Articles tagged with Bones
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers use bio-ferrography to capture tiny particles in synovial fluid, enabling the creation of a diagnostic atlas for orthopedic surgeons. The atlas will help identify potential problems with implants prior to revision surgery.
Researchers used titanium mesh and bone marrow cells to promote new bone growth in rats, achieving better results with fibronectin-coated mesh and a flow perfusion system. The study presents an alternative method for treating bone defects and highlights the potential for improving cell growth and bone mineralization.
Actonel significantly reduced fracture risk in high-risk postmenopausal women, with a 62% reduction seen at one year. The medication was found to be effective in reducing spinal fractures in patients over 70 years old and those with low hip BMD.
Researchers found no difference in life expectancy between single- and multiple-fraction radiotherapy for painful bone metastases. Single-fraction radiotherapy is more cost-effective, with a lower treatment cost of $2,438 compared to $3,311 for multiple-fraction radiotherapy.
Researchers have discovered that bone formation in a regenerated forelimb combines elements of embryonic development and adult wound healing. MicroCT imaging reveals that bone formation does not occur in the same order as previously thought, but rather follows a pattern similar to normal fracture recovery.
Researchers discovered that calcitonin knockout mice have greater bone mass and increased bone formation, suggesting a novel function for the calcitonin gene product. This finding has implications for preventing bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency, potentially leading to new treatments for post-menopausal osteoporosis.
Research reveals that mice without the calcitonin gene exhibit greater bone mass and formation, suggesting a novel function for this hormone. This discovery opens up new avenues for preventing bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency.
A study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research found that postmenopausal women who quit or cut back on smoking experienced a significant drop in SHBG and NTx levels, two proteins linked to bone loss. This discovery may help explain how smoking contributes to osteoporosis in this demographic.
Researchers have discovered that angiopoietin-1 can restore faulty blood vessel architecture in mice by promoting sprouting, survival, and stability of new vessels. This study highlights the importance of pericytes in maintaining normal vessel stability and may lead to new treatments for diseases like diabetic retinopathy.
Recent studies have found that hospitalists provide better patient outcomes in terms of reduced costs, shorter hospital stays, and lower short-term mortality rates compared to non-hospitalist physicians. The benefits of hospitalist care became evident only after the second year of both studies, highlighting the importance of experience...
Engineers mimic nature's solution to a classic problem in aerospace engineering by recreating part of a horse bone's unique structure. The biomimetic plate pushes stresses away from holes, resulting in increased strength and reduced weight.
Researchers have identified two compounds that inhibit PTHrP production, reducing metastatic bone breakdown and tumor burden. The findings suggest potential therapeutic benefits for treating both bone metastasis and hypercalcemia in breast cancer patients.
Researchers discover two compounds that inhibit parathyroid hormone-related protein production in human breast cancer cells, reducing metastatic bone breakdown and calcium levels. The findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach to treating bone metastasis and hypercalcemia in breast cancer patients.
Postmenopausal women taking glucocorticoids are at a significantly increased risk of spinal fractures, with nearly six-fold higher odds compared to those not using the medication. Long-term use for chronic diseases can lead to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO), which increases the risk of fracture.
A new study published in the journal Science suggests that estren, a synthetic compound, can build bone and improve bone density and strength without affecting reproductive organs. The findings may indicate a potential alternative to standard hormone replacement therapy for treating osteoporosis in both men and women.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a technique to create a porous, 3D bony matrix similar to natural bone. The method uses flowing fluids to provide mechanical stimulation, resulting in thicker and more developed mineralized bone compared to static samples.
The USPSTF recommends that physicians routinely screen women over 65 for osteoporosis, a thinning of the bones that can lead to bone fracture. Women at higher than average risk should begin screening at age 60. Early nephrologist care is associated with better outcomes for kidney disease patients, particularly those with African-Americ...
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have successfully created cartilage-like tissue using adult stem cells in a minimally invasive procedure. The technique involves injecting a fluid filled with stem cells and nutrients into damaged tissue, where it hardens into a stable gel that can be replaced by new bone or cartilage.
Children who avoided drinking milk in early life have low dietary calcium intakes and poor bone health, including significantly smaller bones and a higher incidence of fractures. The study highlights the importance of increasing calcium intake in growing skeletons to mitigate these effects.
Researchers created mice lacking SHIP gene to understand how bone forms and breaks down in diseases like JPD. The study reveals that mice with deficient SHIP develop osteoclasts similar to those found in humans with JPD, leading to severely osteoporotic conditions.
A new study finds that low-carbohydrate, high-protein diets may increase the risk of developing kidney stones and raising bone loss. Researchers observed a significant decrease in urinary citrate levels and an increase in acid excretion in subjects following these diets.
A genetic mutation in the NOG gene causes autosomal dominant stapes ankylosis, a rare hearing loss syndrome with similar symptoms to otosclerosis. The syndrome is characterized by skeletal abnormalities and may require different treatment options.
Researchers found two Navajo patients missing the osteoprotegerin gene, leading to a rare bone disorder characterized by fast bone formation and breakdown. The study provides a genetic cause for Juvenile Paget's Disease (JPD) and sheds light on bone metabolism control.
The ACP-ASIM published 'Osteoporosis' guide provides the latest scientific evidence on osteoporosis and essential information on its origins and progress. It addresses every facet of osteoporosis, a common disease that can be identified through non-invasive tests and treated with new effective drugs to reduce fractures.
Women with irregular periods are at increased risk of developing osteoporosis later in life, according to a recent study. The research found that nearly all women with premature ovarian failure reported changes in their menstrual cycle, highlighting the importance of early evaluation and treatment.
A study by UCSF found that consuming excessive salt increases calcium loss, while a potassium supplement helps maintain bone density. Potassium-rich foods like bananas and spinach can be beneficial for preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Young women with anorexia nervosa exhibit varying reactions to bone density results, with some finding motivation for recovery later in their course. The timing of the measurement seemed to be a key factor in these responses.
A recent study published in JCI Journals reveals a significant connection between the brain and bone health, with implications for osteoporosis treatment. The findings suggest that certain neurological factors contribute to the development of bone disorders, opening up new avenues for therapy.
A high-protein diet supplemented with calcium and vitamin D was found to increase bone mineral density in older adults. The study showed that higher protein intake, particularly in combination with adequate calcium levels, can promote bone health and reduce the risk of fractures.
A long-term follow-up study of over 800 postmenopausal women found that stopping hormone replacement therapy resumes bone loss at a rate similar to those who never took the drugs. The study showed that while bone mass increased in the first 36 months after starting hormone replacement therapy, there was little gain after that.
A randomized study by Tufts University researchers found that high protein diets combined with sufficient calcium intake can improve bone mass density in older adults. The study suggests that adequate calcium is crucial to mitigate the negative effects of protein on bone health.
Excavations at Kostenki in Russia reveal that anatomically modern humans were developing new technologies for survival in the cold region around 30,000 to 40,000 years ago. The discoveries include bone and ivory needles with eyelets, as well as trapping techniques for obtaining furs.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have developed a novel imaging technique to detect tiny tumors that cause a rare bone disorder. The method, which uses radioactive pentetreotide to identify tumor locations, has correctly pinpointed tumors in five of seven patients with oncogenic osteomalacia.
A diagnostic scan called capromab pendetide immunoscintigraphy can detect recurrent disease if it is localized to the area of prior prostate surgery or has spread to other parts of the body. The study found that this imaging tool is more sensitive than CT and bone scans in identifying the site and extent of disease recurrence.
A Mayo Clinic study has confirmed the effectiveness of samarium as a treatment option for osteosarcoma, with 24 of 30 patients experiencing a good to excellent response. The radioactive drug targets tumors in the bone, killing off cancer cells and reducing side effects associated with chemotherapy.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins have identified GNAS1 as the gene responsible for progressive osseus heteroplasia (POH), a disease causing rice-size bone fragments to form under the skin and inside organs. The discovery may lead to new treatments blocking problem-causing bone fragments and potentially treating other bone problems like oste...
Researchers have identified matrix metalloproteinases as a key player in the spread of prostate cancer to the bone, offering a new target for treatment. Additionally, a genetic marker may be useful in predicting survival rates for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, while oral contraceptive use has been found to reduce ovarian...
A study is underway to test the effectiveness of zoledronate, a bisphosphonate medication, in preventing bone loss in spinal cord injury patients. The results could also have implications for astronauts on long-duration space missions, where bone loss is a significant concern.
Researchers create self-assembled nanofibers resembling collagen fibrils in real bone, enabling mineralization and promoting cell attachment. The synthetic nanofibers offer potential applications in bone fractures, tissue regeneration, and electronics.
A genetic 'thermostat' called LRP5 regulates bone mass during growth and may contribute to normal variation in bone strength. The discovery could lead to new treatments for rare genetic disorders and potentially increase bone density in the general population.
A new ultrasound technique using fetal nasal bone examination at 11-14 weeks pregnancy improved the accuracy of Down's syndrome screening by increasing sensitivity to 85% and reducing false positives. The study found that fetuses without a nasal bone were 150 times more likely to have trisomy 21 compared to normal fetuses.
The researchers are studying the otolith - the ear bone of the bluefin tuna - to see why its numbers have been dwindling for 25 years. By analyzing the layering of the otolith, they can determine the age of the fish and its nursery areas.
Researchers found evidence of advanced stone tool technology and symbolic thinking in Africa, challenging the long-held assumption that modern human behavior emerged later. The discovery of 28 bone tools at Blombos Cave suggests that 'behavioral modernity' first evolved in Africa around 35,000 years ago.
A study presented at the American College of Gastroenterology meeting found that Actonel 5mg daily significantly reduced vertebral fracture risk by 70% in patients on chronic glucocorticoid therapy. Patients who received calcium supplementation and vitamin D also experienced significant reductions in bone loss.
Premenopausal women who use oral contraceptives may experience lower bone mineral density compared to those who do not use hormonal birth control. The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study found a significant correlation between oral contraceptive use and decreased bone mineral density in premenopausal women.
New findings show that Actonel therapy can reduce clinical vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women as early as six months. The data suggests that treatment with Actonel can stop the fracture cascade and improve bone health.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital found that medication pamidronate prevented bone loss in men with prostate cancer who received androgen-deprivation therapy. The study showed significant differences in bone mineral density between the treatment and control groups.
Researchers are developing a compact machine called AMPDXA to precision measure tissue mass, bone density and geometry. This instrument will aid in preventing weakened bones and fractures for astronauts returning to Earth or landing on another planet.
Consuming caffeinated carbonated beverages results in small but significant increases in urinary calcium excretion, displacing milk's role as a major source of bone-building calcium. Regular consumption leads to nutrient deficiencies, causing bone loss.
A team of researchers, led by George Cybenko and Sue McGrath, are developing a mobile agent-based system to monitor bone loss in astronauts during extended space missions. The system will analyze data on urinary calcium, diet, exercise, atmospheric conditions, and medical history to provide timely feedback and prevent bone loss.
The AI-powered Author system can generate readable prose, including dialogue and short stories, by analyzing a story plan and applying rules to create grammatically correct sentences. However, it still lacks the ability to discern fact from fiction, which is a significant hurdle before it can be used for hot news reporting.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis discovered that blood vessels signal the onset of bone loss in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. The discovery sheds light on how inflamed blood vessels trigger a cascade of events leading to local bone destruction.
A University of Cincinnati doctoral student and her team have found conclusive evidence of burnt animal sacrifice in Bronze Age Greece, supporting details in Homer's 'The Odyssey'. The Pylos bones date back to the 13th century B.C. and provide historical credence to the practice.
A retrospective analysis found that Risedronate reduced nonvertebral fracture risk by 69% at six months, compared to a 54% reduction in risk for patients taking Alendronate. This study suggests that Risedronate is an effective treatment option for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
A UCSF study found that elderly women who consume a higher amount of animal-based protein compared to vegetable-based protein are at an increased risk of bone loss and hip fractures. The researchers believe this is due to the high acid content in animal products, which can lead to bone dissolution over time.
A recent study published by the Mayo Clinic has found that estrogen plays a crucial role in preventing bone resorption in elderly men. The research suggests that estrogen is essential for maintaining optimal bone metabolism in aging men, and highlights the importance of osteoporosis prevention for this demographic.
A recent Penn study reveals that bone is actively involved in the process of sinus disease, confirming a link between bone involvement and disease spread and chronicity. The study suggests that removal of bony partitions during endoscopic sinus surgery may be crucial for effective treatment.
Researchers have uncovered a crucial interaction between an enzyme and osteoclasts, cells responsible for removing bone in the body. The connection may provide a novel target for future medications to block bone erosion associated with osteoporosis and cancers.
A new study by UNC Chapel Hill researchers found that pregnant women with low calcium intake have higher levels of lead in their bloodstream due to rapid bone turnover. Calcium consumption can minimize this effect, but the study also suggests that even low-level exposure may pose health risks.
Researchers found that alcohol feeding impaired osteoblast function and led to increased bone turnover, contributing to bone fragility. In contrast, mice lacking the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene had better maintained bone mass and reduced fractures.