Articles tagged with Gut Microbiota
Researchers identify microbial enzyme bilirubin reductase that converts bilirubin into urobilinogen, causing urine's yellow color. The discovery sheds light on the gut microbiome's role in ailments like jaundice and IBD.
Recent research has identified the gut-skin axis as a critical factor in atopic dermatitis, with alterations to gut microbiome composition contributing to disease severity. The review article highlights promising therapeutic approaches, including diet, probiotics, and fecal transplants.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have discovered how Lactobacillus, a bacterium found in fermented foods and yogurt, influences mood disorders. The findings suggest that maintaining a healthy level of Lactobacillus may help prevent depression and anxiety by regulating immune response to stress.
Researchers transplanted gut microbes from a naturally obesity-resistant shrew to high-fat-diet-induced obese mice, improving microbiome diversity. This approach resulted in decreased weight gain in the obese mice, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for human obesity.
Researchers found that micronutrient deficiencies in early life can lead to significant shifts in the gut microbiome, promoting antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi. The study suggests that addressing undernutrition may be crucial in fighting antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at UMass Lowell found that anti-inflammatory bacteria were less abundant in people with Parkinson's disease, suggesting a potential biomarker for early diagnosis. A new study on Latinos may also uncover novel biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
A low-fat vegan diet with soy significantly decreases postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms, eliminating severe hot flashes and reducing moderate-to-severe hot flashes by 96%. The study also found weight loss and protection against heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
A systematic review published in the journal Virulence reveals that introducing more diverse gut bacteria can improve outcomes for people and animals infected with cryptosporidium. This may be achieved through diet, probiotics, or faecal transplant therapy.
Researchers at The University of Toledo discovered that engineered Lactobacillus paracasei can lower blood pressure in female rats by introducing human ACE2. The study provides a paradigm shift in harnessing the body's microbiome to regulate blood pressure and offers new hope for treating chronic conditions.
A recent meta-study found that consuming fruit and vegetables contributes positively to bacterial diversity in the human gut. The study discovered that early childhood is a critical window for colonization with plant-associated bacteria, which have probiotic properties.
A phase I pilot study investigates the feasibility of using potato starch as a dietary intervention to modify the gut microbiome in bone marrow transplant patients. The study found that more than 80% of participants took the supplement with no negative side effects, and butyrate levels were significantly higher in those who consumed it.
Recent studies suggest that probiotics may offer a protective effect against hypertension, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. A new study identifies two probiotic strains, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, as promising treatments for high blood pressure.
Researchers have found that Alzheimer's symptoms can be transferred to healthy young organisms via the gut microbiota, confirming its role in the disease. The study supports the emergence of the gut microbiome as a key target for investigation in Alzheimer's disease.
A new study suggests that stress and certain gastrointestinal factors can exacerbate menopause symptoms. Women with constipation experience more severe symptoms compared to those with normal stool consistency, according to the research.
Researchers isolated and described novel yeast species from the gut of green lacewings in Japan, revealing a wider range of microbial inhabitants than previously known. The study identified three new species within the Metschnikowia genus, shedding light on the insect microbiome's complexity.
Researchers developed an analytical tool to spot stray DNA and RNA contamination in genetic analyses, increasing result accuracy. The software, SAHMI, can identify microbe-associated cells and study microbiome distribution in tissues.
UCLA researchers found that people exposed to discrimination exhibit altered brain responses to food cues, increasing cravings for unhealthy foods and changing gut chemistry. This leads to a higher risk of obesity and related disorders, highlighting the potential role of discrimination in food choices and health outcomes.
Researchers found that bariatric surgery leads to an increase in caries and periodontitis, as well as alterations in salivary inflammatory markers. The study's findings emphasize the importance of dental assessment for patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
A new approach to treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been discovered, utilizing resistant starch to reduce fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver. The study found that consuming resistant starch daily led to an increase in beneficial gut bacteria, which positively impacted liver health.
A 4-month randomized controlled trial found that daily intake of resistant starch can lower liver triglycerides and liver enzymes associated with liver injury and inflammation. The treatment group had a different microbiota composition and functionality compared to the control group, leading to improved liver conditions.
Clarissa Campbell and Barbara Maier receive prestigious ERC Starting Grants for their research on the interplay between the immune system and metabolism, as well as the role of lymph nodes in cancer. The grants will support their work on understanding immune cells in the gut and the crosstalk between tumors and lymph nodes.
Researchers at Prolacta and MD Anderson Cancer Center found a human milk-based synbiotic to safely control the gut microbiome in adults, opening the door to precision microbiome engineering. The study demonstrates significant precision in modulating adult gut microbiomes.
Researchers at the University of Illinois are exploring how gut microbe communities impact broccoli's health benefits. They plan to identify which microbes maximize the benefits and develop custom probiotics to help people with lower-efficiency microbial communities.
Researchers have developed a human milk-based synbiotic that safely modulates damaged adult gut microbiomes. The study found that this symbiotic reshapes gut microbial composition and metabolites, offering new possibilities for treating dysbiotic conditions.
Researchers discovered a gut bacteria that helps reduce insulin resistance and protect against diabetes. The study found that a specific bacteria, Alistipes indistinctus, consumed excess monosaccharides in the gut, lowering blood sugar levels and reducing insulin resistance.
A study published in mSystems found associations between the gut microbiome and eczema in infancy, with alterations in gut bacteria preceding eczema development. The research revealed changes in gut microbiota composition and diversity over the first 3 years of life, influenced by mode of delivery and feeding patterns.
Researchers found a common bacterial signature associated with the development of eczema, asthma, food allergy, and hay fever in children. The study suggests that early life influences on gut microbiota may play a key role in the development of these allergies.
University of Louisville researchers have received a five-year, $11.7 million National Institutes of Health grant to investigate the connection between microorganisms and disease. The study will focus on various chronic conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, diabetes, periodontitis, and colorectal cancer.
A graduate student's accidental discovery sheds light on how squash bug nymphs acquire essential bacteria. Researchers found that the nymphs eat adult feces to obtain the necessary microbes, an elegant solution to a basic problem. This finding may offer insights for improved methods to control squash bugs, a significant agricultural pest.
Researchers at ETH Zurich found that Salmonella bacteria can thrive together in the gut and share information about antibiotic survival mechanisms through a metabolic strategy. This exchange of critical information enables the spread of antibiotic-resistant genes, highlighting the impact of dietary components on promoting this phenomenon.
A study reveals that racial differences in gut microbiome composition arise after 3 months of age and persist through childhood. Early social and environmental exposures play a significant role in shaping the gut microbiome, with research suggesting that environmental and social factors contribute to health disparities.
Researchers developed a platform that allows engineered biosensor bacteria to safely pass through the gastrointestinal tract in animal models. The platform enables real-time monitoring of gut health and can be used to diagnose and monitor various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. It has the potential to revolutionize pati...
Researchers discovered that PYY prevents the fungus Candida albicans from turning into its more dangerous form while allowing commensal yeast forms to flourish. This peptide functions as an antimicrobial agent, playing a vital role in maintaining fungal commensalism in the gut.
Researchers at King's College London found irregular sleep patterns are associated with lower overall diet quality, higher intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages, and lower intakes of fruits and nuts. This is linked to differences in gut microbiome composition, with certain species having 'unfavourable' associations with health.
A new study estimates that dandelion greens, Jerusalem artichokes, garlic, leeks, and onions are the top five foods rich in prebiotics. These foods support gut microbes and contain high amounts of fiber, which can benefit health.
Researchers analyzed dairy cows' uterine microbiota and found significant associations with fertility, including a correlation between microbial diversity and AI frequency. The study suggests that farm-to-farm variations in microbiota can impact fertility, paving the way for new diagnostic approaches to low fertility in dairy farms.
A phase I trial found that combining fecal transplants with immunotherapy is safe and shows promise in improving clinical responses in 65% of patients. The study used healthy donor microbiome to enhance immune system attack on cancer, offering a new paradigm shift in melanoma treatment.
A University of Minnesota-led study demonstrated the safety of microbiota transplant therapy (MTT) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). MTT showed improved gut bacteria balance but did not significantly reduce infections. The study's results will inform a larger follo...
Researchers discovered that squash bug nymphs are attracted to the feces of adults of their own species, even in the dark or from a distance. This behavior is crucial for the bugs' survival as they need a healthy microbiome to grow and stay alive.
The study mapped out metabolite by-products of bacteria processing amino acids linked to cardiovascular disease, comparing patient data to assess disease risk. Researchers developed a method for assessing absolute metabolite levels in the bloodstream, allowing identification of cutoff values for low versus high risk.
Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system that keeps beneficial bacteria safe while actively clearing out harmful ones in the gut. In mice, this system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects and showed promise as a viable treatment strategy for intestinal diseases.
Researchers found that probiotics help preterm babies achieve a balanced gut microbiome and eradicate harmful bacteria. The study also shows that probiotic-supplemented preterm newborns have lower risk of carrying antimicrobial resistant bugs despite frequent antibiotic treatment.
Researchers found that vaginal microbiota seeding improved C-section babies' early development by colonizing their guts with maternal bacteria. This approach may reduce the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders like ADHD and intellectual disabilities.
Researchers found a distinct gut microbiome in people with pre-symptomatic Alzheimer's, differing from healthy individuals. This discovery opens the possibility of analyzing gut bacteria to identify risk factors and designing preventive treatments.
A recent study found that microplastics and triphenyltin have a combined toxic effect on the gut-brain axis in common carp. The pollutants amplified toxicity when used together, causing changes in gut microbiome and immune system function.
NUTRITION 2023 will feature research announcements, expert discussions on emerging topics like artificial intelligence and precision nutrition. The meeting will also focus on adolescent nutrient deficiencies and their long-term consequences on health.
Researchers investigated how gut bacteria respond to repeated antibiotic disruptions, finding that they evolve antibiotic-resistant variants and adapt through slowing of cell growth. The study reveals the complex response of the microbiome to antibiotics, including ecological effects and induction of prophages.
A recent study found significant differences in the gut microbiome of female southern white rhinos that reproduced successfully versus those that did not. The researchers identified a particular genus of microbes that may be limiting reproductive success in captive breeding programs.
Researchers found that centenarians have a diverse gut virome with high microbial diversity associated with a healthy gut microbiome. The study suggests that intestinal bacteria and bacterial viruses may work together to promote healthy lifespan.
Researchers found specific bacterial species significantly associated with the development of tubular adenomas and sessile serrated adenomas. The study suggests a potential opportunity to intervene through diet or probiotics to prevent colorectal cancer.
CNIO researchers review the anticancer effects of various diets, including caloric restriction, ketogenic diet, and intermittent fasting. They argue that precision nutrition can be used to treat specific cancers based on tumor metabolism and patient characteristics.
Researchers found variability in IgA levels between blood and gut samples, suggesting IgA regulates commensal microbes to prevent immune dysregulation. Patients with normal fecal IgA were less likely to develop symptoms, while those deficient in both blood and fecal IgA showed elevated inflammatory cytokines.
A recent study has identified the specific gut bacteria that pose a threat to neonatal babies, particularly those with necrotising enterocolitis. Researchers analyzed genomic similarities in Clostridium perfringens and found a set of strains with lower disease-causing capacity, lacking genes responsible for toxin production.
Researchers found varying microbiome compositions in early-onset (age 45 or younger) and late-onset (age 65 or older) colorectal cancer tumors, with distinct species present in each group. The discovery may help explain the rise in young-onset disease cases without known risk factors.
A new study suggests that high-sugar diets can exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms by disrupting the colon's lining renewal process. The research found that a high-sugar diet led to impaired cell division and altered metabolic pathways in mice, resulting in faster gut damage.
A new study found that the gut microbiota of toddlers at 3.5 years old is predictive of body mass index (BMI) at age 5, with certain types of bacteria associated with a higher or lower risk of obesity. The research also suggests that changes in the gut microbiota begin in early childhood and can influence weight gain later in life.
Interactions between gut bacteria may limit antibiotics' effectiveness in treating C. difficile infections, a study suggests. Researchers found that certain bacterial species make the bacterium tolerant to metronidazole and increase its abundance.
A UNIGE team has developed small beads encapsulating fecal bacteria for treating a serious intestinal infection. The technology overcomes obstacles in current treatments, allowing for easier and more comfortable administration.
A study published in Microorganisms shows that melatonin can aggravate Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis by disrupting the balance of gut microbiota. The hormone, commonly used to improve sleep, had negative effects on bowel inflammation in laboratory mice, depending on their microbiota profile.
A recent study found that exposure to antibiotics before age 5 triples the risk of pediatric IBD, while a Western diet high in sugars and ultra-processed foods increases the risk, and lower socioeconomic status provides protection. Conversely, having more siblings, being exposed to pets, and consuming vegetables reduce the risk.