Articles tagged with Lipids
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Researchers have discovered that older COPD patients are more likely to develop high-risk carotid artery plaque formations and have a greater presence of vulnerable plaques with a lipid core. This finding highlights the increased risk of ischemic events in these patients.
Researchers at Kansas State University are using the new mass spectrometer to analyze plant responses to heat, cold, and other stresses. By studying Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant species, they aim to improve crop plants' ability to withstand environmental stress.
A new study at the University of Rochester has discovered that lipid droplets store histones, making them available for chromosome assembly. The findings suggest that binding to lipid droplets protects histones from being toxic to cells. This research challenges existing theories on histone balance and its mechanism.
A lipid, ceramide, helps cells find their way by keeping their antennae up, enabling direction and signal response. This function is crucial for maintaining proper cell locations, such as brain cells staying in the correct region.
Researchers have identified new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment by studying the interaction between natural killer cells and tumor cells. A study found that targeting JAK1 and JAK2 kinases may aid in eradicating tumors resistant to NK cell killing. Additionally, another study revealed that periostin plays a crucial role in chr...
Research indicates that algal DHA supplementation during pregnancy increases DHA blood levels in both mother and newborn, as well as infant birth weight, length, and head circumference. Additionally, studies suggest that DHA deficiency during pregnancy may limit infants' development potential.
A study found that waist measures, including waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, are associated with lipid and blood pressure assessments in overweight and obese adolescents. In contrast, body mass index alone did not show strong associations with these health markers.
A University of Michigan team has identified a synthetic small molecule that can activate lysosome calcium channels, potentially treating rare inherited metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery could also provide insights into the aging process.
Researchers used a microbial lipid proxy to identify ancient droughts and alkaline soils on the Tibetan Plateau, associated with significant uplift nine million years ago. The study suggests that abrupt uplifts can cause enhanced aridity in central Asia.
Researchers at the Trudeau Institute have discovered a new properties of a potential vaccine adjuvant that suggests it could be useful for enhancing protection against a number of different infections. The discovery provides a promising lead for developing a new class of vaccines.
A multi-national team, including USC scientists, found that indoor pollution has been drastically reduced at the church housing the famous painting by 88 and 94 percent. However, fatty lipids from visitors' skin still pose a threat of soiling on the Last Supper, despite strict visitor access regulations.
Researchers at National Jewish Health have discovered a natural lipid, POPG, that inhibits influenza infections in cell cultures and mouse models. The molecule suppresses inflammatory responses, viral propagation, and cell death associated with influenza infection.
Researchers have developed a new technique using low-temperature plasmas to deactivate potentially harmful biomolecules, including those that can cause severe medical problems. The study's findings suggest that the effectiveness of this method may depend on the composition of the plasma.
A massive research project, LIPID MAPS, has identified the complete complement of lipids within cells and gained insight into their role in cellular functions. The new knowledge may have significant implications for understanding diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes have identified CCT enzyme as a key regulator in fat storage. The research suggests new directions for treating excess fat storage and obesity. By understanding how the body stores fat safely, researchers can explore new treatments for conditions like heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
Scientists developed an electrically neutral matrix to hold DNA fragments, which spontaneously align and form ordered structures at high concentrations. This technology has potential applications beyond gene therapy, including the delivery of chemical drugs.
A team of Canadian scientists discovered that specific mixtures of antimicrobial agents presented in lipid (fatty) mixtures can significantly boost the effectiveness of those agents to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria. This new therapy has the potential to combat bacterial multidrug resistance, a growing clinical problem.
Researchers develop a new method to visualize lipid distribution in the human brain, revealing detailed information about neurodegenerative diseases. The study uses imaging mass spectrometry and functional autoradiography to identify 43 types of lipids in three distinct brain regions.
Charles E. Chalfant, a researcher at Virginia Commonwealth University, has won the Avanti Young Investigator Award in Lipid Research for his groundbreaking studies on ceramide and ceramide-1-phosphate. He is recognized for his research productivity and emerging leadership in lipid research.
Yusuf Hannun has pioneered the understanding of bioactive sphingolipids, a class of lipids regulating multiple cell functions. His research group is one of the best-funded lipid research groups in the US.
A new study discovered that specific intestinal microflora metabolize phosphatidyl choline, a common dietary lipid found in animal products, into compounds associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. The study found that higher levels of these compounds are linked to an increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and death.
Researchers discovered a continuum of cells with varying levels of PPAR gamma and lipids, contradicting the long-held theory that PPAR gamma equals fat. This finding has implications for type 2 diabetes treatment and may lead to the development of new drugs targeting coactivators.
A joint study by Helmholtz Zentrum München and Karolinska Institutet reveals that lipid peroxides temporarily inactivate protein tyrosine phosphatases, regulating cellular communication. This finding is crucial as aberrant activation of receptor tyrosine kinases contributes to various diseases, including cancer.
Researchers have discovered that certain RNA viruses, including Poliovirus and Hepatitis C virus, copy themselves by seizing a cellular enzyme to create replication factories enriched in phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) lipids. This process enables the viruses to attract and stimulate the enzymes needed for replication.
Researchers analyzed 70,000 patients and found no difference in quality of care between normal-weight and obese/overweight individuals. In fact, obese patients had higher rates of recommended diabetes care, vaccinations, and cancer screenings.
Researchers have discovered a type of soy protein that inhibits fat accumulation and reduces inflammation. Soybeans with high levels of beta-conglycinins are found to limit lipid accumulation in fat cells by suppressing an enzyme called fatty acid synthase.
Researchers found six essential oils, including thyme, can inhibit the COX-2 enzyme, which contributes to inflammation. Thyme oil proved most active, reducing COX-2 levels by almost 75% with carvacrol as the primary active agent.
Researchers discovered that a naturally occurring lung lipid, POPG, can prevent RSV infection and inhibit its spread. In cell-culture studies, POPG was shown to block RSV infection, while in mice, it reduced the infection rate by 1700 times.
A Purdue University scientist has developed a nanoparticle that protects oils in food products from oxidation, which causes spoilage and degradation. The nanoparticle, modified phytoglycogen octenyl succinate (PG-OS), doubles the shelf life of oil droplets by acting as an emulsifier and barrier to oxidation.
Researchers found that common human bacteria, specifically Porphyromas gingivalis, produce unique lipids that can enhance inflammatory responses and exacerbate autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis. These lipids may serve as new markers of MS disease activity and targets for therapeutic intervention.
Scientists at Rutgers University and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution discover a previously unknown lipid that causes rapid death of phytoplankton in the North Atlantic. The lipid may also hold promise in cancer research by inducing programmed cell death in healthy cells.
N-type channel function is modified by lipids according to new Rittenhouse laboratory findings, supporting the ArA generation hypothesis. The study provides insight into VGCC modulation, shedding light on an oily competition between two hypotheses.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered that invadolysin, a protein present in all cells, is linked to lipid droplets used for fat storage. Lower levels of invadolysin were found to be associated with reduced fat deposits, suggesting its potential role in obesity and related complications.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have completed a comprehensive analysis of bioactive lipids in an inflammatory response triggered by Lyme disease. The study found correlations between eicosanoid levels and arthritis severity, paving the way for diagnostic tools, personalized therapies, and more effective treatments.
For the first time, researchers have induced antibodies that neutralize HIV-1 and simultaneously recognize both HIV-1 envelope protein and lipids. The study employed widely used, clinically acceptable, well-tolerated and relatively inexpensive generic antigen-adjuvant constituents.
BA profiling in IBD patients showed decreased levels of certain BAs, while UC patients with liver and gallbladder diseases exhibited increased primary and secondary BAs. The study also found accelerated detoxification activity in IBD patients and a significant increase in primary and secondary BAs in UC patients with extraintestinal ma...
A new process controlling cell fat storage has been discovered, which could lead to novel drugs for metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease. The study found that autophagy regulates lipid metabolism, and disrupting this process can contribute to diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Spartin localizes to lipid droplets and binds to TIP47, regulating their turnover. Overexpressing or knocking down Spartin causes an increase in LD size and number.
Researchers at University at Buffalo link capsaicin's analgesic effects to PIP2 lipid in cell membranes. The receptor's adaptation property allows it to continuously respond to varying stimuli, providing a novel strategy for developing safe pain-relieving medications.
Researchers identify COPI complex as a regulator of lipid homeostasis, finding it reduces PAT protein expression at the lipid droplet surface. This study reveals COPI's role in energy storage and shedding, with implications for treating obesity and metabolic disorders.
The presence of mineral oil in edible oils and foods exceeds recommended safety limits, raising concerns about human health. Analytical campaigns are underway to address this issue and provide toxicological data for improved safety evaluation.
Researchers identified a new class of hormones called lipokines, which help regulate metabolism and improve insulin sensitivity in mice. The discovery could lead to new treatments for obesity-related conditions such as diabetes and fatty liver disease.
Scientists discover that glutathione peroxidase 4 senses and translates oxidative stress into a distinct signaling pathway leading to cell death, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for mitigating degenerative diseases. This discovery sheds new light on the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and its role in cellular damage.
A UC San Diego scientist presents the first unified vision of 'the building blocks of life', revealing that only 68 molecules construct four fundamental cell components: nucleic acids, proteins, glycans, and lipids. This framework may hold the key to unlocking the origins of many serious diseases.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have identified genes responsible for fat storage in cells, which may lead to new understanding and potential treatments for obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. The study found that ~1.5% of all genes function in lipid-droplet formation and regulation.
Researchers have uncovered the molecular mechanism behind chloroform's action as a general anaesthetic, revealing its potential to design new anesthetics with reduced harm. Chloroform inhibits TRPC5 calcium ion channels, a key player in pain transmission and brain function.
VIB researchers find certain brain lipids destabilize fibrils, leading to toxic protofibril formation and memory loss in mice. This discovery opens new avenues for medicines against Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that the northern portion of the Tibetan Plateau rose later than previously thought, revealing a complex timeline for the plateau's growth. This discovery can help climate models and understand ancient biological communities.
Researchers found that fats in the stomach reduce vitamin C's ability to protect against cancer-forming compounds. The presence of lipids overrides the antioxidant effect, allowing harmful nitrosating species to form.
Researchers have identified a new class of lipids in tears and oleamide, a previously unknown lipid, shedding light on the complex design of tears. The discovery may help scientists better understand eye-related disorders like dry eye disease, which affects millions Americans.
Researchers found that Akt1 is specifically required for lactating mice to synthesize sufficient milk. The protein kinase plays a critical role in glucose metabolism, which may have implications for cancer therapy. Studies suggest that the metabolic demands of lactation bear similarities to those of tumor cells.
Researchers at UC Davis and colleagues discovered that green plants contain a bacterial toxin called lipid A, which is also found in Gram-negative bacteria. The presence of this toxin in plants challenges current knowledge about plant biology and evolution.
Researchers from IDIBAPS and Queensland University discovered that caveolin-1 and lipid droplets are essential for liver regeneration. The protein allows hepatocytes to accumulate energetic reserves and start the genetic machinery for division. Without it, mice are unable to regenerate their liver tissue.
Case Western Reserve University researchers found a dart-like molecule, Carboxyethylpyrroles (CEPs), that adheres to proteins in the eye, triggering uncontrolled blood vessel growth. This contributes to the development of age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness over 65.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago discovered a molecular motor that helps cells determine which way is up by transporting a key lipid. This process is essential for maintaining cell polarity and preventing cancerous metastasis. The study sheds light on the trafficking and disposition of polarity determinants.
Researchers at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research discovered that SREBP1 regulates both lipid synthesis and cell cycle progression. Disrupting SREBP1 activity can prevent lipid production, which is essential for new cell wall construction.
A 30-year study published in the journal Diabetes found that type 1 diabetics showed improved mortality and morbidity rates for certain complications, but cardiovascular disease rates remained unchanged. The study suggests that focusing solely on blood-glucose control is insufficient to prevent long-term complications of type 1 diabetes.
A study published in the American Physiological Society found that pine nut oil stimulated two well-known appetite-suppressing peptide hormones, CCK and GLP1, increasing their levels by 60% and 25%, respectively. This effect lasted for up to four hours, reducing desire to eat and prospective food intake scores.
Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have created a new lipid molecule that delivers therapeutic genes directly to cells, potentially helping inherited diseases and cancers. The novel molecule has a tree-shaped headgroup and displays superior DNA-delivery properties.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method to stabilize lipids and create biocompatible capsules. These capsules can be used for drug delivery, enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and biosensors, offering new possibilities for health and agricultural applications.