Articles tagged with Scars
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers used embryonic stem cells to study the effects of maternal smoking on liver tissue, revealing a potent cocktail of chemicals harms foetal organs. The study found that cigarette chemicals damage the liver differently in male and female foetuses.
Researchers identified a key protein, SMAD3, that facilitates pro-fibrotic TGF-beta signaling. By blocking this protein, they created a peptide-carrying SNX9 that prevents SMAD3 from entering the nucleus and impacting genes regulated by TGF-beta. This approach may lead to effective treatments for fibrosis-related diseases.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new brain implant design that uses thin fibers to deliver drugs or electrical stimulation with less damage to the brain. The design reduces scarring, potentially allowing devices to remain in the brain for much longer.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky discovered that macrophages play a crucial role in complex tissue regeneration in mammals. The team found that specific subtypes of macrophages are required for regeneration, which could lead to novel clinical approaches to restore damaged tissue in humans.
Researchers found that around 15% of Ebola survivors have distinctive retinal scars, which appear specific to the disease but spare vision. The study also suggests that aqueous fluid analysis can help diagnose Ebola eye disease and enable access to cataract surgery for affected survivors
Scientists have discovered two molecules that enhance tissue repair in vital organs, potentially leading to new treatments for diseases like asthma and fibrosis. The study found specific signals in the lungs and liver can regulate the immune response, aiding in damage repair.
Researchers from Australian National University have found that parturition scars on skeletal remains are not a reliable indicator of childbirth. The technique has been used in police investigations to narrow down identities, but it could lead to complications or delays if incorrectly applied.
A new study published in JCI Insights reveals that increasing SMOC2 levels in the kidney can initiate and continue kidney fibrosis, while reducing SMOC2 levels prevents it. Detecting SMOC2 in urine may help diagnose fibrosis, making it a potential biomarker for early intervention.
Researchers analyzed top 10 film heroes and villains, finding six villains had facial skin issues, including alopecia and hyperpigmentation. The study suggests unfair portrayals of dermatologic conditions may contribute to prejudice and cultural misunderstandings.
Researchers at MIT and Boston Children's Hospital have identified a key signaling molecule that triggers the formation of scar tissue around implantable medical devices. Blocking this molecule prevents scar tissue from forming, extending the lifespan of devices such as glucose sensors, pacemakers, and insulin delivery systems.
Research published in BioDiscovery found that topical curcumin gel significantly reduces burn and scald severity, lessens pain, and improves healing with minimal scarring. Dr. Madalene Heng's study suggests curcumin's anti-inflammatory activity is key to its effectiveness.
A new study by Michigan Medicine researchers found that cells from lung transplant patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) can become activated and promote scarring. The team identified a chain of upstream signals starting with autotaxin, an enzyme that generates lysophosphatidic acid, which stimulates collagen production.
Researchers have discovered a new pathway that likely plays an important role in rejection following kidney transplantation. The findings suggest that targeting specific immune cells or signaling pathways may help prevent tissue scarring.
Researchers compared skin closure methods using glue (Dermabond) versus sutures in a randomized controlled trial. No significant differences were found in wound complications or scar healing between the two groups, suggesting both methods can be safe and successful for skin closure after cesarean delivery.
Researchers at EPFL have identified a key player in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. The study found that impaired SUMOylation of nuclear receptor LRH-1 promotes NAFLD, highlighting potential new treatments and biomarkers for the disease.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have made a groundbreaking discovery in wound healing by transforming myofibroblasts into fat cells. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize dermatology and develop new treatments for conditions such as HIV-related complications and aging skin.
Researchers discovered that early dinosaurs had a far higher level of variation in growth patterns than birds and crocodiles. This variation may have allowed them to survive harsh environmental challenges, but its evolutionary origin remains unclear.
A new study highlights the importance of medical evaluations in refugee asylum cases, but notes a shortage of doctors to conduct them. Lawyers say independent, thorough exams can provide corroboration and reveal additional details, strengthening cases.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine found that stem cells can police themselves to reduce scarring by producing a truncated version of a protein. This discovery holds promise for treating muscle diseases like muscular dystrophy and promoting healthy aging.
Researchers found a link between the loss of hyaluronan and AEC2 stem cell failure, leading to scarring in lungs. The study highlights potential treatment pathways using drugs that stimulate AEC2 cell reproduction.
Researchers discovered that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway blocks collagen production and myofibroblast proliferation in thyroid eye disease. The study suggests AHR ligands may be a novel target for treatment, offering hope for targeted therapies.
Researchers at Lehigh University found gallium nitride has a wear rate approaching that of diamonds, making it suitable for touch screens, space vehicles and RF MEMS. The material's tribological properties have been studied extensively but virtually no studies were done on its resistance to mechanical wear.
A study presented at the Argentine Congress of Cardiology found that smoking rates increased from 42% to 69% in heart attack patients between 2011 and 2015, coinciding with a 100% increase in cigarette affordability. Despite improved treatment for heart attacks, mortality rates remained unchanged.
Researchers have discovered a giant scar beneath the Midwest using a network of seismometers. The Midcontinent Rift, which spans across the region, was formed when the core of North America nearly ripped apart millions of years ago.
Researchers have identified a potential treatment for severe scarring by inhibiting an enzyme called lysyl oxidase, which enables collagen to crosslink and form scar tissue. The compounds, tested in a 'scar-in-a-jar' model, show promise in restoring normal tissue architecture.
Researchers found that pulsed electric field treatment reduced scar size by 58% and improved skin properties after burn injuries in rats. The technology works on a cellular level, targeting specific cells to promote tissue growth and repair.
Researchers at Tel Aviv and Harvard Universities developed a method to control collagen-cell proliferation that produces scarring, using short pulsed electric fields. This technique, called partial irreversible electroporation (pIRE), reduces scar area by 57.9% in animal models.
Researchers link vitamin A metabolism to eye fibrosis, finding that retinoic acid triggers fibroblast signaling promoting scarring. Inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase may prevent ocular fibrosis.
Researchers identified a gene driving scarring in conjunctival tissue, linked to mucous membrane pemphigoid, a common cause of blinding conjunctivitis. Disulfiram treatment effectively reduced inflammation and prevented scarring in mouse models and human cells.
Scientists have created a high-tech material that connects neurons in vitro and is compatible with living organisms in vivo. The 'carbon sponge' stimulates growth of nerve fibers and enables functional connections between different neural populations.
Researchers at UTHealth have developed a patch made from cryopreserved human umbilical cord that may treat spina bifida in utero. The patch utilizes natural material with regenerative properties to promote local tissue growth, reducing the need for future surgeries.
A review paper published in Nature Reviews Drug Discovery suggests targeting non-muscle cells in the heart responsible for cardiac scarring could lead to new treatments for heart disease. Scientists aim to utilize natural reparative processes of fibroblasts to modify scar tissue properties.
Researchers found a distinctive pattern of injury in the brains of deceased military personnel who survived high explosive attacks, suggesting a link between blast exposure and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The study's findings highlight the need for further research to understand the underlying pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury.
Researchers have discovered a combination of cells and genes that can repair damaged heart tissues in animal models of myocardial infarction. The study found that different biological treatments target various aspects of cardiac function and scarring, with some showing significant improvements in contractile function and angiogenesis.
Researchers found that increasing blood flow to the legs through revascularization procedures halted scarring progression and allowed patients to walk longer. However, neither exercise nor revascularization reversed scarring in muscles already damaged by PAD.
Researchers at the University of Southampton have successfully applied advanced 3D imaging technology to study Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) lung tissue samples. The study found that active scarring in IPF progresses in multiple individual sites rather than a large 'wave', offering new hope for targeted treatments.
A new imaging method reveals that IPF foci are complex structures with diverse shapes and sizes, forming at discrete sites of lung injury. This breakthrough may help researchers comprehend the relationship between fibroblastic foci and disease progression in IPF patients.
A new scoring system can accurately predict a person's risk of death from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the world's most prevalent liver disease. The study found that patients with severe NAFLD had a significantly higher risk of mortality, highlighting the importance of identifying patients at risk.
Researchers at Newcastle University have developed a DNA-based blood test that can detect liver scarring, also known as fibrosis, in patients with NAFLD. This breakthrough test measures epigenetic markers to stratify patients into mild or severe liver scarring, offering an early diagnosis and potentially improving patient outcomes.
A recent mouse study reveals that scar-forming cells called astrocytes are required for repair and regrowth following spinal cord injury. The research supports axon growth through astrocyte scars, challenging the long-held idea that scars hinder neuronal regrowth.
New research on Asilisaurus fossils reveals that early dinosaurs grew at a faster rate than previously thought and didn't follow the expected pattern of size being a predictor of maturity. The study found that muscle scars on fossil bones were more related to growth patterns than sex differences.
Researchers at UCLA found that nerve cells regrow better when glial scarring is left intact, challenging the assumption that scars impede regeneration. The study revealed that glial scars can actually stimulate axon growth and regeneration, leading to new approaches for repairing spinal cord injuries.
Biomedical engineers at the University of Toronto have identified an up-and-coming technique called affinity-controlled release, which allows proteins to stay at treatment sites for longer periods. This technology has potential applications in treating a range of medical conditions, including diabetes and stroke.
Medical evaluations of torture victims can significantly impact asylum-granting decisions, with success rates doubling when combined with legal support. Physicians are uniquely positioned to provide comprehensive evaluations and advocate for human rights.
A new study has made significant progress toward a novel approach to convert scar tissue into healthy heart muscle, which could improve the quality of life for people with heart failure. By removing a barrier to conversion, researchers were able to significantly increase the yield of muscle-like cells.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a human gene product called MG53 that regulates wound healing and may control scarring. This discovery could help heal open wounds, decrease recovery time after surgery and reduce the spread of infections.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new biodegradable material that can reduce scarring in blood vessels, potentially preventing deadly blockages. Early tests show the material can reduce cell migration by 57 percent.
Scientists successfully implanted encapsulated insulin-producing human stem cell-derived islet cells into mouse models of diabetes, maintaining long-term blood glucose control without immunosuppression. The study uses chemically-tweaked gel capsules that resist scar tissue buildup, a major hurdle in previous research.
Researchers at the Wyss Institute have discovered that cyclic mechanical stimulation can improve muscle regeneration and reduce scarring, opening doors for new non-biologic therapies. The study used murine models of muscle injury and found a two-and-a-half-fold improvement in muscle regeneration with both magnetized gel and robotic cuf...
The Salk Institute has identified a drug called JQ1 that prevents and reverses liver fibrosis in animals, a condition that replaces normal liver cells with scar tissue until the organ no longer works. This discovery may also treat fibrosis in other organs such as the lung, pancreas, and kidney.
A study published in JAMA Network found that nearly 8% of the population has myocardial scars, indicating a 'silent' heart attack. The majority (78%) of these scars were undetected by electrocardiography or clinical evaluation, highlighting the need for improved detection methods.
Researchers found that combining meshed split skin autographs with autologous cultured proliferating epidermal cells resulted in better wound healing and less scarring. The treatment also showed improved pigmentation for the wounds treated with cultured ECs.
Researchers have discovered a new molecule involved in the development of fibrosis, a condition characterized by inflammation and stiffening of skin tissue. High levels of this molecule, fibulin-5, were found to contribute to increased skin tissue inflammation and stiffening.
Researchers have identified a naturally occurring blood protein called lumican as a key player in the development of excessive scar tissue in fibrotic diseases. The study suggests that lumican triggers a vicious cycle when stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha, leading to increased production of scar tissue.
The 2015 Alaska fire season has surpassed 5 million acres burned, ranking No. 3 on record, and currently 768 fires are active across the state. The annual seasonal rain pattern is expected to help diminish fire activity.
Researchers discovered MIF, a molecule involved in EoE, which can be targeted for therapy. The study suggests a novel approach to treating this hard-to-treat food allergy, offering hope for patients with difficulty swallowing.
The new journal aims to publish current research on scars, burns, and healing from a range of clinical and academic authors. The partnership between SAGE and The Katie Piper Foundation seeks to improve the delivery of burns rehabilitation and scar management.
Research by University of Oxford scientists found that trauma can change the brain even in those without PTSD, with potential implications for early diagnosis and treatment. The study identified specific brain network imbalances and suggests a spectrum of traumatic effect on the brain.
Korean scientists developed a light-activated, mussel protein-based bioadhesive that closes wounds quickly and heals without inflammation or scars. Animal studies proved its superiority to existing options, making it an ideal tissue bonding material for various medical applications.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered a molecular mechanism behind pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome patients. They propose two therapeutic strategies: manipulating CHI3L1 and CRTH2 proteins to slow down scarring.