function and has potential applications in labeling biomolecules such as RNA and proteins.
The University of Arizona and BIO5 Institute have received a $29 million federal grant to sequence the maize genome, enabling faster improvement of agronomically important traits in cereal crops. The goal is to unravel the complete DNA sequence of the maize plant and determine its genetic makeup.
A study published in Science reveals the vast potential of small RNAs in regulating gene expression, with over 77,000 unique small RNAs identified in Arabidopsis plants. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding small RNA function and regulation, which may also contribute to cancer diagnostics.
A new study in PLoS Biology confirms the genetic link between Polynesians and indigenous Taiwanese populations, revealing three unique mitochondrial DNA mutations. The findings suggest that Taiwanese aboriginal populations have been genetically isolated from mainland Chinese for 10,000 to 20,000 years.
DOE JGI scientists have overcome major challenges to sequence DNA from ancient cave bear specimens, yielding 40,000-year-old genomic data. The breakthrough enables comparison with modern brown bears and polar bears, shedding light on human predecessors.
Researchers at Oregon State University have used X-ray crystallography to determine the three-dimensional structures of nearly all possible sequences of a macromolecule, creating a map of DNA structure. This breakthrough should fundamentally improve our understanding of genetic function and biological processes.
Leroy Hood is being honored with the 2004 Biotechnology Heritage Award for his groundbreaking work in systems biology and medicine. He pioneered the techniques that enabled the rapid sequencing of the human genome, revolutionizing genomics.
A computer scientist at Washington University in St. Louis has developed a novel technique to extract more DNA from a single sequence reaction, reducing both cost and time of the sequencing process. The approach uses software that sorts through genetic information and finds predicted sequences, with 59% of predicted genes verified as e...
A new hypothesis on the origin of 'junk' DNA proposes that smaller population sizes in eukaryotes lead to a weakening of natural selection's potency, allowing extraneous genetic sequences to accumulate. This theory suggests that genetic drift is responsible for preserving junk DNA and other extraneous genetic sequences in organisms.
Researchers use unzipping force analysis of protein association (UFAPA) to study protein-DNA interactions, predicting applications in genomic sequencing and drug development.
Researchers from Field Museum and American Museum of Natural History analyze museum specimens to understand genetic variation of the Northeastern Beach Tiger Beetle. They discover more genetic variation across historical range, suggesting human impacts led to fragmentation of populations.
Researchers extract biochemical information from fossil bones, avoiding errors associated with morphology, to compare ancient and modern species. The study reveals the survivability of osteocalcin protein in fossil bones, paving the way for new insights into evolutionary relationships.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a DNA separation method using entropic force, which offers better resolution than traditional methods. The new technique uses a nanofabricated device to separate DNA strands of different lengths, with the potential to improve genetic analysis and gene expression studies.
Scientists at the University of Warwick have created a large synthetic molecule that binds to the major groove of DNA, causing it to coil up and resembling how chromosomes package DNA. This breakthrough could enable precise control over gene expression and improve treatments for diseases by delivering drugs directly to specific cells.
Researchers at University of Houston develop new direct molecular sensing technology for rapid genetic information sequencing, potentially saving lives in bioterrorism attacks. The technology could also enable personalized medicine by tailoring treatments to an individual's unique genetic makeup.
A comprehensive study of flamingo genes reveals a shocking family tree, with the elegant flamingo's closest relative being the squat grebe. The study's findings suggest that physical features like long legs and webbed feet evolved repeatedly in aquatic bird species, contradicting traditional classification systems.
A comprehensive analysis of aquatic bird genes reveals that flamingos are closely related to grebes, contrary to their physical appearance. The study suggests that evolutionary change occurred at a faster pace than previously recognized, with physical features evolving repeatedly in different species.
Researchers followed women with advanced disease to see which HIV variants remain after HAART. They found that R5 viruses can re-emerge as the predominant population following treatment.
A study by Dr. Dallas Swallow and colleagues found that the lactase gene was shaped by two evolutionary periods: one before and one after fresh milk became available. The researchers discovered that genetic diversity in non-African populations is lower than in Africans, suggesting a loss of genetic variation due to random fluctuations ...
Researchers at U.S. Geological Survey and University of Denver have identified a new bird species, the Gunnison sage-grouse, through DNA analysis and genetic research. The study confirms the species' distinctiveness from the Greater sage-grouse and highlights concerns about its low genetic diversity and population decline.
Scientists have identified a new species of right whale in the North Pacific Ocean, which is genetically distinct from other populations. The discovery was made using DNA analysis of historical specimens and suggests that there may be fewer than 300 individuals remaining in this population.
Researchers have identified three recurrent BRCA1 mutations in Polish breast-ovarian cancer families, suggesting founder mutations. These mutations, 5382insC, C61G, and 4153delA, account for 82% of the study's findings, enabling more efficient screening and diagnosis.
A new study has revealed that Italian wolves have maintained a pure population despite facing threats such as competition for food and space. The researchers analyzed mitochondrial DNA samples from over 100 Italian wolves, finding unique sequences that indicate the species has remained genetically distinct from feral dogs.
Researchers found that suppressing natural fires harms Northern Idaho ground squirrels, isolating them into shrinking groups where non-native plants overtake fire-resistant seed-laden grasses. The biologists propose two solutions: restoring habitat and reintroducing controlled fires to restore native vegetational structure.
Researchers found a near-100% loss of hatchlings due to predation and lack of migration between two forest preserves. The study suggests genetic isolation and potential extinction threats for the Illinois population.
A new census of mountain gorillas in Uganda's Impenetrable Forest has yielded 292 individual gorillas from 28 groups, with the help of survey techniques developed in the Virunga Conservation Area. The results will inform a regional plan of action to conserve these endangered populations.
Researchers found immense microbial diversity in Amazonian forests and soils, with new bacteria discovered. Deforestation alters soil properties, leading to differences in microbial populations.