Articles tagged with Insulin Resistance
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Researchers are exploring the connection between high-fat diets and Type 2 diabetes, with a focus on the REDD1 protein in heart cells. Insulin resistance in heart cells doubles the risk of heart failure and death, highlighting the need for new treatments for diabetic heart disease.
Researchers found that men with obesity have increased adipose tissue insulin resistance and higher levels of free fatty acids in the blood. This may partly explain why type 2 diabetes is more common in men. The study suggests that sex differences in adipose tissue insulin sensitivity could be a key factor in this disparity.
Researchers found that spinal cord injury triggers abnormal neuronal activity that causes abdominal fat tissue compounds to leak and pool in the liver and other organs. A short course of gabapentin, commonly prescribed for nerve pain, prevented this damaging metabolic effect.
Neotame has been shown to cause previously healthy gut bacteria to become diseased and invade the gut wall, potentially leading to irritable bowel syndrome and sepsis. The study also found a breakdown of the epithelial barrier, which forms part of the gut wall.
A new study has identified a deficit in the placental expression of IGFBP1 and low circulating levels as associated with insulin resistance during pregnancy. The findings suggest that measuring IGFBP1 levels could help identify people at risk of developing gestational diabetes early in pregnancy.
Scientists at University of California San Diego discover how one TZD drug works and replicate its benefits in mice without side effects. Researchers identify specific microRNA responsible for beneficial metabolic effects, paving the way for potential new therapies for type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that increased childhood sedentary time is associated with higher blood insulin concentration and a greater risk of excess insulin and insulin resistance. Light physical activity was shown to reduce the risk of excess insulin by 20%, while moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had a smaller effect.
A review of mitochondrial energy metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy reveals disrupted dynamics and oxidative stress as key triggers. Targeted therapies, such as antioxidants and ketogenic diets, show promise in combating this debilitating condition.
A low-fat vegan diet was found to reduce insulin needs by 28% and improve insulin sensitivity by 127% in people with type 1 diabetes, according to a groundbreaking new study. The diet also led to improvements in cholesterol levels, kidney function, and weight.
A recent literature review discusses the underlying mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance and b-cell failure. The review also explores potential therapeutic strategies, such as replenishing and regenerating b-cells, pancreas transplants, and stem cell-derived b-cells.
Researchers found that Kallistatin expression increases after weight loss, improving hepatic insulin sensitivity in obese mice. This protein may be an interesting therapeutic target for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes.
A one-year interdisciplinary therapy program reduced inflammation and cardiometabolic risk in obese adolescents, improving insulin resistance and weight management. The semi-intensive model produced better results than previous intensive models, reversing hyperlipidemia and promoting energy balance.
A fasting-mimicking diet has been shown to reduce signs of immune system aging, insulin resistance, and liver fat in humans, resulting in a lower biological age. The study found that patients who followed the diet had lower disease risk factors and improved immune function.
A new study from the University of Surrey found that melatonin treatment significantly improved sleep quality in night shift workers, but had no effect on insulin resistance or glucose tolerance. The research suggests that alternative methods to improve insulin resistance and reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes may be needed.
Millennial-aged adults who snack on pistachios and other tree nuts experience better weight control and more efficient use of dietary fat as an energy source. The study's results support the inclusion of tree nuts as part of a healthy self-care routine in 2024.
A recent study published in PNAS suggests that impaired macrophage function plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes in obese individuals. The research found that collagen breakdown is handled by macrophages, which become deactivated in obesity and insulin resistance, leading to the accumulation of collagen fragments.
A recent study found that chronic insufficient sleep can increase insulin resistance in healthy women, with more pronounced effects on postmenopausal women. Insulin resistance can lead to a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A new study found that curtailing sleep by 90 minutes for six weeks increased insulin resistance in women, particularly postmenopausal women. Insulin resistance was also linked to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
A preclinical study by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers reveals that activating a pathway to promote cell division can expand insulin-producing cells without impairing their function. The study's findings support the concept that beta cell mass can be expanded without compromising function.
Researchers found that a high-sugar diet causes insulin resistance in the brain, reducing its ability to remove neuronal debris and increasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. This study provides insight into how obesity-inducing diets contribute to disease risk.
A recent study published in Nutrients found that daily strawberry consumption can improve cognitive performance and reduce depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. The research, led by Professor Robert Krikorian, suggests that strawberries contain antioxidants and micronutrients that may help mitigate the risk of dementia.
Nick Burton's research aims to identify bacteria that influence insulin production and signaling, with the goal of finding new therapeutic strategies for Type 2 diabetes. Preliminary results from a small-scale pilot study are promising, suggesting that certain bacteria may play a role in regulating insulin levels.
A study published in Diabetes Care found that obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia alter cardiac energy production by interfering with metabolic substrate uptake. The research reveals early changes in apparently healthy middle-aged individuals, highlighting the importance of identifying mechanisms involved in heart disease onset.
A groundbreaking study by UNIST researchers reveals that high levels of endotrophin in fat cells disrupt autophagy, leading to inflammation and insulin resistance. Inhibiting ATG7 protein function or neutralizing endotrophin shows promise as a potential treatment for obesity-related metabolic diseases.
Researchers discovered a gut bacteria that helps reduce insulin resistance and protect against diabetes. The study found that a specific bacteria, Alistipes indistinctus, consumed excess monosaccharides in the gut, lowering blood sugar levels and reducing insulin resistance.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that GDF15 improves insulin sensitivity in rodents, particularly in their liver and fatty tissue. This finding raises interesting perspectives for treating type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, as increased insulin sensitivity is a critical indicator of health.
A new study found that arterial stiffness is a novel cause of premature heart damage among adolescents, leading to increased blood pressure and insulin resistance. The study discovered that adolescents with high arterial stiffness had a 23-27% increased risk of structural heart damage.
Researchers at Buck Institute for Research on Aging developed a bioavailable compound that selectively inhibits free radical production in mitochondria, preventing and treating metabolic syndrome in mice. The compound, S1QEL1.719, decreases fat accumulation, improves glucose tolerance, and normalizes fasting insulin levels.
Researchers have found a hidden mechanism connecting cancer and diabetes, where cancer cells don't respond well to insulin, leading to faster cancer growth. Insulin resistance can also cause muscle loss and strength decline in cancer patients.
A new study suggests that eating more calories earlier in the day may improve metabolic health by reducing blood sugar fluctuations and inflammation. The study found that participants who followed an early time-restricted feeding pattern experienced a decrease in time above normal blood glucose levels, thereby improving metabolic health.
A review of studies found that reducing meal frequency and cutting out late-night snacks can improve insulin resistance, brain health, and glycemic control. This approach may also help regulate appetite hormones and reduce calorie intake, ultimately staving off obesity and metabolic disorders.
Researchers have identified a number of candidate genes that may drive the development of conditions like Type 2 Diabetes. The study found that proteins such as PCSK1, SUR1 and GLUT2 play a role in calcium ion dynamics and insulin secretion.
A study of over 55,000 people identified new genetic variants associated with insulin resistance after eating, which may help inform future treatments of type 2 diabetes. The discovery highlights the importance of understanding how glucose regulation works in the body, particularly in the fed state.
Researchers have developed biodegradable hollow nanoscavengers that target reactive oxygen species to restore liver function and reverse insulin resistance in human liver cells and diabetic mice. This innovative approach offers a promising pathway toward long-term treatment of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases.
A new study found that overweight boys tend to have lower testicular volume, putting them at risk for infertility in adulthood. The research suggests that weight loss could help patients avoid infertility later in life.
Researchers identified a novel high RS gene, SSIIIb, which when combined with the loss-of-function SSIIIa gene, increased RS content in cooked rice. This breakthrough provides genetic resources for breeding high-RS rice varieties, potentially reducing obesity and related health issues.
Recent cluster analyses identify novel risk stratification concepts to better implement precision medicine in clinical practice. Metabolically unhealthy individuals, regardless of weight, face a higher CVD risk compared to obese, metabolically healthy peers.
The National Institutes of Health recognizes World Asthma Day and highlights innovative research on asthma, its causes and treatments. Several NIH institutes conduct and support asthma-related research, including NIEHS, NHLBI, and NIAID.
Researchers found that women with prediabetes after pregnancy had aberrations in their early pregnancy blood serum metabolomic profile, including higher concentrations of small HDL particles. These metabolic changes predicted prediabetes at postpartum and were associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
A team of researchers from Ohio University discovered that CIDEC protein improves vascular and metabolic dysfunction, reducing insulin resistance and lipid levels in high-fat diet-induced mice. The study contributes to understanding the role of the vascular endothelium in regulating systemic metabolism.
Two new subtypes of insulin-producing beta cells, ß <sub> HI </sub> and ß <sub> LO </sub>, have been identified with distinct characteristics. The study suggests epigenetic dosage as a driving force behind the decision of ß cells to become these subtypes, offering a new target for potential diabetes treatments.
New research reveals coffee consumption may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by lowering inflammatory biomarkers in the body. A study published in Clinical Nutrition found that a one cup per day increase in coffee consumption was associated with a 4-6% lower risk of T2D.
A new study suggests that pregnant women who have dimmed lights and screens for three hours before sleep are less likely to develop gestational diabetes. Dim light exposure before bedtime may help regulate glucose levels, reducing the risk of this common pregnancy complication.
A study found that time-restricted feeding improves muscle performance in obese fruit flies by upregulating genes related to glycine production and utilization. This approach may provide a natural alternative therapy for managing obesity-related pathologies.
Researchers found that alternate-day fasting combined with exercise decreased liver fat, weight, and ALT enzymes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The study suggests that this lifestyle modification may be a good option for treating the condition without pharmaceuticals.
Researchers from DZD and Harvard Medical School identified key hepatokines dysregulated in NAFLD, predicting type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular events. Hepatokine cluster analysis revealed distinct subtypes of people with fatty liver having different pathomechanisms of insulin resistance.
Researchers found that clearance of p16Ink4a-positive cells did not impact β-cell mass, but improved β-cell function and proliferative capacity in a subset of HFD mice. The targeted subpopulation of β-cells is non-proliferative and non-SASP producing.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered a link between obesity and diabetes, highlighting the importance of an enzyme in fatty acid processing. The study suggests that defects in this enzyme contribute to insulin hypersecretion and beta cell failure, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions.
A cluster randomized controlled trial found that Texas Sprouts, a gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention, improved glucose control and reduced bad cholesterol in high-risk youth. The results showed a 0.02% reduction in mean blood sugar levels and a 6.4 mg/dL reduction in bad cholesterol.
A recent study shows that eight weeks of exercise can restore the brain's insulin sensitivity in severely overweight adults, leading to improved metabolism and reduced visceral fat. This opens up new therapeutic possibilities for reducing obesity and diabetes risk factors.
A new study found that afternoon or evening physical activity is associated with reduced liver fat content and improved insulin sensitivity. Performing MVPA in the afternoon or evening was linked to reduced insulin resistance by 18% and 25% respectively.
A one-year lifestyle intervention with a digital app and group counselling improved diet quality, reduced abdominal obesity and insulin resistance among 2907 Finnish adults at risk of type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that commitment to lifestyle counselling supports positive changes.
A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine found that short-term exposure to reduced physical activity and increased sugar consumption disrupts insulin response in blood vessels, with men more prone to vascular insulin resistance. In contrast, young women are protected against this condition.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found a significant link between poor metabolic health and low breast milk production. Women with conditions like insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and obesity were more likely to experience persistent low milk supply despite best breastfeeding practices.
A recent study published in Life Metabolism found that impaired phosphorylation of SERCA2a plays a bidirectional role in myocardial insulin resistance, dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, and the early stages of DCM. This mechanism involves the regulation of protein stability and insulin receptor maturation.
Researchers at Washington State University identified eight proteins that regulate insulin sensitivity and resistance in hibernating bears, similar to human genes. The discovery could lead to the development of treatments for human diabetes.
Research suggests that arterial stiffness increases blood pressure in adolescents due to insulin resistance, not body fat. Healthy lifestyle choices like exercise and a balanced diet may help lower blood pressure in this age group.
Researchers found that endothelial cells in blood vessels drive the body's metabolism and produce nitrous oxide to regulate brown fat production. This discovery reverses long-held ideas about the relationship between diabetes, fat and cardiovascular disease.
A recent JAMA study found a positive association between high insulin dosage and cancer incidence among patients with type 1 diabetes. The study suggests that clinicians may need to balance cancer risk when treating patients on high insulin doses, with improving insulin sensitivity potentially being a preferred approach.
Individualized, comprehensive treatment approaches and risk stratification of patients are crucial for effective treatment of MAFLD. Lifestyle modifications and pharmaceutical therapeutics combining to treat the condition.