Articles tagged with Type 2 Diabetes
A Kaiser Permanente study found that diabetes more than doubled in six years among teenage and adult women before becoming pregnant. The largest study to date examined 175,000 teenage girls and adult women, revealing significant jumps in pre-pregnancy diabetes in every age, racial, and ethnic group.
Researchers found high levels of E-selectin, white blood cells, and low serum albumin levels are clear predictors of high risk for type 2 diabetes. The study used data from the Western New York Health Study and found that combining these markers increased identification of high-risk patients by 8%.
A recent meta-analysis of 15 studies involving over 70,000 participants identified six new genes linked to type 2 diabetes. The study, published in Nature Genetics, confirms that insulin-producing cells play a crucial role in the disease's development.
Two studies suggest that Diabetinol, a natural citrus supplement, improves blood glucose numbers and LDL-cholesterol levels in people with type 2 diabetes. The supplement shows promise in lowering blood glucose levels after meals and improving heart health, potentially reducing diabetic complications.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed a powerful tool to pinpoint the genes behind inherited illnesses. By analyzing data from over 1,000 people with and without type 2 diabetes, they identified 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the disease.
A clinical trial using IVUS technology found that Actos reduced the atherosclerotic burden in coronary arteries compared to glimepiride, and prevented progression. The study adds to the body of cardiovascular data for Actos, showing no evidence of increased risk of heart attack or stroke.
Researchers found that people with diabetes have the same high risk for heart attack or stroke as those who've already had a heart attack. The study suggests that all patients with diabetes receiving glucose-lowering treatment are at a particularly high risk of cardiovascular death and disease, regardless of sex and diabetes type.
A new study suggests that taking pioglitazone can help slow the progression of plaque build-up in coronary arteries, which is particularly aggressive in patients with diabetes. The findings have important implications for managing patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease.
Regular Tai Chi Chuan exercise improves T cell helper function in patients with type 2 diabetes by increasing T-bet transcription factor and IL-12 production, suggesting a potential therapeutic effect. The study also found improved glycemic control, reduced inflammation, and enhanced immune response.
A team of researchers has discovered six new genetic variants associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, bringing the total number of genetic risk factors to 16. The study used combined genetic data from over 70,000 people and provides new clues to the processes that go wrong when diabetes develops.
Scientists at the University of Michigan have identified six new genes that play a role in type 2 diabetes, including one also linked to prostate cancer. The study provides insights into the mechanisms controlling glucose levels in the blood, offering potential new methods for preventing or treating the disease.
A collaborative effort by over 90 researchers from 40 centres analysed genetic data from 70,000 people to identify differences in the genetic code that make some individuals more susceptible to type 2 diabetes. The study found six new genes contributing to the risk, bringing the total to sixteen, and provides valuable insights into the...
A study published in Diabetes Research & Clinical Practice found that people with depression taking antidepressants have a 30% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The risk was highest for those using two types of therapies simultaneously, such as tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
The UMDNJ-University Hospital has received a grant to tailor interventions and personalize the transition from hospital to outpatient clinic for patients with type 2 diabetes. The project aims to reduce hospital emergency department visits, inpatient readmissions, and improve health-related quality-of-life and metabolic control.
A recent study found that weight loss and major lifestyle changes are more effective in treating type 2 diabetes than intensive insulin therapy. Insulin resistance, caused by high-calorie diets, can lead to organ damage and increase the risk of complications such as heart disease and blindness.
A new study proposes that intestinal dysfunction, specifically in the upper small intestine, may be the source of Type 2 diabetes. Surgical bypass operations can reverse this abnormality, leading to diabetes remission.
Researchers found that Asian Indians have higher insulin resistance and mitochondrial function than Northern Europeans, despite being non-obese. This study suggests that urbanization and diet changes may contribute to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Asian Indians.
A new study found elevated markers of blood vessel inflammation in overweight Hispanic children with normal blood glucose levels, increasing their risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The research highlights the need for obesity prevention strategies tailored to this high-risk population.
The NHLBI has stopped intensive blood glucose lowering treatment in a clinical trial of adults with type 2 diabetes, citing increased risk of death compared to standard treatment. Participants will now receive the less-intensive standard treatment.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge highlight a strong correlation between persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and insulin resistance, leading to adult-onset diabetes. Research suggests that individuals with high POPs levels in their blood are more at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, even if they are thin.
A study found that obese patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent gastric banding surgery had a higher likelihood of achieving diabetes remission compared to those using conventional methods. The surgical group achieved significant weight loss and improved blood glucose control, suggesting intensive weight-loss therapy may be an eff...
A new study found that overweight type 2 diabetes patients who consumed moderate amounts of sugar from carrot cake experienced no adverse changes in blood glucose levels. The study, conducted over 24 days, showed improved insulin sensitivity and balanced energy intake.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that active smoking is associated with a 44% increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The association was strongest for heavy smokers, suggesting that smoking may contribute to insulin resistance or inadequate compensatory insulin secretion responses.
Scientists at Sirtris developed potent SIRT1 activators, 1000 times more effective than resveratrol, to treat Type 2 Diabetes and age-related diseases. These findings hold promise for a new approach to treating metabolic and other diseases of aging.
Eating high-glycemic index carbohydrates has been associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Chinese and African-American women. Conversely, consuming more cereal fiber may lower this risk. Studies have shown that foods with a higher glycemic index cause rapid spikes and drops in blood glucose levels.
UCSD researchers have discovered that inflammation from immune cells called macrophages leads to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. By disabling the macrophage inflammatory pathway, insulin resistance can be prevented in mouse models.
A study published in The Lancet found that fenofibrate reduces the frequency of first laser treatment for macular oedema and proliferative DR by 31% and 30%, respectively. These findings suggest additional mechanisms of benefit beyond lipid-lowering effects, potentially additive to blood glucose and blood pressure control.
Researchers have discovered that hyperacidification of the TGN causes increased activity of furin, leading to tissue fibrosis in individuals with CF. Additionally, a new study on EHEC O157:H7 has identified the role of type IV pili in intestinal adherence and immune response.
A study of 38,000 female health professionals found that women with hypertension have a three-fold risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with optimal blood pressure levels. Obesity is also a strong and independent risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes.
A meta-analysis of seven clinical trials found that rosiglitazone and pioglitazone increased the risk of congestive heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. However, these drugs did not increase the risk of cardiovascular death. The authors recommend caution when prescribing TZDs to patients with cardiovascular di...
New research supports the cardiovascular safety of ACTOS (pioglitazone HCI) and its benefits in improving blood glucose and lipid levels. The study found that therapies including pioglitazone are associated with significant reductions in the risk of stroke or myocardial infarction compared to non-thiazolidinedione therapies.
Both aerobic and resistance exercise improved glycemic/blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes, with the greatest improvements seen in those who performed both types of exercise. The study found that combining aerobic and resistance training resulted in a significant decrease in A1c value, indicating better blood sugar control.
Researchers found that Metformin improves glucose uptake and survival of early embryos in mice with insulin resistance. The drug may benefit women with type 2 diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome trying to conceive. Improved embryo quality could lead to more successful pregnancies.
The ADVANCE trial found that a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular disease by 18% and major macrovascular or microvascular events by 9%. The results suggest that this treatment could be considered routinely for patients with type 2 diabetes to prevent complications.
Scientists have discovered that glucose-sensing neurons play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels in mice with obesity-induced Type 2 diabetes. The study found that defects in these neurons contribute to the disease's progression and may be targeted by novel therapies.
A new study at Joslin Diabetes Center identified a protein called Sirt2 as playing a major role in how fat is produced and stored in the body. Increasing Sirt2 levels may block fat cell differentiation and reduce fat storage.
Researchers at UCLA have identified three inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers for predicting Type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy individuals. The study, which involved over 1,600 participants, found that high levels of these cytokines were associated with an increased risk of developing the disease.
Scientists have found a direct link between mitochondrial DNA variants and metabolic markers for type 2 diabetes in rats. The study, published in Genome Research, highlights the role of mitochondrial genome variation in common diseases.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have discovered that the skeleton acts as an endocrine organ, releasing osteocalcin to regulate blood sugar and fat deposition. This hormone boosts insulin sensitivity and enhances insulin-producing cells, preventing type 2 diabetes in mice.
A study of over 10,000 women found that those who were obese prior to pregnancy had a higher risk of giving birth to babies with structural birth defects. The findings suggest a possible mechanism involving alterations in glycemic control, similar to those seen in women with diabetes.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals that variants of the TCF7L2 gene increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes by affecting insulin secretion in pancreatic islet cells. The findings provide a mechanism for genetic predisposition and suggest potential therapeutic targets for new treatments.
A randomized clinical trial found that selenium supplementation increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 55%, with higher levels associated with a greater risk. The study suggests that taking high doses of selenium may have detrimental effects in well-nourished populations.
A meta-analysis of 29 studies found that incretin-based therapy improves glycemia, particularly postprandial glycemia, and has a favorable or neutral effect on weight. However, glucagon-like peptide 1 analogues are associated with gastrointestinal adverse effects, while DPP4 inhibitors have an increased risk of infection.
A combination of calcium and vitamin D found in milk may offer protection against type 2 diabetes, with a 15% lower risk among individuals consuming the most dairy. Additionally, magnesium intake from milk products may also reduce type 2 diabetes risk by 15%.
A new study found that measuring retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels in blood can indicate the amount of visceral fat surrounding abdominal organs. Elevated RBP4 concentrations are linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease risk.
A large national study found that selenium supplements may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, while a leading researcher advises against taking excessive selenium supplements. The study analyzed data from over 1,200 participants and found higher risks among those with higher blood selenium levels at the start of the study.
A new study is providing community pharmacists with education and advice on controlling blood glucose levels through individual glucose meter uploads. The project aims to determine whether lifestyle advice from pharmacists improves glycaemic control and potentially reduces the burden of Type 2 Diabetes on healthcare systems.
Alogliptin, a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor, demonstrated significant reductions in mean 4-hour plasma glucose levels across multiple doses. The study also showed sustained inhibition of plasma DPP-4 activity and improved glucose control without increased risk of hypoglycemia.
A new study from the University of Illinois found that cytokine resistance contributes to the pathology of type 2 diabetes by impairing the anti-inflammatory response and disrupting insulin-like signaling pathways. This impairment leads to chronic inflammation, which exacerbates health issues in individuals with obesity or diabetes.
Researchers have found a link between low HDL cholesterol and heart disease, suggesting that defective ABCA1 protein may play a role. Additionally, studies have shown that type 2 diabetes patients accumulate high levels of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein in the blood, which can contribute to heart disease.
Early onset type 2 diabetes in adolescents is associated with rapid progression of complications, including hypertension, nephropathy, retinopathy, and psychiatric disorders. The unborn children of pregnant young women are also at increased risk.
A systematic review of rosiglitazone trials suggests a 43% increased risk of heart attack and 64% risk of death from heart attack. However, recent studies DREAM and ADOPT suggest these findings may be overstated, warranting a more considered approach to its safety
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that higher consumption of cereal fiber and magnesium may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Participants who consumed more cereal fiber had a 27% lower risk of developing diabetes compared to those who ate less, while those who consumed more magnesium had a 23% lower risk.
Recent advances in epidemiologic and experimental knowledge have validated health benefits of moderate coffee consumption. Studies suggest that moderate coffee drinking may reduce the risk of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, while also lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes.
A U of M-led study has identified 10 new genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes, which could lead to the development of new drugs and more effective treatments. The findings also improve our understanding of how these genetic factors interact with lifestyle factors.
A UK collaboration of scientists has identified three new genes that predispose individuals to develop type 2 diabetes. The study confirms the link between two previously-identified genes and brings the total number of genes known to be involved in the disease to nine.
A genome-wide search has uncovered three novel regions of human DNA that contain clear genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes, as well as a genomic region associated with elevated blood triglycerides. The study reveals surprising new avenues for disease research, treatment and prevention.
Researchers have identified at least four new genetic variants associated with increased risk of diabetes and confirmed the existence of six more, boosting the number of known genetic variants to 10. These findings may lead to personalized medicine approaches by exploring how these genetic factors interact with lifestyle factors.
Scientists have identified a strong association between an increase in BMI and a variation of the FTO gene, which carries a 70% higher risk of obesity. The study found that people with two copies of the FTO allele are on average 3kg heavier than those with no copies.
The report estimates that nearly 60% of people with type 2 diabetes have at least one serious health complication, including heart disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Estimated annual healthcare costs for a person with type 2 diabetes complications exceed $10,000.