Articles tagged with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study found that social disruption in monkeys infected with simian AIDS virus accelerates disease progression. Monkeys separated from familiar companions experienced faster development of AIDS, highlighting the impact of psychosocial factors on immunodeficiency disease.
Researchers have created a laboratory model of AIDS by infecting tonsil tissue with HIV. The model reveals that changes in the virus's properties lead to immune system deterioration and supports the idea that environmental factors contribute to AIDS development.
Researchers found a significant association between clinic experience and survival of women with AIDS, with 71% of patients in high-experience clinics surviving 21 months after diagnosis. The study suggests that physicians who treat a certain illness more frequently may do it better, especially in HIV management.
A novel diagnostic technique uses isotope mass spectrometry to measure T cell proliferation rates in AIDS patients, allowing physicians to establish the proper time for medication and optimal treatment. The technology holds promise for optimizing AIDS therapy and diagnosing other conditions.
Researchers at UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco have developed a diagnostic technique that measures T-cell production rates in patients with AIDS. The study found that potent protease inhibitor treatments can increase T-cell production, suggesting new treatment options for patients.
Researchers have developed a new diagnostic technique to measure T cell proliferation rates in AIDS patients, revealing that the body's capacity to form new cells is key to T cell counts. The technique allows for personalized treatment optimization and real-time disease monitoring.
A national survey by MTV and Yale University finds that nearly 9 out of 10 young people (87%) believe they are invulnerable to getting the AIDS virus, despite high-risk behaviors such as unprotected sex. The study highlights a need for accurate health information and education, particularly among marginalized groups.
Researchers found that combining ganciclovir eye implants with oral ganciclovir reduces the risk of new CMV disease, Kaposi's sarcoma, and extraocular complications in AIDS patients. The study also showed a delay in median survival time among those receiving combined therapy.
Researchers develop novel approach to block HIV virus from invading white blood cells, potentially treating AIDS patients with genetic modification and reinfusion of immune-boosting lymphocytes. This strategy may provide a new paradigm for HIV treatment, protecting cells from infection rather than inhibiting replication.
Researchers have discovered that HIV can invade cells within any female reproductive tract organ, increasing the risk of infection. The study's findings suggest that vaccine development and disease prevention should aim to confer protection throughout the entire tract.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine report a test that counts AIDS viruses in blood can identify infected infants and extend their lives by starting treatment early. The test shows within a month after birth whether a baby born to an HIV-positive mother is also infected, allowing for prompt intervention.
Researchers have found that cidofovir, a new antiviral drug, can slow the progression of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, a common cause of vision loss and blindness in AIDS patients. The study showed that both low and high doses of the drug were effective, allowing for less frequent treatment compared to traditional options.
Researchers found a three-drug combination of indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine significantly reduces AIDS symptoms and prolongs patient survival compared to two-drug combinations. The study enrolled 1,156 participants and showed a 45% reduction in disease progression events.
The new Moore Options program uses AIDS specialists as primary care providers and coordinators, focusing on complex patient needs. Published studies show improved outcomes and lower costs for patients treated by experienced care providers.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a link between nitric oxide levels and the severity of AIDS dementia. The study found that high levels of nitric oxide synthase in the brains of patients with advanced HIV infection led to brain cell destruction, affecting 20% of those affected.
Emory University researchers identified a subpopulation of HIV-infected infants with a thymic-defect profile, characterized by low CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts. These high-risk infants were found to develop AIDS symptoms sooner and have increased mortality rates compared to those without the profile.