Articles tagged with Lipids
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered 110 genes, circular RNAs, lipids and metabolites that differ between medulloblastoma patients' cerebrospinal fluid and healthy controls. These findings provide proof of principle for novel biomarkers to detect and track the disease.
Researchers discovered specific ceramides in the blood are associated with unfavorable levels of diabetes-related compounds, linking unhealthy diets to increased risk. Ceramide profiling may enable more precise dietary approaches for preventing cardiometabolic diseases.
Scientists at Tufts University create nanoparticles that carry genetic instructions to specifically target the lungs, reducing tumors in a preclinical model of a rare genetic lung disease. The breakthrough could lead to improved treatment options for patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Researchers at EPFL's School of Life Sciences discovered that blocking sphingolipid synthesis can reverse the symptoms of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, including loss of muscle function and inflammation. This study identifies sphingolipid inhibition as a potential treatment for muscular dystrophies.
Researchers from Goethe University and the University of Bristol analyzed prehistoric pots and found complex distributions of plant lipids, indicating the processing of various plant species. The study reveals that leafy greens were first used in West African cuisine around 3,500 years ago.
Researchers found fatty acid compounds, GDGTs, and archaeol compounds in salt sediments of Qaidam Basin, a promising analog site for Mars exploration. The distribution of lipids provides important references for understanding Martian habitability.
A new study from MIT reveals that calorie-restricted diets slow tumor growth in mice by reducing fatty acid availability, while ketogenic diets have limited effect. The findings offer insight into how dietary interventions might be combined with existing or emerging drugs to help patients with cancer.
Researchers reveal stable phosphatidylglycerol-DNA complex formation with strong van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions. The complex's structural parameters are determined, providing insight into the differences between DNA-phospholipid interaction and fatty acid binding.
A team of researchers from IOCB Prague has discovered a new type of nanoparticles capable of safely transporting various types of nucleic acids used for therapeutic purposes into cells. The universal nature of their system sets it apart from existing solutions, allowing for efficient transport of mRNA and other RNA molecules into cells.
A new preclinical study validates the spleen's role in cardiac healing and suggests targeting S1P as a potential treatment for heart failure. The study discovered interactions between S1P and the heart during transition from acute to chronic heart failure.
Researchers found Prozac reduces lipid concentrations in monkey brains, linked to potential side effects in young patients. The study suggests dietary changes may alleviate adverse effects by influencing lipid synthesis.
Researchers have discovered that reduced levels of sphingosine are significantly associated with developing COVID-19 symptoms, while elevated sphingosine and acid ceramidase levels are linked to asymptomatic infections. This biomarker has a high degree of accuracy in predicting patient outcomes.
Researchers at Hokkaido University created a lipid polymer that can carry genetic code into lung cells, potentially treating diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and lung cancers. The delivery method bypasses the liver and targets specific lung cells without targeting ligands.
A recent study by Queen Mary University of London provides new insight into the mechanisms behind uncontrolled inflammation in COVID-19 patients. The research found that treatments increasing specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPM) production, such as dexamethasone, may play a key role in limiting disease severity.
Researchers used Mendelian randomization to analyze the genetic association between thyroid function and serum lipid profiles, finding a distinct causal relationship. The study highlights the importance of pituitary-thyroid-cardiac axis in diseases related to dyslipidemia.
Researchers found that omega-3 fatty acids can reduce depressive symptoms by preventing cell death and promoting neurogenesis. The study used a combination of laboratory and patient research to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in this relationship.
Researchers have discovered that ion and lipid transporters have evolved distinct structural features to optimize the transport of their respective substrates. Crystal structures reveal a pump primed for dephosphorylation in Ca2+-ATPase, while a novel mechanism is uncovered in P4-ATPases, enabling efficient lipid flippase activity.
Researchers discovered that tumor microenvironment contains oxidized fat molecules that suppress killer T cells' ability to fight cancer. The process involves CD36 cellular fat transporter and leads to increased lipid oxidation, triggering stress response proteins and repressing anti-tumor functions.
A recent study confirms a plant-fungus partnership as the origin of terrestrial vegetation, with scientists using CRISPR to demonstrate lipid exchange between plants and fungi. This discovery sheds light on the first steps of life on land, validating a 40-year-old hypothesis.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have discovered how lipid droplets in kidney cells help prevent damage from excess dietary fats. The study found that lipid droplets act as a safe haven for storing excess fats, and boosting the ATGL enzyme can repair damage caused by a high-fat diet.
The special issue explores the subtopics of in vivo fate of drug nanocarriers through review and research articles. Featured papers discuss intracellular uptake, impact of particle size and pH on protein corona formation, and in vivo dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Researchers developed a technique to redirect carbon resources from carbohydrates to lipids in microalgae, enabling large-scale lipid production even under light/dark conditions. This method could contribute to the implementation of biofuel production using microalgae.
Scientists have discovered that snake scales adapt to different environments by changing their surface chemistry. The study found that tree snakes have ordered lipid molecules on their bellies, while sand snakes have similar layers on both sides.
Researchers at Buck Institute discover non-invasive biomarker test to measure and track performance of senolytic drugs, which target multiple age-related diseases. The biomarker detects a unique lipid metabolite released when senescent cells die.
Researchers have discovered a combination of monochromatic red and blue LED illumination that enhances the growth and biosynthesis of D. Salina microalgae, increasing lipid productivity and dry biomass yield by 35% and 10%, respectively.
Researchers at Kyoto University's iCeMS have identified a nuclear protein fragment that activates a lipid-scrambling protein to display an 'eat-me' signal on cell surfaces, alerting phagocytes to eliminate unwanted cells. This discovery sheds light on the complex process of cell death and its importance for maintaining tissue health.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered modified compounds called epo-NA5HT and epo-NADA that target multiple cannabinoid receptors, interrupting pain and inflammation pathways. These lipid epoxides are much more potent than their precursor molecules and offer a promising alternative to opioid-based painkillers.
A study on microalgae from the Kaliningrad Region revealed that Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina produce high amounts of saturated fatty acids, while Arthrospira platensis contains up to 23% unsaturated fatty acids. These findings suggest microalgae as a promising source for lipid production.
Researchers at Michigan State University and the University of Hawaii have discovered chemical signatures in corals that indicate resistance to bleaching. The study found that resistant corals host algae with saturated lipids, which differ from those found in susceptible corals with more unsaturated lipids.
Synthesized very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) have been shown to increase lipid levels in the retina and improve visual function in both normal and defective ELOVL4 mice. The study opens up a new area of research, raising questions about oral administration, blood transport, and selective targeting to the retina.
A study of indoor ozone chemistry in an occupied house found overall low ozone concentrations but multiple VOCs indicating ozone reactions with skin lipids and other surface chemicals. Volatile oxidation products from skin oil persisted for up to 5 days, suggesting a significant contribution of skin lipids to indoor ozone chemistry
Scientists at Temple University Health System have identified Kruppel-like factor 5 as a key protein driving both oxidative stress and toxic lipid accumulation in the heart. This discovery opens up new avenues for treating various types of cardiac disease, including diabetes and heart attack.
New lipid residue analyses reveal a dominance of animal products in ancient ceramic vessels from rural and urban settlements of the Indus Civilisation. The study identifies a predominance of non-ruminant animal fats, contradicting previous assumptions about the region's diet.
A randomized trial investigated carboxylic acid formulation of EPA and DHA, reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. The study found omega-3 CA to be more effective than corn oil in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
A study of 444 patients in Sweden found that prescription physical activity improved weight, blood pressure, and quality of life, particularly among those with low initial activity levels. Continuous support and individualized treatment were crucial for maintaining gains over two years.
Scientists found that lipid droplets are not only used as an energy source but also act as a weapon against bacterial invaders. These fatty droplets can be used to target and kill bacteria, providing a new way to fight infection.
Researchers designed hydrogels with self-renewing, lipid-based boundary layers, reducing friction by a near 100-fold. The approach maintains lubricity after drying and rehydration, opening potential applications in tissue engineering and biosensor development.
Researchers found that mammalian lipid droplets play a crucial role in organizing and supporting intracellular immune responses against microbial pathogens. The structures help drive metabolic shifts within cells toward an environment more conducive to host defense.
Researchers at Flinders University have developed a novel protocol to detect lipid production in microalgae, enabling the mass production of omega-3 fatty acids and other healthy compounds. The technique improves on traditional fluorescent probes, allowing for easy and rapid evaluation of lipid conditions within microalgae.
The study found that lipid-rich plaques detected by NIRS imaging are associated with adverse outcomes and can be used as a prognostic index for vulnerable plaques. High-risk plaques were identified in patients with recent myocardial infarction, and their presence was linked to increased risk of future cardiac events.
Researchers at Université catholique de Louvain have discovered a link between the brain and intestinal bacteria that plays a crucial role in regulating sugar levels in the blood. The study found that a particular lipid acts on the gut 'second brain' to restore communication and reduce diabetes risk.
A new study on chimpanzees shows that a plant-based diet and substantial opportunities for exercise can reduce cardiovascular disease risk to human levels. Free-ranging chimpanzees in sanctuaries exhibit lower body weight and lipid levels, indicative of better health.
Researchers at MIT and the University of Alcalá in Spain discovered evidence of hot springs near early human archaeological sites in Olduvai Gorge. The proximity of these hydrothermal features raises the possibility that early humans could have used hot springs as a cooking resource, boiling fresh kills before controlling fire.
Researchers have found pro-inflammatory lipids that precede Type 1 diabetes onset in a mouse model and high-risk children. The findings suggest that these lipids may serve as biomarkers for the disease and offer a therapeutic target to prevent its development.
A year-long cooking experiment found that charred remains, inner surface residues, and lipids absorbed within the ceramic walls record cooking events across different time scales. This provides insights into ancient culinary practices, resource usage, and vessel lifespan.
Researchers developed a new microscopy technique to visualize NAFLD progression in real-time, capturing details of lipid accumulation and immune cell behavior. The approach provides a highly useful research tool for identifying key parameters contributing to the disease.
Researchers discover a novel mechanism of structural color in Viburnum tinus fruits, using lipid nanostructures to reflect blue light. The striking blue color may also serve as a signal to birds indicating the fruit's nutritional value.
Researchers found that Viburnum tinus plants' blue fruits owe their color to fat in their cellular structure, a first in nature. The combination of bright blue color and high nutritional content makes the fruits an irresistible treat for birds.
Researchers at Nagoya University have found the mechanism of the night-to-day transition of the circadian rhythm in green algae. By controlling the activity of ROC75, they can wake up green algae and enhance their photosynthetic activities to produce larger amounts of lipids.
Researchers at UPV/EHU University of the Basque Country discover osteopontin's protective role in preventing early onset of metabolic fatty liver disease. Maintaining physiological levels of osteopontin is essential to delay disease progression during ageing.
A new study published in Redox Biology shows that the drug CMS121 successfully reversed memory loss in a mouse model of inherited Alzheimer's disease. The drug works by normalizing lipid peroxidation and lowering levels of fatty acid synthetase, suggesting FASN as a potential target for treating Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered new channels enabling lipid transport between the malaria parasite and red blood cells, raising possibility of nutrient-blocking treatments. The study found Niemann-Pick C1-related protein (PfNCR1) channels made of PfNCR1.
Researchers Rebecca Lybrand and her team studied the interaction between ground-nesting bees and soils in agricultural settings. They found that active nesting sites were present in locations with little to no rock cover and low vegetation, which may provide a suitable habitat for these pollinators.
A new study from Binghamton University connects lipids and bacteria to aid in understanding eczema. Researchers found that decreased levels of ceramides can allow Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to penetrate the skin barrier, leading to inflammation and infection. Further research is needed to unlock the secrets of atopic dermatitis.
Researchers found that parenteral oil infusions can prevent cholestasis and restore bile flow in preterm piglets, accompanied by changes in gut bile acids and the gut microbiome. The study provides new insights into the mechanism of lipid emulsions and their impact on liver health.
Researchers find ozone sterilization method effective in killing COVID-19 virus, as well as other viruses like poliovirus and rotavirus. Ozone-based sanitizers like SoClean can be used to sterilize masks for reuse.
Researchers at the Beckman Institute developed a new technique to quantify lipids in rat brain tissue, providing more information than previous methods. The technique allows for the localization and amount of ceramides to be determined, which are important in learning and memory.
Researchers at the University of Bonn discovered that gamma-secretase, a protein shredder, indirectly regulates fat metabolism in brain cells. This process can lead to adiposis, disrupting cellular functions, while also having potential benefits against cancer by inhibiting tumor cell division.
A groundbreaking tool, LipidCreator, has been developed to efficiently analyze specific lipid groups and signal molecules, accelerating the discovery of biomarkers for diseases. This software enables scientists to quantify 60 lipid classes and their signaling molecules in larger studies than previously possible.
Inhibiting sphingolipid metabolism in neurons improves neurodegeneration symptoms and increases survival in a mouse model, according to new research. The findings suggest that compromised sphingolipid metabolism in GARP mutations may be a potential cause of neurodegeneration.