Articles tagged with Ions
A new protein analysis tool, IonStar, improves measurement consistency of proteins in low abundance and lowers missing data. It could increase medical diagnosis quality and speed up pharmaceutical development.
MMS mission discovers a new process of magnetic reconnection that converts turbulent magnetic energy into high-speed jets of electrons. This finding helps scientists understand the role of magnetic reconnection in heating the solar corona and accelerating the solar wind.
Researchers analyzed data from NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission and found magnetic reconnection occurring at the smallest scale of electrons, creating hot jets of plasma that dissipate turbulence. This process was previously unknown at small scales, but it confirms reconnection is happening on these scales.
Scientists have observed turbulent magnetic reconnection at small scales in the magnetosheath just outside Earth's magnetic field. This phenomenon, involving only electrons, helps dissipate magnetic energy and may play a role in heating the solar corona.
A research team led by the University of Tsukuba has successfully imaged single Li+@C60 molecules using scanning tunneling microscopy. The study provides valuable insights into the electronic properties of lithium-doped fullerenes, which can be used to optimize their performance in optoelectronic and switching devices.
A new electrode material for lithium-ion batteries with high capacity has been proposed using phosphorus-encapsulated carbon nanotubes. The electrodes showed an improvement in electrochemical reactivity and reversible charge-discharge reactions, resulting in capacities two times higher than that of graphite used in commercial LIBs.
MIT researchers have developed a new MRI sensor that can detect direct signals of neural activity by tracking calcium ions, allowing for more precise mapping of brain function. The sensor can detect subtle changes in calcium concentrations outside of cells and respond in a way that can be detected with MRI.
A new test of a computer model revealed that understanding combined electron and ion heating can improve plasma production in ITER and future fusion facilities. This finding is crucial for advancing the development of fusion power.
A KAIST research team developed a new anode material using copper sulfide, exhibiting 1.5 times better cyclability and 40% reduced cost compared to existing materials. The discovery may contribute to the commercialization of sodium ion batteries and reduce battery costs in consumer electronics.
Researchers from Penn State have developed a new sodium-based material that can be used as an electrolyte in solid-state batteries. The material has defects allowing it to transfer ions, making it safer and potentially cheaper than current lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers from Skoltech and MIPT have developed a device for upgrading mass spectrometers, enabling the analysis of one substance from four different perspectives or multiple samples simultaneously. This improves upon conventional mass spectrometers, which analyze one substance at a time.
A new paper reveals water-soluble polyol-methanofullerenes can decrease mitochondrial transmembrane potential, making them promising for targeted mitochondrial medications. This mechanism may be effective in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, characterized by hyperpolarized mitochondria.
Researchers develop a heat-shock process to form high entropy alloyed nanoparticles from multiple elements. The resulting nanoparticles exhibit homogeneous crystal structures and potential applications as catalysts in emerging energy technologies.
Texas A&M researchers use supercomputers to develop graphene oxide nanosheet coating that controls dendrite growth, improving cycle life and stability of lithium-metal batteries. The material is applied using a spray coating gun and has shown enhanced performance in experiments.
Researchers have developed a new device that uses fluorescence to detect ions and identify the product of a rare radioactive decay called neutrinoless double-beta decay. The discovery could provide insight into the nature of the neutrino, which may offer an explanation for the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
Researchers at National University of Singapore study the effect of silicon crystal periodicity on high-energy ion trajectories in thin crystals. They found that thinner crystals enable more precise control over the distribution of transmitted ions.
Researchers developed a 'candy cane' polymer weave that increases charge storage capacity, enabling flexible batteries and supercapacitors. The new material has nearly double the specific capacitance compared to conventional PEDOT-based supercapacitors.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago developed graphene-oxide coated nanosheets to regulate lithium deposition, extending battery life and safety
Researchers have found that ocean acidification impairs phytoplankton's access to iron, a crucial nutrient for growth. This discovery highlights the critical impact of rising CO2 levels on marine food webs and global carbon cycling.
Researchers at QUT have developed nano 'sieves' that can separate molecules up to 10,000 times finer than a human hair. The discovery opens the door to early detection of cancer through blood tests and creation of smart materials with novel functions.
Researchers designed a new electrode that mimics the structure of tree branches to boost supercapacitors' performance. The device stores more energy and delivers faster power compared to existing designs.
Researchers at the University of Strathclyde developed a laser-driven ion acceleration scheme, achieving proton energies of 100 mega-electron-volts. This innovation could lead to smaller, cheaper, and more efficient ion accelerators with transformative potential for various applications.
Researchers observed CO gas associated with the galactic disk, but found it unaffected by the strong ionized gas outflow from the galactic center. This challenges the widely accepted idea that radiation from galactic centers influences molecular gas and star formation activities.
Researchers found that non-selective ion channels, like the NaK channel, have a selectivity filter with sizeable dynamics, unlike selective channels. The study revealed two different forms of the selectivity filter, one for each ion type, which explains why the NaK channel can pass both sodium and potassium ions.
Researchers developed an electric eel-inspired device that produced 110 volts from gels filled with varying strengths of salt water, leveraging ion gradients across hydrogels. The team hopes to increase the current and develop a power source for implantable devices utilizing existing human body ionic gradients.
A University of Texas at Austin professor and his team have discovered a new, efficient way to extract lithium and other metals from water using metal-organic-framework membranes. This process has the potential to revolutionize industries such as water desalination and power electric cars.
Scientists have discovered a novel method for filtering salt and metal ions from seawater using MOFs, which has significant potential for the water and mining industries. The technology could reduce energy consumption by up to 2-3 times compared to current methods.
UCSB researchers have developed a computational method to predict the growth rates of ionic crystals, which may save time and energy in industrial processes. The method uses transition path sampling to understand the events leading up to the transition state, providing insights into the role of water molecules and ion interactions.
A new study identifies the details of how ocean acidification affects coral skeletons, allowing scientists to predict where corals will be more vulnerable. The research found that ocean acidification particularly impedes the thickening process, decreasing the skeletons' density and leaving them more vulnerable to breaking.
The QUTIS Group has successfully simulated a particle collision in a large accelerator using a trapped-ion quantum computer. The experiment mimics the creation and annihilation of matter and antimatter, which are difficult to study using conventional computers.
Researchers at MIT have designed an artificial synapse that can precisely control the strength of an electric current flowing across it, similar to the way ions flow between neurons. The team found that their chip and its synapses could recognize samples of handwriting with 95% accuracy.
Researchers have used a material's persistent photoconductivity to stimulate PC12 neurotypic cells, demonstrating a faster and noninvasive way to influence cellular behavior. The technique, which was shown to increase calcium ion levels within the cells, has the potential to advance research on cellular behavior.
Researchers have created a new map of medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) to better understand their impact on radio signal distribution. MSTIDs are huge wave perturbations that can interfere with radio signals, and this study provides valuable insights into their structure and behavior.
Researchers have developed a superporous solid that can absorb up to 200% of its own weight in atmospheric moisture, overcoming challenges of existing porous solids. The material, Cr- soc -MOF-1, maintains its structural integrity and performance over multiple water vapor adsorption-desorption cycles.
A new lithium-rich battery developed by Northwestern University can cycle more lithium ions than its common counterpart, enabling higher capacity batteries that could extend the lifespan of smartphones and cars. By leveraging both iron and oxygen to drive the chemical reaction, the battery's capacity is significantly increased.
The study found that the Pacific midshipman's swimbladder muscles release and pump calcium ions at a much slower rate than those of other fish, allowing it to sustain an hour-long mating call. This low level of calcium release reduces metabolic demands and enables the muscle fibers to contract with sufficient force.
A new Hybrid-SOEC system with mixed-ion conducting electrolyte allows for water electrolysis to occur at both electrodes, increasing hydrogen production efficiency. The system demands less electricity and exhibits outstanding performance with stability.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have solved the mystery of Piezo1's structure, revealing three curved blades that move in response to mechanical force. The findings point the way to targeting diseases where Piezo1 is mutated.
A new MOF has been created with a responsivity rate of 2.5 x 10^5 amperes per watt, making it suitable for use in solar cells and other photoactive materials.
Researchers developed trapped-ion quantum error correction protocols to detect and correct processing errors, enabling the creation of larger quantum computers. The study suggests that today's quantum computer prototypes can meet specific criteria with current ion-trap technologies.
Researchers at University of Tokyo's Institute of Industrial Science report the first direct observation of gold ions moving in liquid using ADF-STEM. The study reveals heterogeneous dynamics and trapped gold ions in small spaces, which could improve battery performance and energy efficiency.
Researchers have developed a theoretical model that explains the interaction between ions and electrons in PEDOT:PSS, a widely used conducting material. The model has implications for applications in printed electronics, energy storage, and bioelectronics.
Scientists at NIST have developed a method to precisely control the depth of nanometer-scale structures using ion beams. This technique allows for the precise measurement of nanoparticle size and has potential applications in quality control, industrial production, and biomedical research.
Researchers have developed soft power cells that mimic the electric eel's ability to generate high-voltage electricity while consuming low current. The cells are made of hydrogel and salt and could potentially power implantable or wearable devices without toxicity or frequent recharging.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories identified major obstacles to advancing solid-state lithium-ion battery performance, focusing on the flow of lithium ions across battery interfaces. By improving the interfaces between materials, they aim to make solid-state batteries more efficient and reduce traffic jams in small electronics.
Researchers at Stanford University and national labs uncover mechanism behind voltage loss in lithium-rich cathodes, paving the way for optimized performance. The discovery could enable batteries to store more energy, allowing electric cars to travel longer distances between charges.
Researchers found that Mars' atmosphere is well-protected from the solar wind due to its induced magnetosphere. The study, led by Robin Ramstad, suggests that only a small portion of atmospheric pressure was lost over 3.9 billion years, contradicting previous assumptions.
Researchers have discovered a small-molecule drug that can restore brain function and memory in mice with Alzheimer's-like symptoms by blocking toxic ion flow. The drug, anle138b, attaches to amyloid-beta protein clusters and deactivates pores, reducing neuronal dysfunction and cell death.
Researchers from Empa and UNIGE have developed a new battery prototype that stores more energy while maintaining high safety levels. The battery uses a solid electrolyte and metallic sodium, which enables faster charging and increased storage capacity.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a novel framework to benchmark and compare the performances of organic mixed conductors. By using electrochemical transistors, they evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of 10 newly developed materials, identifying top-performing conductors for specific applications.
The new battery prototype uses a solid electrolyte and metal anode, enabling the storage of more energy while maintaining high safety levels. The researchers have tested the battery over 250 cycles, with 85% of its energy capacity still functional after that period.
Researchers elucidate torque generation mechanism of flagellar motor in Bacillus subtilis using high-speed atomic force microscopy and mutational analysis. The study finds that sodium ions drive the assembly and activation of flagellar motor, regardless of its composition.
A Danish research team has uncovered new basic insights into the workings of a biomolecular mechanism crucial to life: the calcium pumps in our cells. They have successfully tracked how a single molecule of the protein 'engine' known as the calcium pump works, revealing its one-way nature and importance for cell function.
Researchers at Kobe University created a double network within ionic liquid, combining inorganic silica particles with organic polymers, resulting in a gel that can withstand over 25 MPa of compressive strength. The gel's stability makes it suitable for applications in CO2 separation membranes and rechargeable batteries.
Researchers developed computational methods to describe ultracold atomic and ion behavior in optical traps. By controlling trap parameters, they can simulate critical quantum phenomena and study solid-state physics, quantum computing, and precision physics.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz successfully demonstrated the operation of a four-qubit register comprised of atomic ions trapped in microchip traps. The achievement marks a decisive milestone for scaling up quantum computers, showcasing the potential for entangled states to be created with long-lived multipartite en...
Researchers from the University of Freiburg have developed a method to trap ions in optical traps, preventing driven motion and allowing for longer lifetimes. This breakthrough enables the creation of ultra-cold temperatures and observation of quantum effects in chemical processes.
Researchers found that lichen samples from Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod had higher free radical concentrations than those from cleaner towns. The study suggests using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor air quality in cities without traditional stations.
Researchers from NUS have developed a novel organic thin film that stores and processes data for 1 trillion cycles, significantly outperforming existing flash memory devices. The new device consumes 1,000 times less power and has the potential to be made even smaller.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University developed a new technique to detect volatile compounds, including chlorine, using metallic nanoparticles. The method combines optical detection with dynamic gas extraction and shows high sensitivity without sample preparation.