Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
A new molecule has been discovered that can treat type 2 diabetes and reduce weight gain by activating the protein TGR5. The study found that INT-777, a selective TGR5 activator, increases GLP-1 secretion and energy expenditure, leading to improved blood sugar control and weight loss.
Pittsburgh researchers have found a molecular link between insulin resistance and inflammation, suggesting a novel target for diabetes treatment. The study reveals that protein Fox01 stimulates inflammatory white blood cells, leading to increased production of cytokine IL-1B, which interferes with insulin signaling.
A recent study at UT Southwestern Medical Center suggests that taking insulin as the initial treatment for type 2 diabetes can be just as effective as other options, reducing low-blood-sugar events and weight gain. Insulin-based therapy has been shown to improve patient satisfaction and overall quality of life.
Researchers found that a specific gene variant, CDKAL1, is associated with both lower birth weight and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in childhood. The study suggests a genetic link between prenatal events and the development of diabetes in later life.
Researchers at Yale University have made a groundbreaking discovery that reducing levels of an enzyme in the brain decreases appetites and increases energy levels. The study found that blocking this enzyme leads to weight loss and a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in mice, providing new hope for treating metabolic disorders.
A meta-analysis of 13 studies found a consistent inverse association between adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes risk across various ethnic groups. Higher adiponectin levels were associated with a lower risk of developing the condition.
A Monash University study has discovered a critical link between obesity and Type 2 diabetes, revealing that fat cells release PEDF, which triggers insulin resistance. Blocking PEDF reverses these effects, suggesting a potential breakthrough in treating the disease.
A new study identifies a genomic fragment that reduces the effect of a type 2 diabetes risk gene in mice. The researchers found that this fragment, known as a 'jumping gene,' diminishes the activity of the risk gene Zfp69. In overweight individuals with diabetes, the human equivalent of this gene is highly active.
A recent major study has found that children and young people with type 1 diabetes are more likely to be overweight or obese than those without diabetes. The research, which compared data from over 11,000 children and youths, also highlights significant differences in weight problems among different racial and ethnic groups.
Temple University's School of Podiatric Medicine has received a $650,000 NIH grant to test the effectiveness of a personalized, visual diabetic foot education strategy. The program aims to improve health literacy and empower patients to make better decisions about their foot care.
A study of 1,008 patients with obstructive sleep apnea found a significant association between REM-related OSA and type 2 diabetes, with adjusted odds ratios up to 2.8 times higher in middle-aged participants. The researchers suggest that REM-related OSA may be an early marker for type 2 diabetes, especially in women and younger patients.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that type 2 diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. The research revealed a direct association between HCC and insulin/sulphanylureas treatment, as well as an inverse relationship with metformin therapy.
A recent phase II study found aleglitazar to be safe and well-tolerated, reducing HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. The medication also showed a favorable lipid profile without significant cardiovascular risks.
A recent study found that liraglutide significantly improves glycaemic control compared to exenatide, while also being better tolerated. Liraglutide reduces HbA1c levels by 1.12%, compared to 0.79% for exenatide, and promotes similar weight loss.
A study published in The Lancet found that metabolic changes, including increased fasting glucose levels and decreased insulin sensitivity, occur several years before the onset of type 2 diabetes. By identifying these changes, it may be possible to delay or even prevent diabetes diagnosis.
A study found that rosiglitazone, used in combination with standard diabetes treatments, does not increase cardiovascular disease or death risk but doubles the risk of heart failure and fractures, mainly in women. The study included 4447 patients with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers from USC's Keck School of Medicine presented new findings on the role of exercise in preventing post-exercise hypoglycemia and ways to modulate pancreatic beta cell mass to prevent type 2 diabetes. The studies aim to improve diabetes treatment guidelines, including medication timing and exercise recommendations.
A groundbreaking new study is exploring the effectiveness of a high-protein diet in preventing type 2 diabetes in overweight adolescents. The research, funded by the MBF Foundation, will investigate whether a lower-carbohydrate and increased protein diet can delay or prevent the progression to insulin resistance.
Researchers at UCSF have identified a specialized protein called CHC22 that controls the formation of GLUT4 storage compartments in human muscles. This discovery highlights key differences between humans and mice and has implications for developing better models for studying type 2 diabetes.
The FIELD study found that fenofibrate significantly reduced the risk of first diabetes-related amputations in patients with type 2 diabetes. The treatment also showed a significant reduction in minor amputations without large-vessel disease, while major amputation risks did not differ between groups.
Researchers have identified a gene that controls abnormal sugar production in the liver, a major problem for people with diabetes. The study found that ARNT is decreased in both insulin-producing cells and liver cells of people with Type 2 diabetes.
A recent study found that women who develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy are seven-and-a-half times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes post-birth. This increased risk remains for several years, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring and intervention. Early identification and treatment of related factors, such as lip...
A new study found that patients with diabetes and retinopathy have a strong association with obstructive sleep apnea, suggesting a link between the two conditions. The researchers recommend that doctors and nurses consider screening for OSA in type 2 diabetes patients with retinopathy.
Research reveals metformin, a commonly used diabetes drug, works on a basic level to treat type 2 diabetes by regulating glucose production in the liver. The study found that metformin bypasses the communication block between liver and pancreas, mimicking the action of CBP protein.
A new study suggests that the widely used diabetes medication Januvia may cause pancreatitis and increase the risk of pancreatic cancer in some patients. Researchers found that combining Januvia with the older diabetes drug metformin helped mitigate these effects, suggesting a potential way to safely use GLP-1 class drugs.
In a randomized trial, voglibose significantly improved glucose tolerance and delayed disease progression in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Patients treated with voglibose had a 40% lower risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes than those receiving placebo.
Researchers at Université Laval found that people who sleep too much or not enough are at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. Approximately 20% of those with long and short sleep duration developed type 2 diabetes, compared to only 7% among average sleepers.
Researchers found that patient-tailored treatment regimens may have a more positive impact than strict glycemic control in managing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, universal insurance coverage may reduce race-based health care disparities by improving chronic disease control among patients from different racial or ethnic groups.
A study found that routine screening of type 2 diabetics identifies a small group at higher risk, but doesn't significantly impact overall outcome, suggesting unnecessary screening may have economic implications and unnecessary procedures.
A study found that screening patients with type 2 diabetes for coronary artery disease (CAD) did not significantly reduce the rate of heart attacks or cardiac death. However, participants with normal results had lower event rates than those with abnormalities, suggesting the importance of appropriate diagnostic evaluation.
A study found that severe hypoglycemic episodes are associated with an increased risk of dementia in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Patients who experienced multiple episodes had a significantly higher risk of developing dementia, with a cumulative effect sizeable.
A 16-week study found that reducing added sugar intake by 47 grams per day and increasing fiber intake by 5 grams per day improved insulin secretion and reduced visceral adipose tissue volume. Participants who increased fiber intake also saw significant reductions in body mass index and visceral fat.
Research suggests that fructose metabolism in the brain plays a significant role in increasing food intake and obesity risk, particularly with high consumption of high fructose sweeteners. The study's findings raise health concerns for youth and adults consuming large amounts of these sweeteners.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that patients with type 2 diabetes excreted less calcium through their urine when consuming a high-fiber diet. This suggests that dietary fiber reduces the body's capacity to absorb calcium, leading to potential benefits for bone health.
A UK study found South Asians with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop diabetic retinopathy, leading to early vision loss. The study also revealed that South Asian patients were significantly younger when diagnosed with diabetes and developed retinopathy about seven years earlier than White Europeans.
A review of 8,900 patients and 4,550 healthcare providers from 28 countries identifies psychosocial, socioeconomic, physical, environmental, and cultural factors as major barriers to effective diabetes care. Patients face financial, social support, and lifestyle challenges that hinder self-care.
A study of Aboriginal Canadians found that those with metabolic syndrome are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The 10-year incidence of diabetes was 17.5%, increasing with age from 10.5% among young adults to 43.3% in older adults.
Researchers found significant benefits in glycemic control and reduced insulin requirements in patients with type 2 diabetes who received stem cell infusion and hyperbaric oxygen treatment. The combination therapy showed promising results in decreasing type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality.
Researchers found that participants who slept less than six hours a night were 4.56 times more likely to convert from normal blood sugar levels to impaired fasting glucose compared to those getting six to eight hours of sleep. This association suggests a link between inadequate sleep and the development of type 2 diabetes.
The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study found alarmingly high rates of diabetes among every racial and ethnic group. Type 1 diabetes is more common than previously reported in Hispanic and African-American youth, while type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in Asian/Pacific Islanders.
A new study suggests that high levels of myostatin produced by muscle tissue in extremely obese individuals may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. Muscle loss is a key indicator of this transition, and understanding its role in metabolism is crucial for finding effective treatments.
Researchers found increased PAI-1 expression in the heart of mice with diabetes leads to profibrotic effects, including increased fibrosis and functional derangements. This link may contribute to the high incidence of heart failure after myocardial infarction in people with diabetes.
A systematic review of insulin analogues found that they have minimal impact on managing type 1 and 2 diabetes, as well as gestational diabetes. However, rapid-acting insulin analogues may be cost-effective for adults with type 1 diabetes. Experts recommend educational programs to manage sugar levels over insulin analogues.
Researchers have discovered a signaling pathway involved in normal pancreatic development is also associated with type 2 diabetes. The Wnt signaling pathway is up-regulated in insulin-producing cells of pancreases from adults with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers found a statistically significant inverse relationship between A1C levels and cognitive test scores in people with type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that poorer blood glucose control is strongly associated with poorer memory function.
A large body of science supports the beneficial role eggs play in a healthful diet. However, an association between egg intake and increased incidence of type 2 diabetes was found in a recent study, raising questions about lifestyle factors that may have influenced the results.
A recent study found that CXCL10 is a key factor behind the destruction of insulin-producing β cells in diabetes. The inflammatory marker was found to decrease β cell viability and impair insulin production in isolated human pancreatic cells. This discovery may lead to new treatments for preventing β cell death or restoring lost function.
A multi-center clinical trial is being conducted to investigate the effect of salsalate on blood glucose levels in adults with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. The study aims to determine if targeting inflammation can lead to an inexpensive way to treat this common form of diabetes.
A new gene variant associated with fasting glucose levels influences insulin secretion via melatonin metabolism, implicating a previously unknown relationship between the sleep-wake rhythm and diabetes. Further studies will explore the role of melatonin in regulating insulin secretion and potentially lead to new treatment options.
Researchers found that a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet resulted in a three-fold improvement in type 2 diabetes, with 95% of participants eliminating or reducing diabetes medications. This study suggests that cutting out carbohydrates can lead to significant reductions in blood sugar levels and weight.
Research reveals that adult-onset diabetes slows mental functioning in several ways, with deficits appearing early and persisting into old age. The study found that healthy adults performed significantly better than those with diabetes on executive functioning and processing speed tests.
A study published in CMAJ found that men with type 2 diabetes have a 3-fold risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to those without either condition. In the long term, however, the two groups had similar mortality risks.
A study published in JAMA found that a diet high in low-glycemic foods, such as nuts and beans, improved glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. The ESC recommends structured lifestyle advice for diabetes management, suggesting it may be as effective as some drug interventions.
A study published in JAMA found that a low-glycemic index diet resulted in greater improvements in glycemic control and reduced cardiovascular risk factors compared to a high-cereal fiber diet. The researchers found that participants on the low-glycemic index diet had lower hemoglobin A1c levels and improved lipid profiles.
Long-term use of diabetes medications like rosiglitazone and pioglitazone increases the risk of bone fractures in women with type 2 diabetes, according to a new study. The risk is doubled compared to men, highlighting the need for alternative treatment options.
A recent study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that long-term use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) doubles the risk of fractures in women with type 2 diabetes. The study, which analyzed data from 10 previously completed trials, showed a consistent decline in bone mineral density in women exposed to TZD therapy.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that overweight siblings of children with type 2 diabetes are four times more likely to have abnormal glucose levels. This discovery highlights the importance of screening and prevention education for these high-risk individuals.
Increasing brisk walking and reducing television watching were found to be inversely associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. The study's key finding is that vigorous activity is protective against the disease in this high-risk population.
Researchers identified a gene involved in the body's response to the day-night cycle strongly linked to high blood sugar levels and type 2 diabetes. The melatonin receptor is implicated in conditions like jetlag and sleep disorders, suggesting that disrupted sleep patterns are connected to metabolic health.
A study found that genetic variation on chromosome 9p21 and poor glycemic control interact to increase the risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes patients. The odds of CAD were 4-fold higher for those with two risk gene variants and poor glycemic control compared to those with one variant but good control.