Articles tagged with Brain Tissue
A Baycrest study reveals that adults experiencing frequent forgetfulness or distraction may be displaying earlier symptoms of cerebral small vessel disease, a 'silent stroke'. Individuals with brain damage from these strokes reported poor attentiveness and being sidetracked more frequently on day-to-day tasks.
A new study by Cardiff University reveals that aging damages white matter cells, which can affect grey matter in the hippocampus and cognitive function. Researchers found that damage to support cells in white matter may lead to tissue health issues in the hippocampus, a region important for memory and involved in Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that a minimally invasive surgery combining clot-busting drug and catheter drainage reduced swelling and improved prognoses in hemorrhagic stroke patients. The study showed that every 10 milliliter increase in swelling volume was associated with a 25% higher risk of death at 30 days.
Researchers developed a new skin test to detect prion infections before symptoms appear, using RT-QuIC and sPMCA methods. The study demonstrates the preclinical utility of skin samples in detecting prions, which could serve as a biomarker for early diagnosis.
Researchers have developed a new way to image the brain with unprecedented resolution and speed, revealing individual neurons and their connections. The technique combines expansion microscopy with lattice light-sheet microscopy, allowing for rapid imaging of large volumes of brain tissue.
Research demonstrates how solid stress from brain tumors impacts surrounding tissue, leading to neurological dysfunction and neuronal cell death. Lithium treatment is identified as a promising strategy for preserving function in compressed brain tissue.
A NIH study suggests that hyperactive immune systems may contribute to the development of age-related brain disorders. Altering a key gene involved in early brain development led to increased autophagy failure and subsequent immune system attack on dopamine-releasing neurons, causing neurodegenerative damage.
Researchers have discovered that protein clumps, particularly pα-syn*, recruit enzymes and tau to damage brain cells, leading to mitochondrial destruction. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease, shedding light on potential treatment targets.
Research suggests Zika virus may use the same immune transfer route as dengue to infect Hofbauer cells in the placenta, leading to increased viral binding and entry. This finding has implications for understanding Zika's ability to cross the placental barrier.
The Lyme Disease Biobank now accepts tissue donations from patients undergoing knee-replacements and similar surgeries, as well as patients who die with Lyme disease. Researchers aim to explore the ability of Lyme bacteria to invade tissues and organs, leading to medical breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment.
A Rutgers study suggests that extremely high blood pressure is responsible for severe organ damage due to hypertensive emergencies in African-Americans with diabetes. Better controlling blood pressure can help prevent life-threatening complications and target organ damage associated with hypertensive emergencies.
MIT engineers have created a new technique to detect electromagnetic signals in the brain using minimally invasive MRI sensors, enabling spatially accurate pinpointing of electrical activity. The sensors can also detect light produced by luminescent proteins, expanding their potential applications in neuroscience and beyond.
Researchers detected myelin loosening in concussed athletes two weeks after injury, even though they felt fine. This can slow signal transmission between brain cells and may lead to long-term damage.
Research highlights that babies in prams are exposed to up to 60% more pollution than their parents, posing potential risks to frontal lobe development and cognitive abilities. The study suggests innovative technological solutions, community activism, and exposure-centric policies as key to improving air quality for children.
A new study by researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that women's brains are five times more extensive in damaged tissue after repeated soccer heading compared to male players. The study suggests sex-specific guidelines may be necessary for preventing soccer-related head injuries.
Researchers have successfully generated brain tissue with all major cell types using organoid technology, providing a more accurate representation of human brain development. This breakthrough enables the study of neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease in laboratory-dish models.
Researchers developed a 3D super-resolution nanoscope that provides unprecedented detail of brain molecules, shedding light on Alzheimer's disease progression. The instrument helped understand the structure of amyloid plaques, pinpointing their characteristics responsible for damage, and revealed their interactions with surrounding cells.
Researchers at UMBC developed nanoparticles that increase blast trauma survival rates and reduce anxiety. The nanoparticles also protect the brain from damage by reducing signs of inflammatory cells and neural cell death.
A study of over 1,500 participants found that rising chronic inflammation in middle age was associated with brain damage and poor cognition. Researchers suggest reducing inflammation through lifestyle changes may help prevent or delay dementia.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new mechanism for transporting water to the brain, challenging the long-held belief that osmosis is responsible. The co-transporter process could potentially be targeted with medicine to treat conditions like brain haemorrhage and hydrocephalus.
Researchers found that patients with high blood pressure are at higher risk of developing dementia and show early signs of brain damage on MRI scans. These changes can be detected before symptoms appear, allowing for earlier intervention to prevent further deterioration.
Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor MANF administered to rats after ischemic brain injury promoted reversal of behavioral impairments. MANF treatment transiently increased phagocytic macrophages, suggesting a potential beneficial effect on inflammation and tissue repair.
Researchers developed an imaging technique that reveals tiny brain motions induced by blood pulsation and CSF flow, enabling better visualization of brain motion. This method promises a long-awaited diagnostic tool for obstructive brain disorders, such as Chiari malformation I.
Researchers at Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine have created an advanced brain organoid that closely resembles human brain anatomy. This innovation enables faster drug discovery and screening for neurological conditions, as well as improved understanding of the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers at UCLA used a bioengineered gel to regenerate neurons and blood vessels in mice with stroke-damaged brains. After 16 weeks, the gel helped fill in the stroke cavity, resulting in improved motor behavior in the affected mice.
A new model reveals that brain cooling can reduce pressure inside the head, relieving swelling and further injury. Cooling newborn babies' scalps to 10C could help their core brain temperature fall, aiding recovery from birth complications.
A novel therapy inhibits complement activation in affected brain tissue to preserve neurons and reduce inflammation after stroke. This treatment shows promise in preventing chronic inflammation and improving neurological deficits.
New technology tracks brain cell interactions in mice, shedding light on neuronal activity and potential insights into brain disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. The device captures three-dimensional images of neurons flashing on and off as they communicate with each other.
A team of scientists has developed a novel tissue clearing solution, OPTIClear, to visualize microscopic structures in the human brain. This breakthrough enables high-resolution imaging of neuronal circuitries and could accelerate research on brain diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
The study published in Stroke demonstrates that neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC EVs) improved tissue and functional recovery in pigs following ischemic stroke. The results also showed NSC EV treatment was neuroprotective, eliminated intracranial hemorrhage, and improved behavior and mobility.
Researchers have developed thin, flexible polymer-based materials for microelectrode arrays that record brain activity more deeply and with greater specificity. These arrays have been shown to be less invasive and damaging to surrounding cells, allowing for longer recording periods.
A protein involved in Alzheimer's disease may be a promising target for treating HIV-related neurological disorders. Elevated levels of BACE1 and Aβ oligomers were found in postmortem brain tissue of HIV-positive humans, suggesting similar mechanisms of neurotoxicity.
Researchers found that concussions occur when a deep area of the brain shakes rapidly and intensely, straining surrounding tissues. The study's findings suggest a complex relationship between head impacts and brain motion, highlighting the need for further research to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of concussions.
A new microscopy technique called SUSHI allows for simultaneous imaging of all brain cells in a specific region, overcoming previous limitations. This breakthrough enables researchers to gain new insights into brain function and organization, advancing our understanding of healthy and diseased brains.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a new method that extends the viability of donated brain tissue from people with epilepsy to 48 hours. This allows them to study gene therapy treatment and acquire more data from a small number of patients, bringing treatments closer to the patient without direct testing.
Researchers identified an overabundance of calnexin protein in MS brain tissues, leading to resistance in mice models. This finding offers a promising target for developing new therapies to combat the disease.
Researchers have developed a new imaging paradigm to study the extracellular space between brain cells, revealing its complex and dynamic nature. The technique, called SUSHI, provides high-quality 3D reconstructions of brain tissue and has the potential to improve drug delivery within the brain.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have discovered that brain liquefaction after a stroke can be toxic, slowly leaking into the remaining healthy portion of the brain and potentially causing harm. The study suggests that this toxic fluid may contribute to dementia after stroke.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that xenon gas can limit blast-induced brain injury by preventing damage from developing. The study suggests that xenon could be a viable treatment option after blasts occur, potentially reducing debilitating symptoms.
Researchers found that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) values correlate with vital signs and birth weight in critically ill babies. The study suggests that NIRS can provide a more complete picture of babies' health, particularly for those with abnormal brain scans.
University of Texas researchers use supercomputer simulations to study how blast waves affect the brain's perineuronal nets, potentially leading to life-threatening injuries. They also explore materials for space shuttles, aiming to improve their durability and performance.
A clinical trial led by Stanford University researchers found that brain-imaging software identified patients who could benefit from clot-removal procedure up to 10 hours after stroke onset. The study showed improved outcomes for nearly half of patients treated between six and 16 hours after symptoms began.
A new study by the Endovascular Therapy Following Imaging Evaluation for the Ischemic Stroke (DEFUSE 3) trial demonstrated that brain-scan guided emergency stroke treatment can be effective up to 16 hours after symptom onset. The treatment led to improved outcomes, including increased functional independence and survival rates.
Researchers studying nervous system adaptation to ischemic damage hope to develop effective therapeutic strategies by understanding how neural networks function under stress. They have developed methods for modeling different phases of ischemia and studied the features of neural network operation under such effects.
A small pilot study found one sign of CTE in a younger person with epilepsy, but no unique characteristics compared to other participants. Researchers suggest that tau protein deposits may not contribute to cognitive impairment in young patients with localized seizures.
A UTA researcher is working to determine how mechanical forces like blasts or repeated blows to the head can damage neurons and lead to neurological disorders. The goal is to create a computational model that can trace action potential inside neurons, potentially revealing the condition of brain's neurons.
Researchers have invented a device that uses fast-moving fluids to insert flexible, conductive carbon nanotube fibers into the brain, where they can help record neuronal signals. The microfluidic-based technique promises to improve therapies relying on electrodes.
Researchers found that mild traumatic brain injury can lead to lifelong degenerative changes, including learning and working memory impairment. Studies on mice revealed ongoing neuroinflammation and neuron projection degeneration after a single or repetitive TBI, with some animals showing motor deficits.
Researchers detected abnormal prion protein in the skin of nearly two dozen CJD patients and found that healthy mice infected with skin extracts developed prion disease. The study raises questions about potential surgical instrument contamination and the use of skin samples as a diagnostic test for human and animal prion diseases.
Case Western Reserve University researchers found infectious prions in CJD patient skin, which are 1,000-100,000 times lower than in brain tissue. This discovery raises concerns about potential disease transmission through surgeries and may pave the way for less invasive diagnostic techniques.
A recent study has shed light on the causes of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) by revealing how toxic alpha-synuclein clumps disrupt vital parts of neurons and spread through brain connections. The research, led by the University of Edinburgh, used advanced technology to visualize synapses in DLB brains.
In this study, scientists analyzed NO production in brain tissue of rats with simulated ischemia. NO levels decreased up to 2-3 times within 5 hours after stroke signs appeared, lasting for 24 and 72 hours.
Researchers found that gelatin accelerates the healing of the blood-brain barrier after acute brain injury by reducing microglial cell activation and promoting anti-inflammatory responses. This study has significant implications for the development of surgical treatments and brain implants.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that specific brain network connections can predict long-term recovery trajectories in patients with severe brain injury after a cardiac arrest. Functional MRI data analysis identified clusters of brain regions that correlate strongly with functional outcomes.
Researchers analyzed blood and brain tissue data to find epigenetic marks that control gene expression, revealing key connections between genes and immune function. This study suggests that understanding epigenetic connections could lead to new treatments for autism by targeting specific biological pathways.
The VA National PTSD Brain Bank is a resource aimed at providing answers to the complex nature of posttraumatic stress disorder. The bank supports research on the causes, progression, and treatment of PTSD by storing tissue from brains of individuals with PTSD.
A research team led by Eva Dyer has imaged brains at a mesoscale using the most powerful X-ray beams in the country, revealing capillary grids interlacing brain tissues. The technique could open new windows onto how brain signaling networks work and potentially lead to better understanding of neurological diseases.
Researchers have developed a mechanistic model for how healthy bodies function and identified key genetic variants that contribute to complex diseases. The study, co-led by Princeton University scientists, used multi-tissue data from over 449 donors to map associations between genetic variants and gene expression levels.
A new study published in Nature and Nature Genetics describes a comprehensive atlas of gene expression across 42 tissue types, providing insights into the molecular origins of human disease. The study's findings allow researchers to identify genetic factors that cause changes in gene expression and relate them to human disease risk.
Researchers at the University of Georgia's Regenerative Bioscience Center have developed a new US pig model for stroke treatments, which will provide essential preclinical data and speed up the drug discovery process. The model uses induced neural stem cells to replace stroke-damaged brain tissue and stimulate neuroplasticity.