Articles tagged with Human Microbiota
A study published in the Journal of Perinatology found that pregnant black women with low vitamin D levels have higher levels of bacteria associated with preterm delivery. In contrast, white women with higher vitamin D levels had more lactobacilli, a type of bacteria that promotes vaginal health.
A research project funded by the National Institutes of Health has identified differences in vaginal bacteria that may raise the risk of preterm birth among pregnant African-American women. The study found that women who delivered preterm had a more diverse microbiome in early pregnancy compared to those who delivered at term.
A new study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard found that changes in the gut microbiome during IBD trigger an unhealthy inflammatory reaction. The research, part of the Human Microbiome Project, identified specific chemicals and microbial shifts that contribute to disease activity.
A two-year project aims to explore the link between the human microbiome and autism spectrum disorder, a developmental disorder affecting communication and behavior. The study, funded by a $1.94 million grant, will analyze key metabolites produced by microbes in patients with central nervous system disorders.
Researchers at ETH Zurich develop a new technique, nanoFleming, to rapidly test for antibiotic activity in microorganisms. The method has identified 11 novel peptides with improved efficacy or resistance-bypassing properties.
Replanting urban environments with native flora could help address chronic health problems by promoting healthy microbial diversity. Restoration of urban biodiversity is estimated to have generational health benefits and huge savings for healthcare sectors.
Researchers explore link between bacterial vaginosis and HIV transmission in women, highlighting importance of standardized diagnosis and testing. The study aims to standardize discussions around BV clinical and research findings, shedding light on the microbial make-up of the vagina and its impact on HIV acquisition.
Researchers found that early-life microbiota play a crucial role in regulating immune responses and preventing colon cancer in adulthood. The absence of microbiota in early life can lead to enhanced pro-inflammatory gene expression and an accumulation of immune cells that suppress tumor growth.
A team of researchers discovered and characterized over 5,000 microbial species in the human microbiome, with 77% being newly identified. The study highlights the personalized nature of the microbiome and its relevance to global health, particularly in non-Westernized populations.
Researchers found that specific respiratory microbiome communities may be associated with lower risk of contracting flu. The study suggests that the nose and throat microbiome could play a role in the body's defense against influenza virus infection.
Research at Montana State University reveals that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in protecting against acute arsenic toxicity. The study found that certain microorganisms in the human gut can neutralize arsenic, reducing its toxic effects.
The Microbiome Search Engine (MSE) enables fast comparison of microbiomes by searching for structurally or functionally similar microbes. MSE proposes innovative evaluation indices to measure microbiome novelty and impact, providing a bird's eye view of the microbiome data universe.
A study on atmospheric microbes found consistent seasonal variations in diversity and composition. Microorganisms were closely related to specific biomes such as aquatic, cropland, and urban environments.
Researchers at the University of Virginia have developed a new approach to understand the interactions between trillions of microbes in the human body. By combining computer simulations and laboratory experiments, they were able to shed light on how microorganisms influence human health and disease.
Researchers propose collecting beneficial microbes from remote populations with high microbiota diversity to prevent disease; treatment costs for obesity and diabetes surpass $1 trillion, linked to disturbances in the microbiota.
Researchers characterized the maternal microbiome during pregnancy, revealing variations in bacterial diversity across different body sites and gestational stages. The study highlights the importance of the maternal microbiome in supporting healthy pregnancy outcomes and may inform targeted interventions to promote fetal development.
Jessica Metcalf, a microbe scientist at Colorado State University, has been awarded an early-career grant to study the impact of lifestyle changes and antibiotics on the human gut microbiome. Her research aims to understand how these factors shape the microbiome and its role in human health.
The human microbiome plays a significant role in cancer development and treatment, according to six original review articles in this special issue. The articles discuss the impact of probiotics, chemotherapy, and gut microbiota on cancer, as well as the use of microbial DNA sequencing techniques.
A study found that immersing children in a rainforest lifestyle for 16 days led to more diverse gut microbes, with higher proportions of helpful bacteria. In contrast, adult participants showed little change to their microbiome, suggesting dietary interventions may be most effective in children.
Researchers have found that a subset of people with helminth infections experience changes to their gut microbiome when treated for the infection. This change specifically affects Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes levels.
A human trial and laboratory study found that Montmorency tart cherries helped to positively impact the gut microbiome, primarily measured by an increase in good bacteria. The results suggest that individuals consuming a more plant-based diet may have a mix of gut bacteria that responds more positively to tart cherry consumption.
An international team of researchers developed a new computational method to predict the functions of thousands of microbial genes. The method, based on machine learning algorithms, analyzes 'big data' from human microbiomes and other environments to identify evolutionary signals that can assign biological roles to unknown genes.
A study involving wild and captive baboons found evidence of antibiotic resistance in their gut microbiomes, even without human-produced antibiotic exposure. The researchers used functional metagenomics to identify resistance genes, revealing a surprising enrichment of Actinobacteria in wild baboon populations.
Researchers used microbial signatures to identify non-resident burglars in mock crimes, achieving accuracy above 60% and demonstrating potential as forensic evidence. The study collected samples from residents' nostrils, hands, and home surfaces before and after simulated break-ins.
Researchers found that airline passengers' bacterial communities have much in common with those surrounding people at home and office environments. The core airplane microbiome included genera Propionibacterium, Burkholderia, Staphylococcus, and Strepococcus (oralis).
Researchers found that gorillas' and chimpanzees' gut microbes fluctuate seasonally in response to diet changes, similar to those observed in human hunter-gatherers. This study highlights the importance of dietary fiber on microbiome diversity and may have implications for intestinal health and disease.
Researchers found that dogs have a more similar gene content to humans than previously thought, with changes in diet affecting both species' gut microbiota. The study suggests dogs could be used as models for human nutrition studies, providing insights into the impact of diet on obesity and overall health.
A team of scientists discovered that the microbiome of a native plant, Nicotiana attenuata, is more resilient than expected. The study shows that different strains of bacteria within the soil microbiota can form partnerships with the plant and resist antimicrobial peptides, defying previous assumptions about their impact.
Researchers explore the role of diverse bacteria in common urologic diseases affecting children, including urinary tract infections and urge urinary incontinence. Probiotics and dietary modifications show potential to prevent or treat these conditions.
A study found that smoking and obesity individually increase the risk of periodontitis, with their effects being multiplicative. The research discovered unique bacterial patterns in obese smokers and non-smokers, highlighting the need for precision dentistry incorporating multiple metrics.
A new study proposes using AI algorithms to diagnose and treat diseases related to gut microbiota in cancer patients. The technology has the potential to identify new associations and improve understanding of the human microbiota.
The study presents a reference catalog of rumen microbial genomes and isolates, targeting economically and environmentally relevant microbes. The collection contains nearly 33,000 degradative Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes that can break down plant cell walls.
The expanded Human Oral Microbiome Database (eHOMD) now contains 772 species, providing a wealth of information for researchers studying oral health and overall wellness. The database's expansion will facilitate work on fighting infectious diseases and better understanding human health and disease.
A study published in PeerJ found that the microbial community on the International Space Station is diverse and closely resembles homes on Earth. The research team compared the bacteria found on the ISS to data from other projects, including the Human Microbiome Project and the Wildlife of Our Homes study.
Two Corynebacteria species have been identified as potential targets to improve skin appearance, with one associated with younger people and the other with older people. The 'old skin' bacteria was found to be associated with skin redness, wrinkles, and age spots.
The Earth Microbiome Project has cataloged over 27,000 samples from diverse environments worldwide, generating the first reference database of bacteria colonizing the planet. The project identifies unique microbial sequences, revealing patterns in microbial community composition across environments and geography.
Julia Oh has received a $2.8 million NIH grant to explore engineered probiotic treatments for skin diseases. Her research aims to harness the skin microbiome to create new therapeutics.
A comprehensive study monitored microbial load, diversity and dynamics in a closed habitat for 520 days, finding human-associated bacteria to be the main source of microbial dispersal. The researchers also noted that confinement triggered significant changes in the bacterial community, with diversity decreasing over time.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University engineered GM mosquitoes with altered microbiota that suppresses human malaria-causing parasites. The trait was successfully passed along to multiple generations of offspring, even when combined with wild mosquitoes, and maintained for 7 years.
A new study analyzes thousands of new measurements of microbial communities from various sites in the body, providing insights into how microbes work together to maintain human health. The research identifies differences unique to an individual's microbes and tracks them across the body over time.
A recent study has uncovered millions of previously unknown genes from microbial communities in the human gut, skin, mouth, and vaginal microbiome. The research triples the amount of data previously analyzed and provides new insights into the role these microbes play in human health and disease.
Several studies explore patient preferences, online presence, and treatment outcomes for various otolaryngology conditions. Research also examines the impact of age on complications following free flap surgery and the effects of common ear drops on tympanic membrane healing.
A new paradigm for microbiome research suggests that each person's microbiome responds differently to stress, rather than following a predictable pattern. This concept, called the Anna Karenina principle, has key implications for antibiotic therapy, chronic disease management and other medical approaches.
The 2017 Massry Prize recognizes the groundbreaking research of Knight, Gordon, and Pace on the human microbiome. Their work has led to a deeper understanding of microbes' role in human health and disease, with applications in fields such as medicine and environmental science.
A new study led by University of Pennsylvania researchers found a link between diabetes and changes in the oral microbiome, which increases pathogenicity and leads to inflammation and bone loss. The study showed that transferring the oral microbiome from diabetic mice to normal mice induced rapid bone loss.
A NASA study found that human presence in closed habitats increases fungal diversity and changes the composition of the mycobiome. Fungi, known for their ability to thrive in harsh environments, can become opportunistic pathogens in humans.
Researchers at Penn found that a perturbed skin microbiome can be transmitted to uninfected mice, leading to heightened inflammatory responses and more severe disease. The study also hints at the potential for practical implications in treating people with leishmaniasis.
Researchers discovered that the skin microbiome contains archaea, a type of extreme-loving microbe, which vary in abundance with age. The study found that archaea were most abundant in subjects younger than 12 and older than 60, and people with dry skin have more archaea.
A new study found that vaginal bacteria can alter the sexual transmission of Zika and herpes simplex virus-2. The presence of Lactobacillus bacteria was associated with reduced replication of herpes simplex virus-2, while some microbiomes lacking Lactobacillus allowed for increased replication of Zika virus.
Researchers propose five broad research priorities to understand relationships between beneficial microbes and plant health, aiming to improve agricultural productivity and sustainable practices. The 'core microbiome' and functional mechanisms of microbiome assembly and resilience will be studied to develop new tools for analyzing micr...
A new study reveals that variability in shared resources available to microbes in the human body explains significant person-to-person differences in microbial species abundance. The research also found that closely related species tend to share common resources and are more abundant in certain body sites.
Researchers call for a coordinated effort to understand plant-microbiome interactions to improve plant health and agricultural productivity. Five key research priorities are proposed to address nutrient use, stress tolerance, disease resistance, microbiome assembly, and functional mechanisms.
Researchers developed a new statistical framework to study microbial evolution using geology-inspired methods, identifying diverse bacteria adapting to various environments on the human body
Researchers from Canadian and international institutions discuss the impact of microbes on human health, disease, and society, as well as the neural basis of emotional memories. They also explore quantum computing and its potential to revolutionize cybersecurity.
A new computational method, FishTaco, integrates taxonomic and functional approaches to identify bacterial species responsible for functional imbalances in the microbiome. Researchers found that diverse combinations of species drive functional imbalances in diseases like type 2 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers at Newcastle University have discovered a 'pedal bin machine' of gut bacteria that acquires nutrients in the human large bowel. The study provides fundamental insights into the functioning of the microbiota and its role in human health and nutrition.
Catherine Girard, a Canadian researcher, studied the diet and health of the local Inuit population in Resolute Bay. Her findings, published in mSphere, mark the first time that Inuit microbiome has been described, revealing a surprisingly similar gut microbiome compared to Montreal residents.
Researchers propose a unifying framework for managing environmental microbiomes, highlighting the importance of preserving biodiversity in maintaining human health. The study suggests that altering microbial diversity can have significant impacts on human health, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies.
The microbiome plays a crucial role in human health and disease, making it essential for personalized medicine. Research suggests that understanding the microbiome's interactions with genetics, environment, and lifestyle can lead to more effective treatments, including targeted therapies and antibiotics.
Rhode Island Hospital has been awarded a $500,000 CDC grant to investigate the relationship between antibiotics and multi-drug resistant bacteria. The research aims to identify patients at risk of acquiring these resistant bacteria by analyzing their microbiome.