The pharmaceutical industry's focus on high-income markets is hindering access to essential drugs in less-developed countries, where millions lack access to life-saving medications. Voluntary licensing arrangements and freer trade could improve access to patented drugs, according to experts.
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute report that antibodies can kill bacteria through the production of hydrogen peroxide, which also leads to the formation of ozone. This discovery opens up possibilities for new antibody-mediated therapies for conditions ranging from bacterial and viral infections to cancer.
Researchers found that incorporating standard appliances, real plants, and natural materials can create a comfortable environment for residents. The study recommends varying counter heights and using side-by-side refrigerators to accommodate different needs.
A new study documents the unique ways women overcome substance abuse, challenging earlier research that assumed a single path to recovery. Women's experiences highlight the importance of self-discovery and addressing underlying issues like domestic violence and low self-esteem.
Researchers at UCL create first laboratory-generated deep and intermediate focus earthquakes, recreating extreme pressure and temperature conditions. The study reveals dehydration reactions as the cause of these enigmatic earthquakes, which can occur hundreds of kilometers below the Earth's surface.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh found that KSHV, a known carcinogenic virus, inhibits immune function and causes cancerous cells to grow through a hormone-like substance called vIL-6. This discovery reveals an overlap between the immune system and tumor suppressor pathways targeted by KSHV.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a plumbing system for microfluidic chips using dielectrophoresis, allowing for efficient movement and mixing of tiny droplets. The system uses electrostatic attraction to divide water into dozens of droplets and position them on a chip for diagnostic tests.
Researchers grew a molecular film on liquid mercury, discovering four distinct patterns as molecules assemble. The study paves the way for controlling film growth and tailoring materials for nanoelectronics and nanosensor technology.
A new model developed by Emory University researchers suggests that targeted smallpox vaccinations could be an effective intervention against deliberate attacks. The study found that rapid response and targeted vaccination strategies can significantly reduce the spread of smallpox, particularly when pre-existing immunity is considered.
A new study led by Alan Scott found that screening men for aortic aneurysms can significantly reduce aneurysm-related deaths. The Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study showed a relative risk reduction of around 50% among screened men, with a corresponding decrease in absolute risk.
The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) has recorded the Sun's influence on ozone and atmospheric gases over an 11-year solar cycle. The complete dataset provides key measurements toward understanding natural and man-made influences on ozone.
Researchers suggest that vaccinating 'first responders' and allowing people to be vaccinated if they choose could increase the effectiveness of vaccination efforts. Targeted vaccination was found to prevent more cases per dose of vaccine, especially when delayed until multiple cases had been detected.
Patrick Harran, associate professor of biochemistry at UT Southwestern Medical Center, has won the AstraZeneca Excellence in Chemistry Award for his discovery of a synthetic alternative to an anticancer compound. His research reveals that the initial structure reported for the natural product was incorrect.
Researchers have identified a gene called takeout that plays a key role in controlling the sex drive of male fruit flies. Takeout is regulated by sex-specific forms of the master gene regulators DSX and FRU, and its expression in the head is required for normal courtship behavior.
A study of 189 older mothers (60+ years) found they are most ambivalent towards adult children who don't achieve financial independence. The mothers reported closer relationships with their daughters, but also the most conflict, as they require more emotional support.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research explores the relationship between alcoholism and serotonin. Researchers found that a specific drug probe did not elicit a hormonal response in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects, suggesting alternative explanations for the connection between serotonin and alcohol depen...
Research suggests that moderate drinking during pregnancy may cause subtle, long-lasting cognitive problems in offspring. Studies found that adult rodent offspring of mothers who consumed low to moderate amounts of alcohol during pregnancy had impaired spatial learning and reduced synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.
Researchers reveal the role of chaperone proteins in fiber assembly, leading to potential breakthroughs in treating urinary tract infections. The study provides insight into how disease-causing bacteria build and secrete proteins that enable them to cause disease.
A study comparing two short screening instruments for alcohol-use disorders found that the Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen (RAPS4) is more effective than the CAGE questionnaire, particularly among women and ethnic minorities. The RAPS4-QF variant performed significantly better in identifying alcohol abuse across all gender and service-ut...
Researchers have found that Cdk4 expression is essential for Ras-induced cancer development, making it a potential target for therapy. Dr. Hiroaki Kiyokawa and colleagues showed that Cdk4-deficient cells can enter a protective state of senescence when exposed to oncogenes like Ras.
Researchers extract biochemical information from fossil bones, avoiding errors associated with morphology, to compare ancient and modern species. The study reveals the survivability of osteocalcin protein in fossil bones, paving the way for new insights into evolutionary relationships.
A K-State microbiologist has developed a new instrument called the PULSIFIER to detect bacteria and pathogens in food samples without breaking them down. The device shakes pathogens into the liquid instead of pulverizing the food, resulting in cleaner samples that are easier to analyze.
Researchers study soccer heading to understand cognitive decline and long-term brain damage risks. The study found linear accelerations of 15-20 G's and angular accelerations of 1,000-2,000 radians per second squared, values below established injury thresholds.
A UCI research team will study the chemistry of water-air interaction, shedding light on air pollution and atmospheric chemistry in Southern California. The five-year project involves international collaborations and will incorporate experiments and theory to understand dissolved particles and gas interactions.
Researchers found that teen-age girls with a history of depression display enhanced alpha activity in the brain, indicating a consistent abnormality. A family history of alcoholism is associated with beta activity in a different region, suggesting potential biological markers for liability to alcoholism or depression.
Researchers at UVA have identified a gene called RhoGDI2 that plays a crucial role in preventing the spread of cancer. The study found that replacing this gene in human metastatic cancer cells can suppress their ability to metastasize, suggesting new therapeutic options for treating metastatic disease.