Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
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A large retrospective cohort study found that thiazolidinedione use may increase the risk of diabetic macular edema (DME) at 1-year and 10-year follow-up evaluations. The association was strongest among patients taking thiazolidinediones in combination with insulin.
In a pilot study, patients with type 2 diabetes who used Almased, a protein-rich meal replacement, lost weight and gained better blood sugar control. After 12 weeks, average insulin doses decreased from 147 to 65 units per day and HbA1c levels dropped by 7.7%.
A new study found that early and aggressive glucose-lowering treatment can significantly reduce the risk of progression to diabetes in people with prediabetes. The research analyzed data from over 3,000 patients who experienced periods of normal glucose regulation, revealing a 56% reduction in diabetes risk.
Fruit flies developed insulin resistance by overloading on carbs and protein, mimicking Type 2 diabetes. The flies' lifespan shortened and fertility decreased with both diets, offering a new model for studying human disease.
A new study from the University of Exeter has identified a genetic predisposition to Type 2 diabetes in lean patients, contradicting the long-held assumption that obesity is the primary cause. The study found that genetic variants near the LAMA1 gene are linked to type 2 diabetes risk only in lean patients.
Researchers at Yale University found that intensively controlling glucose levels did not definitively reduce the risk of impaired kidney function, dialysis, or death from kidney disease. The study suggests that patients may not be better off with this approach and questions the benefits of aggressive glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes
A new study published in Population Health Management projects that 53.1 million Americans will have diabetes by 2025, a 64% increase from 2010. The Diabetes 2025 Model can estimate the impact of lifestyle changes and interventions on reducing diabetes burden.
A study in mice found a connection between obesity and elevated blood sugar levels, potentially leading to new treatments for Type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that targeting glucagon, a pancreas-produced hormone, may be an effective pathway to lowering sugar levels.
A two-year study found that a high-fat diet improved glycaemic control and increased 'good' cholesterol in patients with Type 2 diabetes. The low-carbohydrate group experienced significant weight loss and reduced blood sugar levels, while the low-fat group showed minimal improvements despite similar weight loss.
Researchers have identified significant differences in how diabetes affects Asian populations, including unique markers for type 1 diabetes diagnosis. The study highlights the need for culturally sensitive care, tailored treatment guidelines, and expanded education programs.
The 'From Clinic to Community' project aims to improve health outcomes for at-risk populations in Southeastern US counties. It combines modern technology with community-based healthcare professionals to address the triple aim of better outcomes, better care, and lower cost.
Researchers have found that levels of certain proteins in the blood are associated with a greatly reduced risk for developing Type 2 diabetes. High levels of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were linked to a significant reduction in diabetes risk, suggesting these proteins may help stratify people at risk for diabetes.
A combination of two diabetes drugs, metformin and rosiglitazone, was more effective in treating youth with recent-onset type 2 diabetes than metformin alone. The study found that adding intensive lifestyle intervention to metformin provided no additional benefit.
A joint study by Group Health Research Institute and Bastyr University found that type 2 diabetes patients receiving naturopathic care had lower blood-sugar levels and improved moods. Naturopathic physicians provided counseling on diet, exercise, and stress management to add to conventional care.
A study comparing sleeve gastrectomy with medical treatment found that bariatric surgery was effective in achieving diabetes remission, particularly for those with short-term type 2 diabetes. In contrast, conventional medical therapy did not lead to significant improvements in diabetes-related outcomes.
A study by BUSM researchers has identified a gene called GPS2 that plays a critical role in regulating inflammatory response and homeostasis. Increasing GPS2 levels was found to impair the response to TNF-alpha, resulting in a decreased inflammatory response.
A French research team analyzed data from over 13,000 patients to investigate the long-term effects of metformin. The study found no significant impact on mortality or cardiovascular risk with metformin compared to other drugs.
A new study has found that consuming a vitamin D-fortified yogurt drink can improve inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes, reducing the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Additionally, extra calcium in the fortified drink may confer additional anti-inflammatory benefits.
The study found that weight loss and improved fitness nearly halved the risk of losing mobility in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Weight loss was a stronger predictor of better mobility than improved fitness, contributing significantly to the observed reduction in risk.
A study published in NEJM shows that bariatric surgery dramatically improves type 2 diabetes remission rates, with 95% of patients undergoing BPD achieving remission and 75% of those receiving RYGB. The study's authors suggest that the mechanisms behind the surgery are key to improving diabetes control.
A study found bariatric surgery to be superior to intensive medical management in achieving glycemic control and weight loss for obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. The surgery resulted in a significant reduction of medications and improved glycemic control after one year.
A new study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that men with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin without a history of cardiovascular disease are at higher risk for major cardiovascular events. The study showed an accelerated rate of new cardiovascular events in these patients, with a 16% rate over four years.
A study published in PNAS reveals that a deficiency of Mitofusin 2 protein causes insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mice, highlighting its potential as a target for treating type 2 diabetes. The researchers also note that the protein plays a crucial role in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis.
A new NIH study finds that programs to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in high-risk adults can improve quality of life, reduce healthcare costs, and result in significant savings over time. Lifestyle interventions and metformin treatment were found to be cost-effective options for preventing type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found that lowering the HbA1c cutoff from 6.4% to 5.7% increases the health benefits of preventive interventions, while also being cost-effective with a higher threshold.
Cedars-Sinai researchers identified the mechanism that leads to interleukin-1beta production, a major contributor to inflammation in conditions like atherosclerotic heart disease and strokes. This discovery could lead to treatments that prevent its production, resulting in more effective medications for inflammatory diseases.
A University of Leicester study found that long periods of sitting increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in women, with higher levels of insulin and inflammatory chemicals detected in sedentary individuals. The research highlights the importance of reducing sitting time for women to prevent chronic disease.
A study published in Stroke found that long-term diabetics are at a higher risk of stroke, with the risk increasing by 3% each year and tripling for those with diabetes for 10 years or more. The study highlights the chronic nature of diabetes and its impact on blood vessels over time.
A new study published in The Lancet shows that TAK-875, a novel oral medication, significantly improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. The results suggest that targeting free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) may be a viable therapeutic target for treating type 2 diabetes.
TAK-875, a novel oral medication, enhances insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, improving blood sugar control and lowering the risk of hypoglycemia. The study showed significant reductions in HbA1c levels across all TAK-875 doses, with higher efficacy rates compared to glimepiride.
A Mayo Clinic study found no link between prediabetes and diabetic polyneuropathy, suggesting alternative explanations for nerve damage. The five-year study tested nearly 550 people and concluded that impaired glucose does not cause polyneuropathy at high frequency.
A large-scale study found that young urban Sri Lankans have a high prevalence of risk factors for type 2 diabetes, including raised BMI and physical inactivity. The research highlights the need for early intervention and preventive strategies to address this growing public health concern.
Researchers identify FoxO1 as critical for diabetic cardiomyopathy development, suggesting a promising therapeutic target. Activation of FoxO1 in mice with type 2 diabetes models triggers cardiomyopathy, highlighting the need for new treatments to address this leading cause of death in diabetics.
A large-scale genetic screening of over 17,000 individuals with Type 2 diabetes and 70,000 control subjects identified nearly 40 gene variants associated with the disease. The study found that many gene variants overlap across multiple ethnic groups, providing new insights into the biological targets for developing more effective drugs.
A specific daily serving goal of low-glycemic-index foods significantly improved dietary habits among people with Type 2 diabetes. Participants who set a higher individualized goal and felt more committed showed better results in reaching the goal.
The American College of Physicians recommends metformin as the initial drug treatment for most patients with type 2 diabetes who have failed lifestyle modifications. Additionally, a study found that women are more likely to experience complications after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) placement compared to men. Meanwhile,...
Researchers at CRCHUM made a key discovery about insulin secretion regulation in the body, which has important implications for treating Type 2 diabetes. The study mapped the pathway that glucose stimulates to produce insulin and identified genetic processes involved.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) endorses the use of metformin as the initial treatment for most patients with type 2 diabetes, especially when lifestyle modifications have failed. The guideline also advises adding a second drug to metformin when necessary.
A recent study published in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that intermittent exercise with low oxygen concentrations significantly improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Exercise under hypoxic conditions provides greater improvements than intermittent exercise alone.
Researchers found 40 rare melatonin receptor mutations that increase diabetes risk nearly sevenfold. The study highlights the importance of genome sequencing in personalizing treatment for diabetic patients.
A new genetic study has found a strong link between the body clock hormone melatonin and type 2 diabetes. Carrying rare genetic mutations in the MT2 gene increases a person's risk of developing type 2 diabetes six times, suggesting a direct link between melatonin regulation and insulin release.
Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center identified two novel markers that can predict renal failure in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, ten years in advance. High concentrations of TNFR1 and TNFR2 accurately predict the risk of renal function loss.
Heavy coffee drinkers have a lower risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, with four cups daily reducing the risk by 50%, and every additional cup by 7%. Coffee's beneficial effects may be attributed to compounds blocking human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) misfolding.
Researchers analyzed 28 studies on real-world lifestyle interventions for type 2 diabetes prevention and found a significant average weight loss of 4% after one year. The cost-effectiveness of these programs was shown to be comparable to the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial, making them a viable option for preventing diabetes.
Research reveals that a poor maternal diet can affect fat storage in later life, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and other age-related diseases. The team identified a molecule called miR-483-3p as the key player in this process, which suppresses a protein called GDF3.
A new form of occupational hazard is emerging among shift workers, as unhealthy eating patterns exacerbate the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The authors suggest that workplaces must lead the way in eliminating this hazard by promoting healthier habits and making it easier to eat well.
A new study reveals altered insulin signaling in the pancreas of Type 2 diabetics, resulting in a decrease in beta cell production and quality. The distorted signals disrupt the replication process of beta cells, leading to a major defect in insulin secretion.
A new study found that exercising at a very high intensity, but for just 30 minutes a week, can lower blood sugar concentrations and reduce post-meal spikes. This short, high-intensity training regimen increased skeletal mitochondrial capacity, a marker of metabolic health.
A large study published in PLOS Medicine has found a positive association between rotating night shift work and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women. The study, which analyzed data from over 230,000 women, suggests that long duration of shift work may also be associated with greater weight gain.
Women who worked rotating night shifts were found to have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, with longer working periods associated with greater risk. The study also found that weight gain contributed to this increased risk.
A recent study found that low vitamin D levels are significantly more prevalent in obese children and associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Poor dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and increased soda and juice intake were also linked to lower vitamin D levels.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified a critical diagnostic marker that differentiates type 1 from type 2 diabetes in young Asian Americans, highlighting the importance of insulin resistance. The study also found physical differences in Asian patients with diabetes that should inform treatment recommendations.
A low-calorie diet has been shown to improve heart function and eliminate insulin dependence in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. After four months of caloric restriction, pericardial fat decreased and E/A ratio improved, with effects persisting long-term despite weight regain.
A team of Michigan State University scientists has discovered that certain body parts are more sensitive to environmental changes than others. The research, led by Alexander Shingleton, uses fruit flies to study the genetics of body growth and development.
A study from Lund University has discovered a molecular link between type 2 diabetes and cancer, highlighting the role of the TCF7L2-p53-p53INP1 pathway in protecting pancreatic beta cells. The risk variant of TCF gene is common and linked to both diabetes and certain types of cancer.
The Arizona State University-led initiative aims to identify molecular markers for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk, with the goal of predicting heart attack risk and assessing potential new treatments. The project will use proteomics and mass spectrometry technology to discover and validate biomarkers.
A study found that Pyridorin, a vitamin B6 derivative, helps patients with mild diabetic kidney disease, but does not benefit those with more advanced kidney disease. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is expected to double by 2030, making new therapies like Pyridorin crucial in preventing kidney failure and saving lives.
A study by Roman Pfister and colleagues found a potentially causal link between low B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) hormone levels and the development of type 2 diabetes. The researchers suggest that BNP may be a promising target for interventions aimed at preventing type 2 diabetes.
A study by Rice University biochemist Michael Stern suggests a possible link between Type 2 diabetes and autism due to impaired glucose tolerance and hyperinsulinemia. This common underlying mechanism may lead to the development of new treatments for autistic children, including low-carbohydrate diets.
Researchers identify broccoli-based compound as potential therapeutic for COPD, and discover the protective role of TLR6 in reducing asthma severity. Additionally, a signaling pathway linking high blood glucose to platelet hyperreactivity is defined, offering new targets for therapeutics.