Articles tagged with Parasites
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Researchers found an avian malaria parasite in a Spotted Owl from Oregon, sparking concerns about the bird's immune health and conservation status. The study highlights the need for further research into blood-borne pathogens in wild bird populations.
A study by Emory University researcher Jacobus de Roode found that higher levels of replication within the host result in both increased virulence and greater transmission of parasites. This suggests that natural selection selects for harmful parasites, prioritizing their fitness over host health.
Researchers have created a new technique for diagnosing malaria that could be as effective as current rapid diagnostic tests but far faster and cheaper. The method uses magneto-optic technology to detect haemozoin, a waste product of the malarial parasite, in blood samples.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have identified Heme Detoxification Protein (HDP), which rapidly converts heme into its non-toxic counterpart hemozoin, protecting the malaria parasite from toxic damage. This finding presents a promising target for developing new malaria drugs.
Researchers at Florida State University have discovered an autoimmune-like response in the blood of malaria-infected African children that helps explain why existing DNA-based anti-malaria vaccines have repeatedly failed to protect them. The study sheds light on the unique medical needs of malaria's smallest, most vulnerable victims an...
Researchers found that infection with the parasite creates distinct metabolic 'fingerprints' in the blood and urine, which can be detected as early as one day after infection. The findings could enable a simpler way to test for sleeping sickness, improving survival rates and reducing devastating side effects.
Researchers pooled data from 15 clinical trials to compare the efficacy of rectal artemisinins and conventional injectable antimalarials like quinine. Rectal artemisinins cleared malarial parasites more rapidly than quinine, suggesting they could be a lifesaving intervention in severe malaria cases.
A Michigan State University researcher is leading a study on insecticide-treated bed nets to disrupt mosquito populations and reduce malaria transmission. The project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of bed nets over time and monitor changes in parasite populations and virulence factors.
Researchers found several soybean varieties that grow well in southern Indiana and are resistant to root-knot nematodes, a plant-destroying parasite. These resistant varieties can help reduce the number of nematodes in the soil, improving crop yields and reducing environmental damage.
Researchers have identified chemical compounds, oxadiazoles, that inhibit a crucial enzyme vital to the survival of Schistosoma parasites causing schistosomiasis. The compounds showed promise in killing the parasite in all stages and were active against major species.
A research team led by Mark Hoddle has successfully used biological control to eradicate the glassy-winged sharpshooter, a major agricultural pest, from Tahiti and neighboring islands. The team introduced a microscopic parasitic wasp that attacks the insect's eggs, reducing its population to less than 5% of its original density.
A new drug, JPC-2056, is 10 times more effective than the current gold-standard treatment for toxoplasmosis and has no toxicity. It inhibits the action of an enzyme produced by the parasite, making it a promising treatment option.
A new global malaria map highlights the 2.37 billion people at risk from Plasmodium falciparum, with almost one billion in areas where the risk of infection is extremely low. The map aims to help researchers and funding agencies allocate resources more effectively by understanding the relative risk affecting different regions.
A study found genetically similar lice on 1,000-year-old Peruvian mummies, challenging the idea that all diseases were transmitted from the Old World to the New World at the time of Columbus. The discovery sheds new light on human migration patterns and may help understand the origins of epidemic typhus.
Researchers are conducting trials for a new malaria vaccine using a genetically-modified chimpanzee adenovirus to stimulate an immune response. The goal is to develop a combination product targeting both liver and blood stages of the parasite to prevent infection.
A 13-year study found significant changes in Onchocerca volvulus populations' genetic structure, indicating adaptation to repeated ivermectin treatments. The parasite's resistance to the drug threatens the current control strategy against onchocerciasis.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a non-lethal but potentially severe disease that can be prevented with rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment. New techniques, such as the QT-NASBA technique and real-time Reverse Transcriptase PCR, have been developed to detect and quantify Leishmania parasites, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A team of researchers has discovered a means of inhibiting Entamoeba histolytica, a parasite that causes colitis and kills nearly 100,000 people each year. By targeting a protein called PATMK, the study successfully prevented the parasite from eating dead cells.
A large comparison of blood samples found Toxoplasma gondii parasite infection may increase schizophrenia risk in people diagnosed with the disorder. People exposed to toxoplasma had a 24% higher risk of developing schizophrenia.
A newly discovered parasite transforms its ant host into a ripe red berry, tricking birds into eating infected ants to spread the infection. The parasite, Myrmeconema neotropicum, causes the ant's gaster to turn red and become sluggish, making it easy for birds to consume.
Researchers found Plasmodium knowlesi, a monkey malaria parasite, is widely distributed in Malaysia and sometimes fatal. Accurate diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent rapid onset of complications and death.
Researchers genetically engineered a mosquito to release sea-cucumber protein, which impairs malaria parasite development in the insect's gut. The study shows promise for preventing transmission of malaria by disrupting parasite growth and development.
Researchers genetically engineered mosquitoes to release a sea-cucumber protein that impairs malaria parasite development, potentially preventing transmission. The study shows promising results but still requires further work before being effective in real-world scenarios.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine have identified a Duffy binding protein-based vaccine that could provide protection against P. vivax malaria. The vaccine targets the specific interaction between the parasite and human red blood cells, offering a promising path toward eliminating the disease.
Researchers have developed a new technique to detect malaria infection in human blood using lasers and non-linear optical effects, eliminating the need for slides and microscopes. The technique holds promise for simpler, faster, and labor-intensive detection of the malaria parasite.
A groundbreaking study measures gene activity in malaria parasites in humans for the first time, revealing three distinct biological states and their connection to the body's inflammatory response. These findings may help explain the varying courses of the disease in patients.
Scientists discovered three biological classes of malaria parasites with distinct metabolic states, including one linked to patient symptoms. The findings suggest a possible correlation between parasite behavior and disease severity.
Using fewer drugs in treating malaria could help slow the spread of drug resistance, making patients just as healthy. Longer treatment periods increase resistant parasite numbers, which can lead to shorter lifespan of antimalarial drugs.
Researchers have developed a genetic identity card for Plasmodium falciparum populations, revealing high genetic diversity and inbreeding rates. The study's findings can help predict changes in genes involved in drug resistance, enabling targeted therapies to minimize resistance development.
Researchers found that animals, like plants, can build tolerance to infections at a genetic level, allowing them to withstand parasite loads. This tolerance is negatively related to resistance, with animals either killing or tolerating parasites but not both.
Research in Zanzibar, Tanzania found a remarkable fall in children dying from malaria, with deaths among the islands' children dropping to a quarter of the previous level. The achievement follows the introduction of improved treatment and the implementation of widespread use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets.
New insights into the co-evolutionary relationship between sawflies and their parasites show that parasitism promotes ecological divergence in herbivorous insects. The study reveals a food web involving willow trees, sawflies, and parasites feeding on sawfly larvae.
A new study reveals that parasites play a pivotal role in the decline of species in fragmented forests. Red colobus monkeys were found to be infected with more human or livestock parasites than their black-and-white cousins, due to their varied diet and increased travel range.
Researchers at the University of Iowa and Veterans Affairs Medical Center discovered how African trypanosomes shed their VSG surface protein to evade the immune system of tsetse flies. This enzyme synergy is a key step in the pathogenesis of sleeping sickness, which affects 60 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa.
A new study published in Molecular Ecology sheds light on the Galápagos hawk's evolutionary history by analyzing DNA sequences from feather lice. The research reveals how island populations of the bird might have colonized the Galápagos islands, and provides insights into the evolution of cooperative behavior.
A CU-Boulder study shows that high levels of nutrients from farming and ranching activities fuel parasite infections, causing highly publicized frog deformities. The research found that increased nitrogen and phosphorus levels stimulate algae growth, leading to sharp hikes in snail populations and infectious parasites.
A team of researchers funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has solved the complete genome of Brugia malayi, a parasite that causes elephantiasis. This breakthrough reveals dozens of potential new targets for drugs or vaccines, offering new opportunities for understanding, treating and preventing the disease.
A global team of researchers has revealed the genetic sequence of Brugia malayi, a parasitic worm that causes debilitating diseases in over 40 million people. The study identifies dozens of potential new targets for drugs or vaccines, including genes involved in molting, immune signaling, and host metabolism.
Researchers have discovered that a sugar in mosquitoes allows the malaria-causing parasite to attach itself to the gut, enabling its development and transmission. Reducing this sugar can prevent parasites from developing, offering a promising approach to blocking malaria spread.
Researchers found that the human immune system uses hemoglobin to bind to HDL and create a toxin that clears trypanosomes from the body. This discovery could lead to better treatment options for cattle infections and provide insights into understanding why some parasites don't infect humans.
Binghamton University researchers study archived human blood samples to understand how Plasmodium falciparum evolved resistance to chloroquine. The analysis aims to provide insights for current treatments and future drug development.
A new study found that repeated ivermectin treatment selects for genetic changes in the parasite that cause river blindness, potentially leading to drug resistance. The research has implications for ongoing onchocerciasis control programs.
Researchers discovered that heparan sulfate is a receptor for the malaria parasite, allowing it quick transport through the body. This finding could lead to an environmentally safe and inexpensive way to block infection in mosquitoes, preventing malaria spread without drug side effects.
A study by University of Alaska Fairbanks researcher Hector Douglas found that crested auklets use chemical anointment during courtship to protect themselves from parasites like ticks. The birds rub their wick feathers with a citrus-like scent, which repels ticks and helps keep them healthy.
Scientists have identified a key mechanism in the malaria parasite that allows it to adapt to infected individuals by switching on and off protein expression. The study reveals that 7 genes can be silenced without compromising the parasite's ability to enter red blood cells.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered why some mosquitoes are resistant to malaria, focusing on a protein called TEP1. The study found that genetic differences in TEP1 manifest in a region dubbed the 'warhead', which grabs onto malarial parasites.
A study found that drug resistance in the Onchocerca volvulus parasite, which causes river blindness, is emerging and could lead to a resurgence of the disease. Despite ivermectin treatment clearing most microfilariae, four communities showed significant repopulation of skin with microfilariae, allowing transmission of the disease.
An international team of researchers led by MIT Professor Subra Suresh has demonstrated that the parasite protein RESA causes red blood cells to become less deformable, a hallmark of deadly malaria. The study's findings could lead to treatments targeting this protein.
Research reveals that parasites can significantly alter the abundance of edible algae, which is a crucial resource for various organisms. This finding suggests that non-lethal impacts of parasites can have far-reaching effects on entire ecosystems.
Researchers have determined the atomic structure of a key protein that helps toxoplasmosis parasites invade human cells. The protein binds to specific sugars on host cell surfaces, allowing the parasite to stick and enter cells.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new series of potent synthetic drugs modeled on an ancient Chinese herbal folk remedy that cure malaria-infected mice with a single shot. The compounds, containing a crucial oxygen-oxygen unit, promise to be more effective and potentially safer than current treatments.
Dutch researcher Mike van der Kolk discovered that people who are frequently infected with malaria parasites can develop immunity against the gametocyte, inhibiting the spread of the parasite. This natural immunity prevents the parasite from reproducing in mosquitoes, ultimately stopping its transmission.
Researchers have identified a novel pathway in Trypanosoma brucei parasites that can be triggered to shut down the synthesis of a crucial RNA molecule, leading to parasite death. This discovery has implications for eradicating other parasitic diseases such as Leishmania and Chagas disease.
A new study found that the most commonly used malaria vaccine may not be effective against the prevalent strain in Mali. The researchers discovered that only 16% of infections were caused by the strain included in the vaccine, highlighting the importance of testing vaccines in diverse populations.
A University of Florida study reveals that humans acquired pubic lice from gorillas around 3.3 million years ago, providing insights into human evolution and the history of parasites. The research suggests that lice can be transmitted through non-sexual means, such as sleeping in close proximity or feeding on prey.
A novel form of trypanosomiasis has been identified in India, resulting from a deficiency in apolipoprotein L-1. Analysis revealed that the patient's serum lacked the protein's trypanolytic activity, which normally destroys parasites.
Researchers discovered the first human case of insect-transmitted Chagas parasite in Louisiana, with over half of collected insects carrying the parasite. The finding, while significant, does not represent a widespread public health concern due to limited rural housing conditions.
Researchers discover how malaria parasites hijack red blood cells and develop a new strategy to block them using propranolol. The finding opens the possibility for important new drugs that won't become resistant, addressing the growing problem of drug-resistant malaria.
The scientists' achievement provides new avenues for diagnosing and treating this sexually transmitted disease, affecting an estimated 170 million people worldwide. The genome contains genes and proteins not found in humans, which can help expand drug options and devise a diagnostic test.
Recent studies published in major scientific journals reveal the molecular mechanisms behind Toxoplasma gondii's severity and its link to AIDS patients' dementia. The research provides a model for studying toxoplasmosis and related diseases, with potential applications for developing more effective treatments.