Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
A team of researchers has discovered that a genetic mutation in the CDKAL1 gene can lead to misreading of specific parts of the insulin-producing gene, resulting in decreased insulin production and impaired cell function. This finding sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of Type 2 diabetes.
A study in mice found that a genetic variation in the CDKAL1 gene leads to misreading of insulin-producing genes, causing decreased insulin production and impaired cell function. Meanwhile, researchers discovered that breast cancer cells evade the antitumor activity of NK cells by modifying their environment.
A new study found that high levels of fat interfere with key transcription factors, leading to diminished glucose sensing in pancreatic beta cells. This pathway is activated in type 2 diabetes and contributes to metabolic defects, including insulin resistance.
A new study by Harvard School of Public Health researchers finds a strong association between the consumption of red meat—particularly when the meat is processed—and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Replacing red meat with healthier proteins can significantly lower this risk.
A new study reveals that weight loss of 5% improves erectile function, sexual desire, and lowers urinary tract symptoms in obese men with type 2 diabetes. The study found that modest weight loss resulted in rapid reversal of sexual and urinary problems within 8 weeks.
Research found no clear picture on risk of death and cardiovascular disease with intense vs conventional glucose control. Lower intensity levels may reduce small vessel damage, but increased risk of low blood sugar and death with more intensive control.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf develop a system to recreate amyloid formation on artificial surfaces, providing insights into disease mechanisms. The customized mica surface exhibits hydrophobic properties, facilitating the formation of oligomers and fibrils that can destroy cell surfaces.
A new study finds that type 2 diabetes and obesity independently contribute to higher risks of pregnancy complications. Women with both conditions have poorer outcomes, including preterm birth, blood loss, and prolonged hospital stays.
Researchers have identified how the SorCS1 gene controls amyloid-beta generation in the brain, contributing to both Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes. The study reveals that SorCS1 regulates the movement of amyloid precursor protein (APP) within cells.
New research from St. Michael's Hospital suggests that consuming two ounces of nuts daily can effectively control glycemic and serum lipid levels for people with Type 2 diabetes. The study found that nut consumption reduced HbA1c levels by two-thirds, a clinically meaningful improvement without weight gain.
Researchers found that reducing TGF-beta protein actions in mice converted white fat into brown fat-like cells with increased mitochondria, leading to calorie burning and reduced obesity. This discovery identifies a potential new approach to treating obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
Scientists have developed a sensor to detect zinc in zebrafish, which could help understand the role of zinc in diseases like type 2 diabetes, prostate cancer, and Alzheimer's. The new technology has been successfully tested and is expected to aid further research into these conditions.
Recent research found that zinc acts like a security guard to prevent amylin from forming harmful clumps. In healthy individuals with normal zinc levels, amylin helps regulate blood sugar, but in zinc-starved environments, it forms toxic aggregates.
New data from the Phase III study confirm linagliptin's efficacy in lowering blood glucose and reducing hypoglycemia risk when added to metformin. The medication also demonstrates cardiovascular safety, with a 54% relative risk reduction for cardiovascular events.
A post-hoc analysis shows that JANUMET (sitagliptin/metformin) achieved better A1C goal attainment compared to metformin alone, particularly in patients with baseline A1C between 7.5 and 9.0 percent. The study found that nearly half of these patients achieved the target A1C level after 18 weeks on JANUMET.
New basal insulin analogs have improved diabetes management by reducing hypoglycemic episodes and improving blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Modern physiological basal insulin replacement has made optimal blood sugar control a realistic target for diabetes management.
Watching TV for 2-3 hours per day or more increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease, and all-cause death. A meta-analysis of 8 studies found a 20% higher risk of type 2 diabetes and a 15% increased risk of fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease with each additional 2 hours of TV viewing.
A new study from Harvard School of Public Health found that watching more than two hours of TV per day increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The researchers also found that prolonged TV viewing is associated with an increased risk of premature death.
Research in baboon primates shows that even moderate nutrient deficiencies during critical periods of development can damage the pancreas and predispose to type 2 diabetes. The study found that young baboons whose mothers were undernourished were more likely to develop prediabetes before adolescence.
Researchers found type 2 diabetes increased the risk of recurrent stroke and cardiovascular events, while metabolic syndrome was not associated with these risks. Statin treatment reduced the risk in participants with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome.
A new study by Teresa Pinto and colleagues reveals that teens with Type 2 diabetes exhibit early signs of diastolic dysfunction, a condition where the heart struggles to fill with blood between beats. The study found that these impaired hearts show reduced cardiac output during exercise, which may be reversible with physical activity.
Researchers found that established fracture prediction methods were associated with hip and nonspine fracture risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Femoral neck BMD T score and FRAX score were linked to fracture risk, but patients with DM had a higher risk of fracture at the same scores as those without DM.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery significantly improved glycemic control in obese patients with type 2 diabetes, even before significant weight loss occurred. The study suggests that biochemical and hormonal changes related to branched-chain amino acids may play a key role in this improvement.
A study found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with higher fat levels in both black and white children, but racial differences exist in fat tissue distribution. Vitamin D was also linked to lower levels of good cholesterol in all subjects.
A study of over 70,000 type 2 diabetes patients aged 60 and above found that very low blood sugar levels were associated with a small but significant increased risk of death, while those with intermediate levels of control had the best overall outcomes. Researchers emphasized the need for further research to understand the clinical imp...
A recent survey conducted by the American College of Endocrinology found that over half of individuals with type 2 diabetes have experienced low blood sugar, often during daily activities. The study highlights the need for increased education on blood sugar management and symptom recognition to prevent serious consequences.
A study from UNC School of Medicine found that saturated fatty acids activate immune cells to produce inflammatory protein interleukin-1beta, leading to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes symptoms.
A large study of over 107,000 people in Denmark found that certain insulin secretagogues (ISs) were associated with a higher risk of death from any cause and heart attacks compared to metformin. Metformin was found to be the most effective treatment for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers identified 54 compounds in maple syrup from Canada with antioxidant activity and potential health benefits, including anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. The study suggests that maple syrup may inhibit enzymes relevant in Type 2 diabetes management.
Research finds micro-RNAs play a role in type 2 diabetes mechanism, blocking insulin's blood-sugar-reducing effect. Obese mice produce excess miRNA-143, which silences genes responsible for insulin activation.
Bariatric surgery has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke in patients with diabetes, with 70% remission in two years and 30% remaining 15 years later. The surgery also reduces new cases of diabetes by 80% among obese patients.
Researchers found sitagliptin effective in preventing prediabetes from progressing to diabetes. The drug reduced glucose levels after meals and increased insulin output while decreasing glucagon levels.
A daily pill of pioglitazone prevented type 2 diabetes in more than 70% of participants with obesity and other risk factors. The study also showed a 31% decrease in carotid artery thickening, indicating improved glucose control.
Researchers found that levels of five amino acids, including isoleucine and leucine, can signal future disease risk and indicate candidates for preventive measures. The study used metabolite measurements to identify individuals at elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
The study found that Yi-Qi-Zeng-Min-Tang improves insulin sensitivity, glycaemic control, and dyslipidemia in high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced Type 2 diabetic rats. The herbal decoction does not cause weight gain, making it a potential adjunct treatment for patients with insulin resistance.
Researchers identified a 'diabetes belt' of 644 counties in 15 southeastern states with high prevalence rates, linked to sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and non-modifiable factors. Community design changes can promote physical activity and healthy lifestyles to reduce diabetes risk.
Researchers found lower potassium levels associated with higher diabetes risk in African-Americans, who are twice as likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Increasing potassium levels through diet or supplements could potentially prevent the most common form of diabetes.
Research reveals that specific gene variants, particularly IVS5-13insC, are linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals of white European ancestry. The study's findings suggest that these genetic variations could serve as early predictive markers for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
A multinational study found that a single gene mutation in the HMGA1 gene is responsible for type 2 diabetes in nearly 10 percent of patients of white European ancestry. This defect leads to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, providing a potential test to predict disease risk and identify effective treatment options.
A La Jolla Institute-led team has identified the primary cellular players in an adenosine-fueled inflammation cascade that contributes to insulin resistance. By using an adenosine receptor blocker, the team prevented the activation of macrophages, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and reduced blood sugar levels in diabetic animals.
A recent study published in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that individuals with fatty liver were significantly more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those without. Fatty liver was shown to be an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, regardless of insulin resistance levels.
Researchers found that humans can't produce a specific sialic acid molecule, leading to insulin and glucose metabolism problems. This discovery suggests evolutionary changes may have influenced human metabolism and increased diabetes risk.
The McKesson Foundation has awarded $1.3 million in Mobilizing for Health Research grants to six U.S. institutions to study the use of mobile technology in diabetes care and management. The studies aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs through innovative mobile health solutions.
A study found that gastric bypass surgery resulted in greater weight loss and improved resolution of type 2 diabetes compared to sleeve gastrectomy and lap-band surgery. Additionally, patients who underwent gastric bypass experienced better quality of life outcomes.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have found a molecular pathway that is activated in people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This pathway holds promise as a target for novel diabetes therapies, offering new hope for patients with the disease.
A new clinical trial at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center is testing whether surgery can control Type 2 diabetes as effectively as medical treatment. The study enrolls 50 patients with Type 2 diabetes, comparing gastric bypass to conventional medical therapy and lifestyle modifications.
A study by Purdue University found that diabetes affects not only patients but also their spouses, causing similar distress and depressive symptoms. The research highlights the importance of considering the emotional impact on both individuals in diabetes care.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have aberrations in their fat tissue that can lead to insulin resistance and increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study, published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, found that large fat cells and low levels of adiponectin are strongly associated with ins...
Research at UCLA reveals that coffee's protective effect against type 2 diabetes may be linked to increased SHBG levels. Women who drink four cups of coffee daily are less than half as likely to develop diabetes compared to non-coffee drinkers.
A natural substance in dairy fat, trans-palmitoleic acid, has been identified as a potential factor in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. The compound is found in milk, cheese, yogurt, and butter and may mimic the normal biologic role of its produced counterpart, cis-palmitoleic acid.
A new study suggests that consuming an almond-enriched diet can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease LDL-cholesterol levels in individuals with prediabetes. The study found significant improvements in insulin levels, homeostasis model analysis for insulin resistance, and clinically significant reductions in LDL-cholesterol.
A new study found that combining exenatide with insulin provides better blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes, achieving near-normal levels in 60% of participants. Additionally, Byetta recipients lost an average of four pounds during the study, while placebo recipients gained two pounds.
Researchers found a molecular 'switch' called SMRT that turns off protective cellular activities against aging and metabolic diseases. The discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
A combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training was associated with improved glycemic levels among patients with type 2 diabetes. The level of improvement was not seen among patients who performed either aerobic exercise or resistance training alone. The study found that the combination group had a greater reduction in hemogl...
A systematic review of American Dietetic Association Nutrition Practice Guidelines provides recommendations for registered dietitians to support people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The guidelines emphasize consistency in carbohydrate intake, insulin dose adjustment, and cardioprotective nutrition interventions.
Childhood obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in adulthood, including hypertension, elevated cholesterol levels, and insulin resistance. Early intervention and prevention strategies are crucial to minimize this risk.
A University of Alberta study found that including pharmacists in primary care teams leads to significant drops in blood pressure among patients with Type 2 diabetes. The collaboration enables direct discussion between healthcare professionals, resulting in better medication management and reduced cardiovascular risk.
The Endocrine Society releases a clinical practice guideline for the nutritional and endocrine management of adults after bariatric surgery. The guideline features evidence-based recommendations to prevent weight regain and co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovarian disease, and fatty liver.
Researchers have found that beta cells in humans do not replicate after age 30, which could lead to breakthroughs in treating type 1 and 2 diabetes. The discovery uses radioactive carbon-14 dating to determine the number of beta cells remains static after this age.
A new study finds that drinking sugary beverages, like soda, daily increases the risk of type 2 diabetes by 26% and metabolic syndrome by 20%. Limiting sugary drink intake can help reduce these conditions.