Articles tagged with Brain Tissue
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Researchers discovered a link between uremic solutes and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) activation in CKD patients. This finding may lead to new clinical blood tests and medication development targeting AHR inhibitors for treating CKD complications.
Researchers create highly sensitive implant that detects and transmits NMR data from nanoliter volumes of brain oxygen metabolism. The breakthrough design enables unparalleled spatial and temporal resolution for probing brain physiology.
Researchers at Cornell University and Virginia Tech found that shaking the head to free trapped water in the ear canal can cause brain damage in small children, due to acceleration of up to 10 times gravity. A solution using liquids with lower surface tension, such as alcohol or vinegar, may help remove water without causing harm
Researchers develop a new technique to grow miniature organs with functional blood vessels and immune cells, simulating human embryonic tissues. This breakthrough allows for more efficient disease research and potential transplantation of transplanted tissue.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that lithium can reverse cognitive problems caused by radiation damage in mice, improving memory capacity and learning capability. The study suggests a potential new treatment for damage caused by brain tumor radiotherapy.
Researchers warn of e-cigarette dangers, citing damage to brain, heart, and blood vessels, as well as increased risk of nicotine addiction. Governments are urged to take action to prevent young people's access to tobacco products and curb marketing.
Scientists propose that Parkinson's disease can be divided into two subtypes, with some cases starting in the gut and others in the brain. This hypothesis reconciles discrepant findings from neuropathological literature, suggesting a more complex understanding of the disorder's origins.
Research at the University of Manchester shows that tiny vesicles called liposomes can potentially transport life-saving drugs across the brain's blood-brain barrier following a stroke. This breakthrough offers a new way to get vital drugs to the lesions and stop further damage.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have identified 10 novel glioblastoma-specific endothelial cell transcripts that could represent potential tumour-targets for therapy. The study uses a new method to process human brain tissue data and identifies disease-related changes in cells lining tumour blood vessels.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic identified distinct patterns of brain damage associated with different Alzheimer's subtypes and age of onset. These findings suggest that available therapies will be most effective for patients with the hippocampal-sparing subtype and young-onset form of the disease.
The McLean Hospital Brain Bank has received a new contract from the NIH to fund 180 brains per year, allowing for enhanced procedures and deeper understanding of brain pathology in psychiatric disorders. The center is part of the NeuroBioBank national resource for investigators using postmortem brain tissue.
Researchers have discovered a protective protein called haptoglobin that prevents free hemoglobin from damaging neurons after brain hemorrhage. By administering purified haptoglobin directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, they were able to prevent vasospasms and block toxic effects.
A new virus, BeHV, has been found in nearly a third of the US bald eagle population, causing seizures and liver damage. The virus is related to human hepatitis C and was found in eagles without symptoms of the fatal disease, Wisconsin River Eagle Syndrome.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study found that even people with well-controlled epilepsy often experience cognitive deficits due to abnormal brain electrical activity called high-frequency oscillations. The research suggests that certain medications or implantable devices could be improved to alleviate these deficits.
A study led by UCLA researchers found that suppressing the mutation in astrocytes can stop the progression of Huntington's disease in mice and repair some of the damage. The findings suggest that impaired astrocytes play a role in many neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's and ALS.
A recent study has found greater signs of blood vessel damage than nerve damage in traumatic brain injuries, challenging the ongoing hypothesis that blunt force causes nerve damage. The researchers' discovery could influence the development of new treatments and therapies for TBI.
Researchers developed a microfluidic device to keep brain tissue viable for months using a semi-permeable membrane, allowing gas exchange while preventing dehydration or drowning. This breakthrough enables long-term study of biological development and organogenesis, facilitating drug discovery and tissue research.
A study using sensor-enabled mouthguard technology and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI found that repetitive impacts cause damage to small blood vessels in the brain, leading to 'leaky' blood vessels visible on MRI scans. The research aims to improve player safety in sports with robust return-to-play guidelines.
Researchers at Hebrew University have developed an MRI technique that can detect molecular changes in the brain, allowing for early disease diagnosis and treatment. This non-invasive method provides biological readouts of brain tissue, enabling doctors to compare scans over time and differentiate between healthy and diseased tissue.
Researchers found that Zika virus replicates in adult human brain tissue and impairs synapse function and memory in infected mice. The study showed that the virus causes a strong inflammatory response, leading to microglia activation and synapse damage, resulting in memory loss.
Researchers developed the MasSpec Pen to rapidly identify tissue molecular profiles for predictive diagnoses. The device uses machine learning algorithms and is being tested on human patients, showing promising results.
A global study finds that birds with smaller brains thrive in variable environments by using alternative ecological strategies, such as large bodies and high reproductive rates. In contrast, big-brained birds are less adaptable and invest more time in raising fewer offspring.
As humans age, their brains receive increased load from the heart's beating due to stiffening large arteries, causing damage to smallest blood vessels. The hippocampus, crucial for episodic memory, is particularly vulnerable to this increased stress.
Researchers developed a tissue model that mimics blood-brain barrier disruption in Alzheimer's disease, showing how damaged barriers allow harmful molecules to enter the brain. The model also revealed that restoring the blood-brain barrier with certain drugs can slow down neuron cell death.
Research found structural changes in brain after one football season, despite no clinically diagnosed concussions. The study used MRI scans and helmet accelerometers to track player injuries.
Researchers from Stevens Institute of Technology have identified two brain regions vulnerable to side hits that lead to concussions. The study reveals how rotational accelerations cause mechanical vibrations in these regions, resulting in tissue and cell damage. This knowledge can help develop safer sports helmets.
A Rutgers-led team developed a groundbreaking procedure using a paramedian forehead flap to repair a patient's skull base after all other treatments failed. The innovative technique successfully closed the hole and prevented cerebrospinal fluid leak and meningitis.
A new Phase III clinical trial will assess the efficacy and safety of thrombectomy procedure in patients with larger ischemic strokes. The trial aims to determine if thrombectomy is safe and effective for this population, which has limited treatment options.
A new study reveals significant differences in brain tissue and connectivity between impacted patients and healthy individuals, particularly in the cerebellum. The findings may underlie clinical findings previously reported by the Penn team, suggesting a novel pathway for neurological symptoms.
Researchers have discovered that projection neurons are damaged by immune cells in MS patients' brains, leading to brain shrinkage and cognitive changes. This finding provides a platform for targeted therapies to be developed.
A study published in PNAS has identified a potential treatment for CRPS by targeting IL-1-induced neuroinflammation. The researchers transferred antibodies from patients with long-lasting CRPS to mice and found that blocking IL-1 with a clinically available drug, anakinra, helped prevent and reverse the condition.
New research reveals that tissues can respond to light changes independently of the central clock in the brain, maintaining minimal functions even when other tissues fail. This autonomy has significant implications for health, particularly in regards to premature aging and pathologies caused by daily phase differences.
The University of Texas at Arlington has received a DURIP grant to purchase equipment that can determine the severity of brain injuries, even those that are not immediately apparent. The new equipment will be used to expand associate professor Ashfaq Adnan's research in damage detection for blast-related traumatic brain injuries.
Researchers found that xenon gas treatment shortly after a head injury prevents early death and long-term cognitive impairment in mice. The treatment also protects brain tissue and reduces inflammation, which may lead to new treatments for people with TBI. This study provides promising results for future human trials.
Researchers developed a machine-learning approach to distinguish critical markers of Alzheimer's disease using computer-aided analysis. The tool can process large amounts of data quickly and accurately, enabling neuropathologists to analyze thousands of times more samples than before.
A new study suggests that adding hydrogen to respiratory gases could further protect babies' brains during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. The treatment, combined with hypothermia, reduced seizures, tissue injury and chemical markers of brain damage in animal models.
Researchers analyzed neurofilament light protein in blood samples to detect accelerating nerve cell damage in the brain. The study suggests that blood tests can indicate if a drug affects nerve cell loss, improving diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory created a technique to break the acoustic diffraction limit in PACT by localizing single dyed droplets flowing in blood vessels, achieving six-fold finer resolution. The droplets provide excellent tracers for super-resolution imaging and enable tracking of blood flow speed.
Researchers found that older brains with low TRIM9 levels are prone to extensive swelling following stroke, but increasing the gene's expression improves recovery. The study aims to identify what triggers TRIM9 gene expression to develop potential treatments.
Researchers developed a method to distinguish tumor margins from healthy tissues using bright spot analysis in confocal microscopy. The technique showed promise in differentiating glioblastoma tumors from surrounding brain tissue and has potential applications for tumors without 5-ALA-derived red fluorescence.
Research detects structural changes in white matter of the brain six weeks after stopping alcohol consumption. The study refutes the idea that brain damage normalizes immediately after quitting drinking.
The Slide-seq technique generates detailed three-dimensional maps of tissues, revealing the location and activity of cell types and genes. This platform offers unparalleled views of tissue function, allowing researchers to study cellular relationships, gene expression, and responses to perturbations.
Researchers found that retinal ganglion cells depend on the primary visual area of the brain to remain healthy, leading to permanent visual impairment. However, some eye cells remain connected to unscathed neurons in the visual cortex, suggesting a potential for vision recovery through neuroplasticity-based therapies.
Diattenuation Imaging enables precise investigation of brain tissue by measuring polarization-dependent attenuation of light. The method distinguishes between regions with thin and thick nerve fibers, aiding in the study of neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis.
A Baycrest study reveals that adults experiencing frequent forgetfulness or distraction may be displaying earlier symptoms of cerebral small vessel disease, a 'silent stroke'. Individuals with brain damage from these strokes reported poor attentiveness and being sidetracked more frequently on day-to-day tasks.
Researchers found epigenetic changes in the brain's emotional center that last a lifetime, leading to increased risk of psychological problems and addiction. Early-onset drinkers showed reduced BDNF levels, which can impair normal brain development.
A new study by Cardiff University reveals that aging damages white matter cells, which can affect grey matter in the hippocampus and cognitive function. Researchers found that damage to support cells in white matter may lead to tissue health issues in the hippocampus, a region important for memory and involved in Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that a minimally invasive surgery combining clot-busting drug and catheter drainage reduced swelling and improved prognoses in hemorrhagic stroke patients. The study showed that every 10 milliliter increase in swelling volume was associated with a 25% higher risk of death at 30 days.
Researchers developed a new skin test to detect prion infections before symptoms appear, using RT-QuIC and sPMCA methods. The study demonstrates the preclinical utility of skin samples in detecting prions, which could serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis.
Researchers have developed a new way to image the brain with unprecedented resolution and speed, revealing individual neurons and their connections. The technique combines expansion microscopy with lattice light-sheet microscopy, allowing for rapid imaging of large volumes of brain tissue.
Research demonstrates how solid stress from brain tumors impacts surrounding tissue, leading to neurological dysfunction and neuronal cell death. Lithium treatment is identified as a promising strategy for preserving function in compressed brain tissue.
A NIH study suggests that hyperactive immune systems may contribute to the development of age-related brain disorders. Altering a key gene involved in early brain development led to increased autophagy failure and subsequent immune system attack on dopamine-releasing neurons, causing neurodegenerative damage.
Researchers have discovered that protein clumps, particularly pα-syn*, recruit enzymes and tau to damage brain cells, leading to mitochondrial destruction. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease, shedding light on potential treatment targets.
Research suggests Zika virus may use the same immune transfer route as dengue to infect Hofbauer cells in the placenta, leading to increased viral binding and entry. This finding has implications for understanding Zika's ability to cross the placental barrier.
The Lyme Disease Biobank now accepts tissue donations from patients undergoing knee-replacements and similar surgeries, as well as patients who die with Lyme disease. Researchers aim to explore the ability of Lyme bacteria to invade tissues and organs, leading to medical breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment.
A Rutgers study suggests that extremely high blood pressure is responsible for severe organ damage due to hypertensive emergencies in African-Americans with diabetes. Better controlling blood pressure can help prevent life-threatening complications and target organ damage associated with hypertensive emergencies.
MIT engineers have created a new technique to detect electromagnetic signals in the brain using minimally invasive MRI sensors, enabling spatially accurate pinpointing of electrical activity. The sensors can also detect light produced by luminescent proteins, expanding their potential applications in neuroscience and beyond.
Researchers detected myelin loosening in concussed athletes two weeks after injury, even though they felt fine. This can slow signal transmission between brain cells and may lead to long-term damage.
Research highlights that babies in prams are exposed to up to 60% more pollution than their parents, posing potential risks to frontal lobe development and cognitive abilities. The study suggests innovative technological solutions, community activism, and exposure-centric policies as key to improving air quality for children.
A new study by researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that women's brains are five times more extensive in damaged tissue after repeated soccer heading compared to male players. The study suggests sex-specific guidelines may be necessary for preventing soccer-related head injuries.