Articles tagged with Parasites
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have discovered a new pathway used by malaria parasites to infect human cells, providing a potential vaccine target. Blocking both the glycophorin and CR1 pathways results in a 90% decrease in parasite infection, suggesting an effective vaccine could significantly reduce malaria cases.
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute are investigating different aspects of parasite biology, with a focus on developing new treatments. Dr Chris Tonkin is studying Apicomplexan parasites to understand their invasion mechanisms and identify potential targets for drugs.
Scientists have identified a potential new treatment for toxoplasmosis, an infection affecting almost 2 billion people worldwide. Triclosan, commonly found in soaps and toothpastes, has shown promise as a guiding light for developing effective medications.
Toxoplasma gondii parasite triggers stress response mechanism to survive outside host cells, enabling it to find new hosts and infect them. Researchers identify critical pathway that helps the parasite overcome environmental stresses, offering potential new treatments for toxoplasmosis infection.
Researchers have identified a gene mutation that confers resistance to the antibiotic clindamycin in malaria parasites. The findings suggest that current diagnostic tests may be inadequate and highlight the need for new treatment strategies. This study contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of drug resistance in malaria.
A new study found that a Peruvian parasite population had significant genetic instability near the telomere, leading to missed diagnoses from rapid diagnostic tests. The researchers also identified a gene mutation that confers resistance to clindamycin, a commonly administered drug for treating malaria in pregnant women and infants.
Researchers found that adding primaquine to fixed-dose artemisinin combination treatments significantly reduces gametocyte carriage, a key factor in malaria transmission. The artesunate-mefloquine regimen showed the highest cure rate and lowest rates of reinfection.
A chemical compound, NITD609, has shown promising results in clearing malaria parasites from mice after a single oral dose. The compound targets a parasite protein not attacked by existing malaria drugs and has desirable features for a new malaria therapy.
Researchers have found that African trypanosomes avoid human immune systems by mutating surface protein receptors, reducing TLF-1 uptake. This discovery may lead to the development of new therapies against the disease-causing parasites.
Researchers have made progress on a vaccine for Ich, a parasitic disease that causes significant losses in commercial fish farms and home aquarium hobbyists. The study found that vaccination with live Ich theronts and trophonts stimulated production of protective antibodies in channel catfish.
A 48-million-year-old fossilized leaf has revealed evidence of a fungus taking control of ants to turn them into zombies. The discovery sheds light on the evolution of parasitic manipulation in animals.
A study found that infection with malaria parasites during antibiotic treatment developed a vaccine-like immunity against re-infection. Antibiotics can prevent malaria parasite replication in the liver, allowing the immune system to mount a robust defense against future infections.
Researchers have identified a unique metabolic pathway in Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite, which could be targeted with anti-malarial drugs. The discovery, published in Nature, reveals that the parasite uses a double-branched pathway to generate acetyl-CoA, a crucial molecule for its survival.
Researchers discovered that cancer drugs can inhibit Leishmania's survival and infection ability by targeting its TOR kinase proteins. The study highlights the potential of repurposing existing cancer treatments to combat this debilitating parasite.
Researchers successfully engineer mosquitoes immune to malaria parasite, rendering them ineffective vectors for human infection. The breakthrough has significant implications for global health, with an estimated 1 million fatalities annually due to the disease.
A MSU-led research team will use the grant to create new prevention and control strategies for malaria in Malawi, focusing on identifying factors contributing to the disease's incidence and prevalence. The team aims to tailor strategies to specific seasons and locations.
Researchers and graduate students from low-income countries can apply for conference bursaries to attend the Parasite to Prevention conference in Edinburgh, UK. The bursaries cover travel, accommodation, and conference registration costs.
A Ph.D. student has received a fellowship to study the enzyme UDP-galactopyranose mutase, which produces a sugar absent in humans, offering a potential target for drug treatment. The research aims to understand the chemical mechanism and develop new treatments for Chagas' disease.
Researchers used DNA barcoding to reveal that parasites infecting freshwater fish mostly specialize on specific hosts, except for those targeting the eyes which can infect many different species and even frogs. This discovery may have practical benefits for wildlife managers and fish farmers.
A recent study published in Current Biology reveals that malaria is tens of thousands of years older than previously thought, evolving alongside anatomically modern humans. The research found a clear correlation between the geographic spread of malaria and human migration patterns, suggesting a shared origin and route of spread.
Researchers have identified the complement receptor 1 (CR1) as an alternative protein used by the malaria parasite to invade red blood cells. This finding has significant implications for the development of a vaccine against malaria, and may help prevent the proliferation of parasites that rely on this pathway.
A study by Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência has identified the first genetic risk factors for cerebral malaria in Angolan children, a severe form of malaria infection. The research found that variants in two genes, TGFB2 and HMOX, increase susceptibility to cerebral malaria.
Researchers discovered how the parasite survives in a fly's gut, triggering an enzyme response that adapts its body. This reaction has a corresponding part in human cells, potentially leading to greater understanding of inherited diseases like Zellweger syndrome.
Researchers have discovered a new parasite, Edwardsiella, living on the American comb jellyfish that causes skin irritation in humans. The parasite's larvae may be problematic for Swedish sea bathers during late summer beach season.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute identify heparin-like carbohydrates that block malaria parasite's attachment to red blood cells, offering new potential for anti-malarial drugs. The study provides hope for developing effective treatments against the disease, which affects millions worldwide.
Parasites in invasive species can cause significant harm to local invertebrates, fish stocks, and ecosystem services. The discovery challenges previous thinking that parasites-free invaders do well in new locations.
A rare parasitic infection called paragonimiasis has been diagnosed in six people who ate raw crayfish from Missouri streams, according to Washington University School of Medicine. The infection causes fever, cough, chest pain, and fatigue, but is easily treated with an oral drug, praziquantel.
A signaling protein in parasites has been identified as a key regulator of movement and infectivity. By disabling this protein, scientists may be able to prevent parasite infections and develop new treatments.
Researchers have discovered a new twist on a potential malaria drug target, which traps malaria parasites within infected red blood cells. This breakthrough identifies an essential step in the biology of the most common and severe malaria parasite and offers a new direction for fighting one of the world's most deadly infections.
Researchers found ultra-small microbes, dubbed ARMAN, with tiny genomes and unusual interactions with other Archaea, living in acidic mine drainage. The microbes have unique cellular extensions that pierce other cells, blurring the lines between parasitism and symbiosis.
A team of researchers from McGill/MUHC has developed a novel screening tool to diagnose Chagas disease, a parasitic disease affecting over 10 million people in the Americas. The new approach uses mass spectrometry technology to identify specific biological markers left by the parasite, enabling rapid and reliable diagnosis.
Researchers have discovered the molecular signals used by Toxoplasma gondii to control cell behavior, paving the way for new treatments and vaccines. By disabling these signals, scientists can liberate cells from parasite takeover, potentially improving immune responses and treatment outcomes.
Scientists have confirmed that ovale malaria is caused by two distinct but similar species of parasite. The discovery was made using DNA technology, revealing the parasite's unique characteristics and potential impact on global health.
Researchers have generated a high-quality draft genome sequence for the strain of T. brucei responsible for human African trypanomiasis, a chronic disease affecting the central nervous system. The study found that the parasite's ability to infect humans is linked to subtle genetic differences, including changes in VSG genes.
A recent study reveals Toxoplasma gondii is prevalent among Iberian Lynx, with 81 of 129 sampled felids testing positive for antibodies. The parasite was also found in captive breeding centers, highlighting the need for prevention measures.
A new three-in-one test can detect Chagas' disease, leishmaniasis, and sleeping sickness in under an hour. The low-cost test uses special dyes that reveal the presence of parasite markers.
Researchers found that 10% of Duffy-negative people in Madagascar were infected with P. vivax, contradicting the long-held assumption of resistance. The study suggests that population mixing and disease evolution have led to the emergence of new parasite strains that can infect Duffy-negative red blood cells.
A new oral treatment has been shown to be effective in 95% of cases against head lice, providing a real therapeutic alternative to conventional anti-lice lotions. The study used oral Ivermectin administered at 400 μg per kilogram and found significant improvements compared to traditional malathion lotion treatments.
Researchers used 2-photon microscopy to study granulomas formed in mice infected with Leishmania donovani, identifying how killer T lymphocytes interact with infected cells. The findings provide insights into the biology of granulomas and may help improve vaccines and treatments for this neglected disease.
A research program aimed at understanding malaria infection and developing effective treatments and vaccines has been awarded $12.7 million. The program will investigate the parasite's ability to evade the immune system and develop resistance to existing drugs.
A UCR researcher has identified a mechanism by which the malaria parasite replicates in human red blood cells, intensifying its infectious cycle. The 'histone crash' process involves the massive breakdown of histones, allowing for rapid gene transcription and multiplication.
Using transcriptional profiling, NTU researchers uncovered the gene functions for almost the entire Plasmodium falciparum genome, better understanding its response to existing compounds. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more potent drugs or a vaccine for malaria, potentially saving millions of lives.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have synthesized the entire protein responsible for life-threatening malaria in pregnant women and their unborn children. A protein-based vaccine is planned to trigger antibodies protecting against malaria, saving over 200,000 lives annually.
Researchers have discovered a key enzyme that allows the malaria parasite to take over human red blood cells. Plasmepsin V is essential for the parasite's ability to secrete proteins into the host erythrocyte.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have identified Plasmepsin V as a key survival protein used by the malaria parasite to transform human red blood cells. This discovery offers a clear target for developing a new class of anti-malarial drugs that destroy the parasite, providing hope for combating the disease.
A multinational team of researchers has identified a plan to develop new treatments for malaria by targeting the parasites' digestive enzymes. By blocking these enzymes, the parasites can no longer survive within human red blood cells, offering new hope for millions affected by global spread of drug-resistant parasites.
Researchers detect Plasmodium falciparum and two new species of malaria parasites in gorillas, complicating efforts to eradicate the disease. The findings could aid vaccine development and further understanding of infectious disease transmission from animals to humans.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute researchers have discovered proteins that could form the basis of an effective vaccine against malaria. The findings support the development of a vaccine against the blood-stage of malaria, which is transmitted by mosquitoes and caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite.
Galapagos finches develop antibodies against two parasites that invaded the islands, suggesting they can fight off alien invaders. The immune system recognizes these parasites and produces specific antibodies, which may help the birds resist the threats.
Professor Alan Cowman's research on Plasmodium falciparum has led to a better understanding of the malaria parasite's evasion of the human immune system and its invasion of red blood cells. He is being recognized for his contributions to identifying vaccine and drug candidates against malaria.
Researchers at Heidelberg University Hospital discovered that malaria parasites alternate between phases of rapid gliding and firm adhesion to surface. This 'stick-slip' mechanism enables the parasite to move rapidly over a long time, necessary for successful transmission of the disease.
Researchers at Tufts University have discovered how the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi prolongs its life in human host cells by activating anti-apoptotic molecules, enabling it to evade death. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms behind Chagas' disease.
Malaria parasites adapt their molecules to evade the host's immune response, with different approaches used in children and adults. Researchers discovered a limit to severe disease-causing variants and found evidence for a vaccine against this deadly form of malaria.
A study found higher Anisakis spp presence in anchovies from Atlantic South East coast and Mediterranean North West coast. Freezing or cooking fish can reduce the risk of anisakiasis.
Malaria eradication remains an elusive goal despite progress in controlling the disease, requiring multiple activities, interventions, and approaches. Scientists must adapt their strategies to address changing parasite behavior and distribution, developing new tools and interventions to keep ahead of emerging challenges.
A team of scientists has gained a better understanding of how Leishmania donovani parasites evade the human immune system, leading to chronic infection. This breakthrough could potentially lead to new treatments for visceral leishmaniasis, a fatal disease affecting millions worldwide.
Researchers have charted extreme genetic differences in the malaria parasite, which could make it difficult to develop a broadly protective vaccine. The study found that certain regions of the protein are recognized by the immune response, allowing researchers to narrow their focus and reduce the number of immunologically important types.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre discovered a key molecule, GP63 protease, that neutralizes macrophages' defences and hinders the body's innate inflammatory immune response. The study provides a promising approach to treating leishmania as well as other infectious diseases.
Scientists have discovered a gene behind malaria-resistant mosquitoes, which could lead to new tools for controlling malaria transmission in endemic areas. The study found that a single section of one chromosome contains a gene called TEP1 that promotes the killing of malaria parasites in mosquitoes.
A recent study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases reveals key laboratory and clinical features of human P. knowlesi infections, confirming the potentially deadly nature of the disease. The research found that P. knowlesi malaria can cause a wide spectrum of disease, including breathing difficulties and kidney problems.