Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
The DURATION-2 study found that once-weekly exenatide improved HbA1c levels by 1.5% compared to 0.9% for sitagliptin and 1.2% for pioglitazone, with significant weight loss in the exenatide group. The findings suggest that exenatide should be considered as an adjunct to metformin for improving glucose control and weight loss.
The Lancet Editorial emphasizes the need for low-cost and easy-to-implement interventions to address the global type 2 diabetes epidemic. The campaign led by Michelle Obama's Let's Move initiative promotes a three-component approach: nutrition, activity, and children.
Diabetes prevalence is set to double by 2030 in sub-Saharan Africa due to rapid urbanization and lifestyle changes. Implementing national diabetes prevention programs involving multiple sectors is crucial to address this public health issue.
A new diabetes drug, dapagliflozin, has been shown to improve blood sugar control in patients who have inadequate control with metformin. The drug acts independently of insulin, promotes excretion of glucose in the urine, and is associated with weight loss and low risk of hypoglycaemia.
A randomized study found that inhaled insulin plus insulin glargine achieved similar blood sugar control as twice-daily premixed biaspart insulin, with less weight gain and hypoglycemia. The treatment also showed a better safety profile, with fewer cough and lung function issues.
Children of mothers with high blood sugar during pregnancy are more likely to have low insulin sensitivity, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Obesity does not account for the association, and children exposed to high maternal blood sugar levels in the womb also exhibit exaggerated insulin secretion after meals.
A new study found that low vitamin D levels are associated with poor blood sugar control in patients with Type 2 diabetes. The research, presented at The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting, suggests that vitamin D supplementation may improve health outcomes for this prevalent condition.
A new study by Columbia University researchers found that bariatric surgery significantly improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic adults, even with equal weight loss compared to a low-calorie diet. The study suggests hormonal changes may be responsible for the improvements, paving the way for further medical therapies.
Eating five or more servings of white rice per week was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Replacing it with brown rice or other whole grains lowered the risk by 16% and 36% respectively.
A study of 39,765 men and 157,463 women found that consuming five or more servings of white rice per week increases diabetes risk by 17%, whereas eating two or more servings of brown rice per week reduces the risk by 11%. Replacing white rice with brown rice daily could lower diabetes risk by 16%.
A new Tel Aviv University study found that Type 2 diabetes doubles the risk of female genital and other cancers. The study recommends screening for colon cancer earlier and more often for diabetic women to save lives.
A study published in The Lancet found that low-dose combination therapy of rosiglitazone and metformin can stop people progressing to type 2 diabetes, with a relative risk reduction of 66% compared to placebo. This strategy could target populations at-risk of diabetes.
Research found that sarcopenia, low skeletal muscle mass and strength, is associated with insulin resistance and high blood-sugar levels in both obese and non-obese individuals. Muscle mass and strength are crucial in preventing type 2 diabetes.
A study of 125,126 Swedish citizens with type 2 diabetes found an increased risk of 24 types of cancer, with the highest rates for pancreatic and liver cell cancers. The researchers also discovered a lower risk of prostate cancer among diabetics with a family history of the disease.
Women with type 2 diabetes who consumed more whole grains and bran had a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease and all causes. The study found that high bran intake reduced the risk by 35% for CVD mortality and 28% for overall mortality.
A study found that individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes gain significantly more weight after consuming excess calories compared to those without such a history. Insulin resistance, a precursor to the disease, was also observed in the genetically prone group.
Researchers discovered insulin's properties reduce inflammation in fat tissue, a key factor in developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Identifying the inflammatory molecule IL-6 and protein PKCdelta improved understanding of signalling mechanisms that can lead to medicines to reduce inflammation and related disorders.
A new study found that PARL protein levels decline with age, contributing to muscle defects and insulin resistance. The researchers suggest increasing PARL levels may bring metabolic benefits, potentially leading to a new drug target for age-related diseases.
The Biodesign Institute project seeks to discover and validate molecular signs to predict who will develop diabetes before symptoms appear. By analyzing blood samples from over 700 patients, researchers hope to identify new biomarkers that can identify those at risk for developing diabetes and heart disease.
Researchers found that men with metabolic syndrome had twice as low blood H2S levels as lean men, while those with diabetes had four times lower levels. This reduction in H2S was associated with higher blood pressure, increased insulin resistance and damage to small blood vessels.
A new study published in The Lancet found that injected liraglutide is more effective than oral sitagliptin at controlling blood glucose levels in people with type 2 diabetes who have inadequate control on standard treatment metformin. Liraglutide was well tolerated with minimal risk of hypoglycaemia.
A study found that healthy children from South Asian and African-Caribbean groups in the UK showed increased precursors of diabetes risk, similar to adult disparities. Researchers observed these patterns in children as young as 9 and 10 years old, suggesting ethnic differences persist into childhood.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism found that modest weight loss can reverse many of the damaging changes seen in immune cells of obese people. This reversal is achieved through an 80% reduction of pro-inflammatory T-helper cells and reduced activation of other circulating immune cells.
A new Europe-wide strategy for preventing type 2 diabetes has been developed, recommending lifestyle changes such as weight loss and increased physical activity to prevent the disease. The guidelines aim to halve the incidence of type 2 diabetes by implementing evidence-based prevention programs across European countries.
A recent study found two genetic regions associated with lower birth weight, one of which is also linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The research analyzed over 38,000 Europeans and showed that individuals with a specific gene variant were 25% more likely to develop diabetes if they had low birth weight.
An international expert group recommends individualized treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes, citing the need to address underlying physiological and genetic differences. The recommendations aim to improve glycemic control, minimize risk, and reduce diabetes complications by tailoring therapies to specific patient subgroups.
Research shows that initiating type 2 diabetes screening in the US population at ages 30-45 and repeating it every 3-5 years is cost-effective. This approach can prevent heart attacks, diabetes-related microvascular complications, and improve quality of life while keeping costs below $10,500 per quality-adjusted life-year.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have identified a new strategy to treat type 2 diabetes by activating a cellular pathway that fails in obese individuals. The approach normalizes blood glucose levels in severely obese and diabetic mice, suggesting potential benefits for human treatment.
Researchers delayed onset of type 2 diabetes in rats by relocating a portion of the small intestine, identifying biochemical changes that may contribute to this effect. The study's findings suggest bariatric surgery may improve type 2 diabetes without relying on weight loss.
The University of Copenhagen is set to establish a leading international research center for basic metabolic research, thanks to a historic $160 million donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation. The Center will conduct research into Type 2 diabetes and other lifestyle diseases, aiming to make a significant impact on global health trends.
Researchers found that an experimental oral drug lowered blood sugar levels and reduced inflammatory proteins in diabetic mice. The study suggests that targeting the MIF protein could be a viable therapeutic approach to treating Type 2 diabetes.
The ACCORD trial showed that targeting normal systolic blood pressure levels did not significantly reduce the risk of fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease events. Treating multiple lipids with combination drug therapy also did not provide additional benefits over treatment with statin alone.
Researchers at McMaster University found that interval training can be an effective and time-efficient way to reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes. The study involved eight to 12 one-minute bouts of exercise with rest intervals, resulting in a total of 20-25 minutes per session.
Researchers discovered mitochondrial protein and gene anomalies in young obese subjects with type 2 diabetes, leading to insulin resistance and reduced physical exercise response. The study highlights the need for specific treatments for each patient subtype.
A new study by Duke University Medical Center scientists identifies a mechanism linking meal anticipation to Type 2 diabetes. Ankyrin-B gene mutation impairs insulin secretion, increasing blood sugar levels.
A study of over 19,500 Chinese participants found that frequent napping is associated with a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose. The observed associations were unaltered even after removing participants with potential health issues, suggesting that napping may increase the risk of diabetes.
Researchers found that patients with type-2 diabetes struggled with impulse control, particularly resisting high-fat food cues. Cognitive impairment of impulsivity control was the primary explanation for this inability, contributing to chronic lifestyle-related diseases.
A recent study published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that women with type 2 diabetes who take thiazolidinediones are at a higher risk for developing bone fractures. Women over 65 years old were shown to be particularly susceptible, with a 50% increased risk after one year of treatment.
African American women living in neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic status are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. The study found a direct link between neighborhood environment and risk for the disease, with even well-educated women affected.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have made significant discoveries about Type 2 diabetes in young adults, shedding light on muscle cell mechanisms that contribute to severe insulin resistance. The study's findings may lead to the development of more targeted treatments for young people with Type 2 diabetes.
Patients with type 2 diabetes who experience subtle brain damage may be at risk of progressive kidney disease and kidney failure, according to a new study. Diabetic patients with silent cerebral infarction were nearly five times more likely to develop serious kidney disease than those without.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that patients with depression are at a 36% higher risk of developing advanced micro-vascular complications, such as end-stage kidney disease or blindness. Depression is also linked to a 25% higher risk of macrovascular complications, including stroke and heart attack.
Research finds that intensive glucose control can lower blood glucose too far, increasing mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that blood glucose level targets should have both upper and lower limits to minimize the risk of hypoglycemia.
Researchers have discovered that environmental cues can lead to breast cancer, while Wnt signaling plays a key role in a rare skin disease. Additionally, chronic morphine use has been found to delay wound healing due to immunosuppression and impaired immune cell recruitment.
A recent study found a diabetes epidemic among First Nations adults, with women in their prime reproductive years disproportionately affected. The incidence of diabetes is more than 4 times higher in First Nations women compared to non-First Nations women.
Two large-scale studies found 13 new genetic variants influencing blood glucose regulation, insulin resistance, and beta cell function. Five variants increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, highlighting the role of beta cells in disease development.
A team of researchers identified ten new genetic markers associated with biological traits underlying type 2 diabetes and three new variants linked to raised glucose levels. The study helps unravel the complex biology of type 2 diabetes and paves the way for further research on treatments.
A study conducted by the University of Chicago found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) significantly worsens glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. OSA severity is associated with poorer glycemic control and increased HbA1c levels, which can negate the effects of anti-diabetic medications.
A study published in Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine found that childhood blood pressure, body mass index, and glucose levels can predict type 2 diabetes risk nine to 26 years later. Children with high systolic blood pressure, a high body mass index, or low HDL cholesterol are more likely to develop diabetes.
Researchers found that people who quit smoking have a 70% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the first six years without cigarettes compared to non-smokers. Weight gain after quitting is suspected to be the cause of this increased risk, which returns to normal after 10 years.
Research suggests that high nicotinamide intake can lead to reactive oxygen species production, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance. Sweating is identified as an effective way to expel excess nicotinamide from the body, offering a potential preventive and therapeutic intervention for type 2 diabetes.
Researchers at TGen identified genetic markers associated with end-stage renal disease in diabetics, providing hope for early diagnosis and prevention. The study found eight locations along the human genome tied to ESRD, including six potential markers for Type 1 diabetes.
A newly discovered gene called Brd2 has been found to play a crucial role in regulating body energy balance and protecting against Type 2 diabetes. In mice with a reduced expression of the Brd2 gene, obesity did not lead to diabetes, highlighting the importance of inflammation in this process.
A meta-analysis of 457,922 participants found that drinking regular or decaffeinated coffee lowered diabetes risk by approximately 25%, while those who consumed three to four cups daily had a one-third lower risk. Tea consumption was also associated with a reduced risk, with more cups per day resulting in greater protection.
Researchers have discovered a link between a genetic variant and childhood obesity, which may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that this gene variant raises the risk of being overweight during childhood, potentially setting the stage for type 2 diabetes in adulthood.
A new Saint Louis University research suggests that individuals with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease have a more favorable prognosis when properly managed with medical care. The BARI 2D trial found significant improvements in treatment outcomes for patients receiving intensive medical therapy or bypass surgery.
High urea levels in chronic kidney failure have been found to be toxic, leading researchers to suggest a potential new treatment strategy. Antioxidant therapy was shown to restore insulin sensitivity in mice with end-stage kidney disease. Similarly, targeting the molecular link Mdm2 may help prevent progression of late-stage metastatic...
A new study by a European research team has found that obese people have high levels of the molecule CXCL5, produced by fatty tissue cells. This discovery could lead to an experimental treatment aimed at inhibiting the action of CXCL5 to protect against type 2 diabetes.
A consensus statement on diabetes surgery recognizes the legitimacy of surgery as a dedicated treatment for type 2 diabetes in carefully selected patients. The document summarizes evidence showing that bariatric surgery effectively reverses type 2 diabetes, and its findings justify considering surgery as a specific diabetes intervention.
A recent study by Loyola University Health System found that one out of five adults with Type 2 diabetes is morbidly obese. The rate of morbid obesity among people with diabetes increased by 141% between 1976 and 2006, highlighting the growing public health implications.