Articles tagged with Lipids
A new generation of chemists and biochemists is advancing lipid research with the help of a newly established database. The LIPID MAPS database, developed by UC San Diego researchers, provides a gold standard classification system for lipids, enabling better study and diagnosis of acute and chronic conditions such as diabetes and cancer.
Researchers developed a novel solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulation using Vitamin E TPGS and glyceryl mono-oleate to enhance the delivery of vinorelbine bitartrate, improving its anticancer efficacy. The SLNs showed a biphasic release pattern and were 39.5 times more effective than the original drug.
Researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease by studying fatty acid metabolism. Inhibiting an enzyme involved in generating oleic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid, may offer protection against neurotoxicity.
A new animal model of age-related macular degeneration has been developed, allowing researchers to study the environmental risk factors that promote the condition. The model replicates aspects of human AMD, including lipid accumulation and inflammation, which can lead to vision loss.
Researchers from McMaster University have discovered a novel genetic control of lipid maintenance that links to lifespan. The study found that the WNT signalling pathway plays a key role in regulating lipid production, which is essential for healthy living.
Researchers found that a genetic defect tied to ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases leads to increased lipid production in starved cells. The mutation alters the regulation of lipid metabolism pathways, increasing levels of enzymes like NOX2, which can damage cells.
Engineers boosted cells' ability to produce unsaturated lipids, leading to increased membrane respiration and growth rate. This knowledge could improve biofuel production and develop new treatments for diseases like type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have identified three chemicals that could develop into a new type of anti-cold drug by analyzing changes in cellular fat molecules during the infection process. By studying lipids, the researchers found changes to prevent key virus replication and limited further infection.
A study by researchers at the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute has identified novel lipids in the heart and plasma of exercise-trained mice compared to those with a failing heart. These findings may represent new biomarkers and/or drug targets for Atrial Fibrillation and heart failure.
Recent research reveals that lipid droplets regulate proteins involved in gene expression, regulating their maturation, breakdown, and storage. This understanding has significant implications for embryonic development and the study of obesity and lipodystrophies.
Researchers analyzed animal fat residues to link a 8,200-year-old climate shift in Greenland with changes in a human settlement. The study found correlations between the climate event and shifts from cattle herding to goat herding and changes in dwelling structures, ultimately leading to settlement abandonment.
Researchers identify structure of ultra-long-chain lipid in tear film, which plays crucial role in vision. The finding may lead to improved treatments for dry eye by creating a better match with human tears.
Researchers developed a new imaging tool to visualize metabolic activities in individual cells, tracking protein, lipid, and DNA production. The technique's potential applications include tumor removal, head injury detection, and developmental disorder diagnosis.
Enrico Gratton, a renowned researcher in lipid biophysics, will receive the 2019 Avanti Award. His pioneering work has led to significant discoveries on membrane heterogeneity and nanodomains, advancing our understanding of biological membranes.
Researchers discovered that a freshwater algae strain can degrade and utilize non-food plant substrates, leading to improved cell growth and lipid productivity. This breakthrough has the potential to boost algal biofuel production by utilizing waste plant material, such as switchgrass and corn stover.
Researchers identified phosphatidylethanoloamine as a potent anti-inflammatory lipid found in Francisella tularensis bacteria, which can impair host immune response. Synthetic versions of the lipid also showed therapeutic potential against dengue fever virus.
A new study led by University of Pennsylvania researchers has discovered the underlying factors causing ichthyosis, a skin barrier disorder that leads to thick layers of scales. The team developed a topical therapy using a lotion that restored the skin's natural lipid envelope, improving symptoms in affected dogs.
Twelve scientists were recognized with prestigious ASBMB awards, including the ASBMB Award for Exemplary Contributions to Education, ASBMB-Merck Award, and Earl and Thressa Stadtman Scholar Award. The winners are known for their groundbreaking research in biochemistry and molecular biology.
Researchers discovered that the mitochondria of gut-resident white blood cells have a different composition that reduces their energy production, keeping them in a controlled activated state. This knowledge can lead to new diagnostic markers and treatments for conditions like gut inflammations and infections.
A team of researchers has identified lipid defects in the brain as the cause of sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease. Restoring the balance of a key lipid, phosphatidylserine, improves sleep patterns in genetically modified fruit flies and suggests a potential new treatment direction.
Researchers have discovered that disruptions in iron-sulfur cluster formation can lead to the buildup of fat droplets in cells, a hallmark of conditions like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The study provides clues about the biochemical causes of these diseases and may help researchers find new targets for treatment.
A team of researchers has developed a device called SpiderMass that enables surgeons to analyze tissue samples in real-time, potentially speeding up cancer surgery. The device uses mass spectrometry and a new ionization strategy to detect protein biomarkers, which could help identify stray cancer cells faster.
Researchers at McLean Hospital found that elevated levels of certain lipids in the brain are associated with Parkinson's disease. The study suggests that lipid alterations may precede some of the disease's hallmark features and could provide an early warning sign for patients.
Research reveals deletion of adipose oxidative stress decreases lipid accumulation in the liver, improving insulin resistance and inducing metabolically healthy obesity. Oxidative stress suppresses lipogenic genes in adipocytes, leading to de novo lipogenesis suppression.
Researchers at Purdue University may have discovered a way to stop Ebola virus replication by mutating its most important protein, VP40. The study found that altering the amino acid sequence of VP40 reduces lipid binding and prevents viral budding, offering new targets for therapeutics.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have discovered that Schwann cells produce fatty acids through an enzyme called FASN, which is essential for myelin layer formation and maintenance. This breakthrough has implications for understanding the development of rare childhood diseases and potential treatments.
Eczema patients' skin shows shorter lipids that protect less effectively, allowing irritants to enter and setting the stage for lesions. An allergic immune response shortens lipids, making skin more susceptible to eczematous lesions.
Researchers found that disruption of ganglioside enzyme leads to cell overgrowth in Sandhoff disease organoids, mimicking large brains of patients. Gene therapy approach was successful in improving size and reducing ganglioside accumulation after treatment.
Researchers found that very long-chain meibum is essential for preventing dry eye disease. Mice with deleted Elovl1 gene developed cloudy corneas and signs of dry eye disease after five months.
Researchers at Saint Louis University have discovered a link between elevated chlorinated lipids and severe outcomes in sepsis patients. The study found that high levels of these lipids can predict acute respiratory distress syndrome and death within 30 days, suggesting they may serve as an early warning sign of the condition.
A University of Iowa study reveals how excess fat in the heart's mitochondria leads to impaired energy production and cardiac damage. Researchers found that lipid overload causes small, misshapen mitochondria that don't produce energy efficiently.
Researchers found that mTOR stimulates liver tumor formation through increased lipid synthesis. The study shows how mTORC2 promotes the new synthesis of fatty acids and lipids in hepatocytes, enabling rapid cell growth and energy production.
Researchers at Columbia University developed a new microscopy technique to track fatty acids in living cells, revealing that saturated fats cause hardened membrane patches that can lead to cellular damage. In contrast, unsaturated fats can 'melt' these patches, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for lipid disorders.
A new review article examines the effectiveness of lipid-based products, including liposome lid sprays and emulsion eye drops, in treating dry eye disease. The studies found that these products provide immediate relief of symptoms and improve the structure and stability of the tear film lipid layer.
Researchers found that topical application of Resolvin E1 on gum tissues prevented and treated gum disease, while also reducing the likelihood of advanced arterial plaque rupture. The study suggests effective preventive and therapeutic treatments for heart disease and gum disease without unwanted side effects.
Researchers found that long-term yerba mate supplementation reduced body weight and improved blood lipid levels, as well as insulin resistance in obese mice. The study suggests that yerba mate may be a safe and effective way to manage weight and related metabolic disorders.
Researchers found that fruit flies raised on a low protein diet during early life lived more than twice as long as those fed throughout on a standard diet. Adult flies release toxic lipids from their skin, which were less toxic if they ate a low-protein diet earlier in life.
Researchers at UC Berkeley and University of Toronto have discovered lipid mediators that may halt glaucoma progression. The study found that lipoxins A4 and B4 secreted by astrocytes can stop retinal ganglion cell degeneration, offering a potential treatment for this neurodegenerative disease.
Researchers found that lipids produced by Bacteroidetes bacteria have a unique chemical signature and can cause inflammation in blood vessels. The study links these bacterial lipids to atherosclerosis and may lead to early diagnosis of heart disease.
Researchers from TU Graz developed the 'Lipid Data Analyzer' tool, which can identify lipids at a detailed structural level more precisely and reliably than previous solutions. The tool detected over 100 novel lipid species and can be flexibly adapted for other metabolic products such as sugars.
Scientists discover that velvet worm slime consists of a mix of proteins and fatty acids, forming nanoglobules that harden into stiff filaments when exposed to shear forces. These fibers have tensile stiffness similar to Nylon and can be dissolved in water again within hours.
Researchers discovered that muscle cell lipid composition varies with the time of day, influenced by a biological clock, which could help regulate insulin sensitivity. This variation is linked to type 2 diabetes development.
Scientists have created Algal droplet bioreactors on a chip that can screen millions of cells for improved growth rates and lipid content. The technology holds promise for accelerating the discovery of super algal strains that can efficiently produce biofuels, potentially making commercial-scale production a reality.
Researchers discovered that impairing the partnership between brain cells leads to neurodegeneration. Apolipoprotein APOE4 was found to mediate lipid droplet accumulation, increasing oxidative stress and breaking protective mechanisms. This study provides new insights into Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that gut bacteria regulate lipid uptake by hacking into the circadian clocks in gut cells. The microbiome helps establish the essential molecular link NFIL3, which regulates body composition and metabolism. This discovery may lead to new strategies to fight obesity.
Researchers at University of Utah Health found that boosting levels of acylcarnitines, a new lipid source for brown fat, restores youthful ability to adapt to cold in older mice. This discovery could lead to a therapy for cold sensitivity and potentially aid in obesity prevention.
Researchers identified lipid accumulation mechanism in oocytes, limiting in vitro bovine embryo success. Excessive fat buildup impairs embryo development and viability.
Scientists have created a method to build bridges between organelles in living cells, allowing for controlled manipulation of communication between subcellular compartments. This breakthrough could lead to breakthroughs in understanding cell function and developing new treatments for diseases.
A team of archaeologists discovered lipid-based biomarkers for whole wheat in a frozen Bronze Age container, providing new insights into the spread and exploitation of cereal grains. The finding has significant implications for studying early farming practices in Eurasia.
Muscles require energy to perform daily movements, and researchers have found a pathway that regulates fuel delivery based on activity level. The discovery is dependent on circadian rhythms and could impact obesity in humans.
A new study published in Current Biology found that bacterial cells are limited by their ability to produce fat, which affects their growth and size. The research, conducted at Washington University in St. Louis, used a novel approach to understand the role of biosynthesis in cell-size regulation.
A Clemson University graduate discovered that certain toxicants can disrupt the maturation of Daphnia magna by altering lipid levels, affecting development and reproductive rates. The study found that triclosan and atrazine can lead to stunted growth and altered lipid allocation in newborns.
Researchers found that knocking out a key enzyme improved post-heart attack healing and reduced chronic inflammation. The study suggests that a short-term dietary excess of polyunsaturated fatty acids may also play a role in promoting healing.
A Japanese research team has discovered the mechanism behind oil synthesis in microalgae cells, which could contribute to the development of more efficient biofuels. The findings revealed that adding seawater increases the production of triacylglycerol, a key component of oil.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can obtain lipids from their host plants, which are essential for their growth and reproduction. This discovery highlights the importance of lipid transfer in these symbiotic relationships, suggesting that AM fungi depend on their hosts for survival and nutrient uptake.
Researchers identify genes involved in lipid uptake as critical for TRM cell function, revealing a key dependency on fatty acids. Targeting these lipids could enable selective removal of TRM cells, offering new therapeutic opportunities for autoimmune diseases.
Lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have shown increased effectiveness in delivering nucleic acids, with advantages including protection against degradation and boost to transfection process. Researchers are exploring their application in treating various diseases, including degenerative disorders of the retina, infectious diseases, and cancer.
Researchers identified cardiolipin, a mitochondrial lipid, as a potential target for reducing Parkinson's symptoms. Blocking the FASN protein increased cardiolipin levels and improved mitochondrial function, providing new insights into the disease.
Researchers discovered that a vitamin D metabolite inhibits proteins regulating lipid production, opening new treatment opportunities for diseases linked to vitamin D deficiency. The study's findings suggest potential therapeutic applications for synthetic analogs of the metabolite.
Researchers analyzed prefrontal cortex lipids in humans and monkeys to identify key differences. They found that human brains had a greater range of lipid concentrations during the first year of life, with many changes occurring after childhood.