A major new study reveals that family background in UK children still significantly impacts their educational achievements at primary school level, just like nearly a century ago. The achievement gap between children from impoverished and privileged backgrounds remains stagnant, accounting for half a grade difference.
Researchers found that NSAID use negates the bone-protective effects of bisphosphonate clodronate on preventing osteoporotic fractures. The study suggests caution in extrapolating these data to more widely used bisphosphonates, as concomitant usage may lead to reduced fracture risk.
Researchers found a simulated annual downward trend in surface PM10 concentrations in Senegal and Cabo Verde after the 1980s. However, there was an increase in dust over the Western Sahara transported to Cabo Verde, suggesting Eastern Atlantic dust continued on toward the U.S. and Caribbean.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have developed a method to make bricks out of Martian soil using bacteria and urea. These 'space bricks' can be used for building-like structures on Mars, reducing porosity and increasing strength. The team plans to study the effect of Mars' atmosphere and low gravity on the bricks.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully cultivated human muscle stem cells capable of renewing themselves and repairing muscle tissue damage in mice. The self-renewing stem cells were created by reprogramming laboratory-grown human skin cells, which then differentiated into specific cell types using a nutrient-rich broth.
Researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine defined 11 subsets of cells found in esophageal tissue using single cell gene-expression profiling. This study could help clinicians diagnose or treat certain types of cancer by identifying functional cell types contributing to cancer progression.
A new study finds that people with faster accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors have an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease dementia or vascular dementia compared to those with stable risk factors. Researchers suggest earlier interventions could be effective in preventing further memory decline.
Researchers at Einstein Aging Study are investigating how social forces contribute to inequalities in cognitive health, particularly among Black and Hispanic Americans. The new grant will enable the tracking of over 700 Bronx adults with mobile technology to measure cognition directly as they engage in everyday activities.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin have discovered a novel mechanism that restricts cell division in healthy stomach tissue, protecting against cancerous changes. However, Helicobacter pylori infection deactivates this mechanism, enabling cells to grow uncontrollably and increasing the risk of stomach cancer.
The UK National Osteoporosis Guideline Group has published a new guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, which includes updated recommendations for vertebral fracture detection and anabolic treatment options. The guidance aims to improve service provision in both primary and secondary care settings.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that mice with different gut microbiomes choose different diets, influenced by substances produced by microbes. The researchers suggest that certain molecules, such as tryptophan, may be hijacking the body's natural signals to promote specific food cravings.
A Northwestern University astrophysics team proposes that fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) originate from the cocoons of jets launched by dying stars. The new model, fully consistent with all FBOT observations, suggests that as the jet pushes the cocoon outward, it cools and releases heat, emitting an observed FBOT emission.
A large-scale study found a link between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations and an increased risk of myocarditis, particularly among younger individuals. The study, published in JAMA Cardiology, analyzed data from Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden.
A randomized trial found that an internet-delivered CBT-I program tailored for Black women resulted in significant improvements in insomnia symptoms and sustained gains at 6 months. Compared to a standard program, the culturally-tailored version improved engagement with treatment and led to better sleep outcomes.
A study led by MUSC researchers found that inhibiting the complement system with CR2Crry can prevent long-term brain damage and improve outcomes in premature infants with germinal matrix hemorrhage. The treatment has shown improved survival, weight gain, reduced brain injury, and enhanced motor and cognitive performances.
Portable MRI machines detected ischemic strokes with 90% accuracy, enabling quick treatment decisions in remote locations. This technology helps clinicians differentiate between clotting and bleeding strokes, making critical treatment choices in time-sensitive situations.
A Scripps Oceanography-led study predicts that climate change is making surface ocean currents faster and thinner, affecting global nutrient transport and carbon removal. This change can have a ripple effect on the ocean's ability to remove heat from the atmosphere.
Researchers analyzed engraved stones in France, finding patterns of heat damage suggesting they were carved near a fire. The study recreated the stones under firelight conditions, revealing a new understanding of prehistoric art creation.
A study of 619 participants found that reducing smartphone use by one hour daily or complete abstinence for a week led to positive effects on physical activity, life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression. These benefits lasted longer in the reduced-use group, suggesting an optimal daily usage time may exist.
A new study has found that pterosaurs could change the color of their feathers using melanin pigments. The research is based on a 115-million-year-old fossilized headcrest of the Tupandactylus imperator pterosaur from north-eastern Brazil.
A new study reveals a gene called KLF4 that normally suppresses tumor formation but is reprogrammed in acute promyelocytic leukemia, an aggressive type of blood cancer. Overexpressing KLF4 can suppress the growth of cancerous cells and reverse the effects of the disease.
A recent study found that extra copies of the 3p25.3 region of DNA can lead to chemotherapy resistance in germ cell cancer. The research suggests this abnormality may be a key factor in predicting patient outcomes and could help identify those at high risk, allowing for alternative treatment options
A synthetic peptide has been shown to block the communication and virulence of resistant Staphylococcus bacteria in an animal model. The peptide, encapsulated in biodegradable microparticles, effectively inhibited skin wound infections.
Researchers at Sloan Kettering Institute have identified a new potential 'soldier' for cancer immunotherapy, killer innate-like T cells. These cells recognize unmutated antigens and can penetrate deeper into tissues where cancer is hiding, making them attractive as a target for immunotherapy.
Researchers have developed a novel method called 'dative epitaxy' for growing thin layers of crystals made from different materials on top of each other. This technique allows for the formation of special chemical bonds to fix crystal orientation, overcoming limitations of conventional and van der Waals epitaxial techniques.
A new study from the University of Portsmouth reveals that only Arsenal among the Premier League's top six clubs has strong financial resilience to external economic shocks. The research found that Arsenal can withstand significant economic fluctuations, while other 'Big Six' clubs are more vulnerable.
A recent study found that four Alpine bird species will undergo a range contraction towards higher elevations in response to climate change. The analysis predicted that ~15,000 km² of areas will remain suitable for at least three species in the future, with 44% currently designated as protected areas.
A recent study published in PLOS One suggests that humans arrived in the Americas by at least 14,200 years ago in Beringia and approximately 13,000 years ago in temperate latitudes. The researchers' findings are based on an analysis of buried archaeological deposits using a new statistic called the Apparent Stratigraphic Integrity Index.
Adults exposed to chronic parental domestic violence have higher rates of depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse, but many thrive despite their early adversity. Social support plays a crucial role in maintaining good mental health.
A new study by University College London (UCL) researchers found that climate change and intensive agricultural land use have already led to a 49% reduction in insect populations in the most impacted parts of the world. Insect declines are linked to rising temperatures and land use changes, with tropical areas seeing the biggest declines.
Exposure to certain air pollutants is associated with a greater likelihood of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. The study found a significant link between traffic-related pollutants and COVID-19 infection risk, suggesting that improving air quality may have public health benefits.
A new UCLA-led technology uses microscopic nanovials to sort single live cells based on their type, compound secretion, and amount. This innovation could advance basic biological research and improve the efficiency of biologic treatments.
Researchers discovered that glutamate binds to specific patterns on its receptors, overturning the prevailing view of simple stepwise transitions. This finding may aid the development of more effective treatments with fewer side effects for conditions like depression, dementia, and epilepsy.
A team of astronomers has discovered micronovae, extremely powerful events that occur on the surface of white dwarfs and can burn through billions of kilograms of material in a few hours. These new stellar explosions challenge our understanding of thermonuclear reactions in stars and may be more abundant than previously thought.
A new study found a clear link between brisk walking and longer telomere length, indicating slower biological aging. Researchers estimate that a lifetime of brisk walking could lead to the equivalent of 16 years younger biological age by midlife.
Researchers discovered that lipid droplets play a crucial role in mitochondrial recycling, and impairing DGAT1 activity leads to reduced recycling and increased cell stress. The study provides new insights into iron homeostasis and its impact on cellular metabolism.
A University of Gothenburg study found that a single visit to a health coach can deteriorate perceived health in 50-year-olds. After one hour-long session, participants reported worse changes in overall wellbeing, physical and mental health compared to those who received no treatment.
A University of Oklahoma research team is exploring ethical AI methods specifically in environmental sciences. They aim to develop trustworthy AI tools to help mitigate weather and climate disasters. The team's work seeks to address biased AI algorithms that favor areas with higher populations.
Researchers will investigate the radiation resistance of wide bandgap semiconductors to develop devices for environments with significant radiation. The team aims to understand defects and their impact on device performance to achieve optimum radiation hardness.
A 31-year-old woman, a healthcare worker, tested positive for the Omicron strain of SARS-CoV-2 just 20 days after having a Delta infection. The 20-day gap between infections is the shortest known. Fully vaccinated and boosted, she developed symptoms without immunity.
Researchers at Stanford University and University of Mannheim find that integrated reversible power-to-gas systems can provide backup electricity during surging prices, reducing costs and increasing capacity utilization. The technology has the potential to link the electricity and hydrogen markets, making renewable energy more viable.
A study of 447 former college football players found an association between playing football and increased rates of cognitive and neurological disorders, as well as higher mortality rates. The findings suggest that football players may face unique health challenges beyond their playing careers.
A new study found that antidepressant use over two years does not significantly impact physical or mental health-related quality of life in individuals with depression. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological interventions.
A new study found that wolves preferentially target adult moose with osteoarthritis, an age-related disease, over prime-aged adults. This selective predation helps maintain a balance in prey populations, reducing the incidence of diseases such as osteoarthritis.
A new study published in Animal Behaviour found that newborn African savannah elephants can keep up with their mothers' daily movements, contrary to previous assumptions. This remarkable ability allows the calves to benefit from protection against predators and integration into the herd's social structure.
A new study found that females with Long COVID-19 syndrome were more symptomatic than males, experiencing breathing difficulties and fatigue. The study suggests sex-related differences in the pathophysiology of Long COVID-19 symptoms.
Researchers are developing radioconjugate drugs that combine radiation with a tumor-targeting agent to selectively kill cancer cells. Two approved drugs, Lutathera and Pluvicto, demonstrate the potential of this therapy, which could change the future of cancer treatment.
A US study found that almost three-quarters of antibiotics prescribed to patients over 65 are inappropriate, and two-thirds for Black patients. The study also showed that Hispanic/LatinX patients receive over half of their antibiotics inappropriately.
Research reveals that an imbalance in gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, may contribute to the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. Studies found a direct correlation between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's, with certain bacteria contributing to protein aggregation and neuronal damage.
Research published in PLOS ONE reveals women make up approximately a quarter of first authors in The Lancet, JAMA, and NEJM. Despite some progress, no notable improvement was observed between 2002 and 2019, highlighting the persistence of a glass ceiling in academic medicine.
Researchers discovered that light can trigger magnetism in normally nonmagnetic materials by aligning electron spins. This breakthrough could enable the development of quantum bits for quantum computing and other applications.
A study of nearly 6.4 million adults found a significant association between the 2020 US presidential election and acute cardiovascular disease hospitalizations. The research suggests that the stress and anxiety caused by the election may have triggered increased hospitalizations for cardiovascular conditions.
A recent study published in Science found that urbanization drives the evolution of white clover in cities worldwide. The researchers collected over 100,000 plants from 160 cities and discovered that plants producing less cyanate were more common in urban areas compared to non-urban areas.
A systematic review of 39 studies found that personality traits and social norms are important determinants of the gender pay gap. The analysis suggests that these factors can explain a significant portion of the gap, but further research is needed to fully understand their contributions.
A study at the University of Helsinki found that in utero exposure to mother's antiepileptic or antidepressant medication can lead to widespread changes in cortical networks, affecting local and global brain function. This may have implications for infants' neuropsychological development and future research on environmental factors.
A new study by Georgetown University Medical Center scientists found that geoengineering the climate could shift malaria transmission regions, increasing the risk of infection in some areas. The research used climate models to simulate malaria transmission under different warming scenarios with and without geoengineering.
Researchers at University of Bonn identified a key enzyme, RIM1, that maintains synaptic homeostasis and prevents excessive brain activity. The discovery has implications for understanding diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and autism.
A new study found that many adolescent and young adult men with sickle cell disease are unaware of potential fertility issues associated with the disorder. The research suggests a need for accessible fertility education and testing options to address this knowledge gap, particularly in how SCD and treatments may affect fertility.
The Lustgarten Foundation has awarded a $5 million grant to Break Through Cancer to target KRAS in pancreatic cancer. The Conquering KRAS in Pancreatic Cancer Team will integrate clinical and laboratory approaches to understand why patients respond to new therapies.
Scientists are tracking changes in seismic wave velocity around the Mexico City Basin using ambient noise generated by urban activity. The study found a long-term increase in velocity at stations over compacting lake clay deposits, which can affect building stability during earthquakes. Additionally, seasonal variations and post-seismi...
Researchers have developed a way to print 3D objects within a stationary volume of resin, removing the need for support structures. This technique uses triplet fusion upconversion nanocapsules to create blue light, enabling the printing of complex designs with improved efficiency and reduced material usage.
Dr. Jerry C. Johnson, MD, AGSF, is honored with the prestigious Nascher/Manning Award for his groundbreaking work in geriatrics. He has made significant contributions to improving care for older adults through teaching, mentorship, and innovative research programs.
A recent study found that community-based rangeland management projects in Namibia improved resource governance but had limited impact on environmental and economic outcomes. The projects aimed to increase household incomes and improve rangeland conditions through coordinated land use practices, but ultimately failed to achieve signifi...
Researchers found that video radiology reports improved patients' understanding of their results by using lay language and annotated images. The reports were also well-received by patients, with an average rating of 4.7 out of 5.
A study found that prior symptomatic COVID-19 infection provided a similar degree of protection against reinfection as mRNA vaccination, with natural immunity offering a longer window of protection.
A survey of veterinarians in the US and Canada reveals a significant increase in cannabis poisoning cases among pets since Canada's 2018 legalization, with most cases treated successfully. The study highlights the importance of understanding the effects of cannabis on pets to inform veterinary efforts and policies.
Dr. Jennifer Garrison will present her latest research on Reframing Health and Aging through the Lens of Reproductive Longevity at the 9th ARDD conference. Her lab studies inter-tissue communication in systemic aging and its impact on female reproductive decline.
Researchers at Aarhus University have developed improved DNA nanostructures that can assemble biomolecules with multiple functions, increasing the effectiveness of cancer treatment. The new structures are more stable, non-toxic, and immune system-friendly than previous versions.
A new control allocation method using a neural network improves the performance of quadrotor controllers by considering aerodynamic effects. This approach reduces errors in command generation and delivers better thrust and torque signals.
Researchers have discovered a new type of stellar explosion called micronovae, which are thermonuclear blasts lasting just a few hours and burning through massive amounts of material. The discovery challenges current knowledge of how these explosions occur in stars and may lead to more being found.
A new study reveals that bacteria in the ocean swim through their environment while hunting for specific chemical cues, governing processes that control climate and marine food web health. The research demonstrates the importance of microbial behavior in shaping the ocean's microbiome.
Researchers tracked brain cell activity in zebrafish during seizures, finding that seizures arise from an excess of excitatory over inhibitory neuron activity in confined regions. The findings suggest a nuanced role for both excitation and inhibition in seizure origins.
A study of US adults found that short sleep duration and inconsistent sleep timing were associated with increased anxiety/depression symptoms and substance use. Participants who slept less than 6 hours a night had higher odds of these symptoms.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are testing a novel therapy that combines local laser ablation and immunostimulants to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer. The treatment aims to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer cells, with promising preliminary results in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials.
Patients aged ≥75 years with NVAF and previous stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) have a higher risk of subsequent ischemic and hemorrhagic events compared to those without previous TIA. DOACs may offer lower bleeding risks for this population.
A Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy was associated with reduced preeclampsia risk, particularly among Black women. The study found that following this diet resulted in a significant reduction in the risk of developing preeclampsia, which is a major cause of complications and death for mothers and their unborn children.
A recent study found that native vegetation green roofs in New York City are more effective at managing stormwater runoff compared to conventional succulent-planted green roofs. The research used the Ranaqua green roof as a case study, which was constructed and monitored by the NYC Department of Parks & Recreation.
A recent study by NYU researchers reveals that our eyes stay focused on what we reach for due to a complex neurological process called gaze anchoring. By inhibiting eye movements, neurons in the brain enhance accuracy when grasping objects.
A seismic algorithm has been developed to detect and locate volcanic eruptions in near real-time. The algorithm was tested using the Hunga Tonga Ha'apai eruption, which ejected around 10 km³ of ash and lava, making it the largest explosive eruption of the 21st century.
Researchers found that non-biting midge larvae accumulate pesticides from polluted water and retain them into adulthood. Adult female midges have higher pesticide concentrations than males, which are transferred to their offspring. The study suggests that midges can be a source of pesticides in terrestrial ecosystems.
The Bird Language Diversity app provides a 'birds eye view' of vital information on bird species globally. Researchers found that 1587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions, highlighting the importance of overcoming language barriers for effective conservation measures.
Researchers used Chandra X-Ray Observatory to detect X-ray signatures of black holes in nuclear star clusters across 108 galaxies. The study found that above a certain mass and density threshold, these clusters emit x-ray signatures indicative of a black hole at twice the rate below the threshold.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have discovered a potential new target for treating acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) by understanding how two oncoproteins interact within cancer cells. The study found that beta-catenin and Wilms Tumour 1 proteins physically interact, impacting each other's oncogenic signalling activity.
New modelling shows China's demand for thermal and coking coal imports from Australia will dramatically drop by 26-45% between 2019 and 2025. This decline is driven by Beijing's plans for rapid decarbonisation and energy security, posing significant losses to major coal exporters like Australia.
A new study by Aston University reveals that Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) can improve their sustainability performance by adopting circular economy practices. The research found that SMEs in all participating countries are likely to achieve higher environmental performance through CE adoption, with products, processes, and...
A team of scientists creates ultrafast optical nonlinearity in a monolayer semiconductor by designing plasmon-exciton polaritons, achieving strong interactions and great tunability. This breakthrough enables high-speed all-optical switching and energy-efficient data processing at room temperature.
Researchers developed a new method of deep brain stimulation driven by motor cortical activity to treat Parkinson's disease. This approach, known as adaptive DBS (aDBS), uses γ2 band activity from the primary motor cortex to modulate stimulation parameters and reduce battery consumption.
A new study found that opioid-related mortality rates in Ontario, Canada, have shifted downward to peak in the mid-30s among males and females. The study analyzed high-frequency data from 2003 to 2020 and hypothesizes that opioid-related mortality among younger adults will continue to grow.
Dr. Kristen Fortney will present her research on data-informed drug discovery and clinical development for therapies targeting aging at the 9th Aging Research and Drug Discovery conference. The presentation aims to unlock opportunities to treat or prevent diseases of aging by targeting molecular pathways that impact healthy human aging.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that altering macrophage metabolism influences their relationship with T cells, suppressing tumor growth and reducing overall tumor size. The study found PERK protein's involvement in key metabolic pathways and identified a potential clinical drug inhibitor to target it.
Researchers found that gamification increased daily steps by an average of 647 for postpartum individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The study, published in JAMA Cardiology, demonstrates the effectiveness of text-based gamification interventions to improve physical activity among high-risk postpartum women.
The 44th AChemS meeting investigates how COVID-19 affects olfactory function, leading to significant symptomology and quality of life impacts. Researchers will discuss recent findings on chemosensory testing and COVID-19, as well as the relationship between smell and depression.
New research suggests that ADCC responses and strain susceptibility influence HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission during breastfeeding. Enhancing ADCC through a vaccine may not be sufficient to prevent transmission due to chronically infected individuals' ADCC-resistant strains.
Outpatient antibiotic prescribing in Australia decreased significantly during the pandemic, with a 38% drop in winter 2020 compared to pre-pandemic years. The reduction was predominantly due to decreases in GP prescribing and targeted public education efforts.
A recent study published in Nature found that people with Alzheimer's have more newly acquired mutations in their neurons, leading to permanent DNA damage. The researchers discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in this process, which can be triggered by inflammation and immune reactions.
A doctor's visit from the future describes patient care in 2042, where diagnosis and treatment are personalized based on individual biological abnormalities. Researchers believe this approach could lead to more effective treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers developed global forecasts that can provide up to a year's notice of marine heatwaves, which can dramatically affect ocean ecosystems. The forecasts help fishing fleets, ocean managers, and coastal communities anticipate the effects of marine heatwaves, reducing ecological and economic impacts.
The review discusses optimization strategies for multifunctional graphene-based composite photocatalysts, including decreasing defect density, chemical doping, and depositing cocatalysts. Graphene plays a crucial role in enhancing light absorption, electron transfer dynamics, and surface reactions.
Researchers developed a blood test to detect circulating melanoma cells, which can help diagnose skin cancer and monitor treatment response. The test uses the Melanoma-specific OncoBean platform conjugated with melanoma-specific antibodies.
Researchers found a significant shift in gut microbiota and metabolites associated with altitude-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Probiotics treatment improved the condition by altering the abundance of certain microbe genera.
Researchers explored Magdalenian engraved plaquette use at Montastruc (France) using experimental and digital techniques. The findings suggest that these ancient artworks were likely used to appear as if moving in the firelight.
The study suggests that Venus' atmosphere plays a crucial role in determining its rotation speed, with fast winds dragging along the surface and slowing it down. This has significant consequences for the sweltering Venusian climate, with average temperatures of up to 900 degrees Fahrenheit.
Researchers analyzed food-grade nylon bags and single-use beverage cups, finding that they release trillions of nanoparticles per liter when exposed to hot water. The average size of these nanoparticles was between 30-80 nanometers, with concentrations seven times higher from nylon bags than from beverage cups.
A new study assesses the degree and duration of protection against COVID-19 associated with natural immunity in 120,000 unvaccinated individuals. Researchers found that those who previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had lower rates of subsequent COVID-19 infections.
Two studies from Ohio State University analyze the impact of proposed abortion bans on access to care, revealing that residents may need to travel up to triple the distance for services. The research highlights the exacerbation of health inequities and the challenges faced by patients with limited financial resources.
Researchers from The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio have identified 33 genes associated with Alzheimer's disease, doubling the known list. This discovery adds 42 new genetic variants to the existing gene list, shedding light on emerging pathways of Alzheimer's biology and potential treatment targets.
Researchers analyzed ancient corn roots to understand the transformation of wild grass teosinte into modern corn. The study found that early corn specimens lacked seminal roots, a key adaptation for drought tolerance, and had different root anatomy than modern corn.
A study published in Current Biology found that consuming non-essential amino acids can curb appetite and encourage physical activity in mice. This mechanism is thought to be rooted in evolutionary history, where eating these amino acids promoted the urge to seek out more nutrient-rich food sources.
A University of Houston program successfully reduces social isolation among seniors by connecting them with UH students in social work and nursing. Weekly telephone interactions establish trust, resulting in a decrease in loneliness and an increase in participants' well-being.
The ESMO Breast Cancer Congress 2022 event will present more than 200 studies on various aspects of breast cancer, including new treatments and innovative clinical practices. The congress will be held onsite in Berlin, Germany, and online, offering a platform for breast cancer specialists to share knowledge and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at TU Darmstadt found that x-rays trigger a calcium signalling cascade in T-cells, stimulating the immune response. This discovery could lead to improved cancer treatment by enhancing the killing effect of ionising radiation on tumour cells.
Researchers have discovered a combination therapy that can delay sarcopenia, a condition where muscles shrink and strength declines with age. Calorie restriction and rapamycin have been shown to have additive benefits in mice, promoting healthy muscle function and physical capability.
Researchers developed micro-sized machines utilizing swarming strategy for cargo delivery, outperforming single robots with efficiency of up to five times. The team created a swarm of cooperating robots that can divide workload and respond to risks, expanding potential uses for microrobots.
A recent study led by Goethe University found no evidence that specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) play a role in inflammation resolution. Instead, the transformation of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages is thought to be the key mechanism. This discovery challenges the existing SPM conce...
A new study found that people with sleep apnea are more likely to engage in risky driving behaviors such as speeding and hard braking. The researchers monitored the driving habits of 96 older adults under real-world conditions and collected data on over 100,000 trips. They also assessed cognitive impairments and molecular signs of earl...
A recent randomized controlled trial found that an online decision aid can help older adults decide whether and when to stop driving. The tool, called Healthwise DDA, had high acceptability and reduced negative feelings about the process among participants. It may help older adults make informed decisions about their driving abilities.
Researchers at Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation have developed a flexible, antibacterial conductive hydrogel-ePatch that accelerates wound healing with minimal side effects. The e-Patch uses silver nanowires and alginate to promote cell proliferation and migration, resulting in faster wound closure and reduced scarring.
Scientists have developed novel methods to study human brain cell migration during fetal development by tracking genetic mutations in healthy adult individuals. This allows for the first time to reconstruct brain development and provide key findings on cell type origins and hemisphere separation.
A new analysis of 23 studies identified factors influencing birth setting decisions in the US, including safety, media influence, and access to options. The study highlights the importance of building a comprehensive system of high-quality perinatal health for equitable access to all birth settings.
Researchers found that somatic mutations accumulated at a faster rate in Alzheimer's disease patients' brain cells, leading to DNA damage and dysfunction. This discovery provides a window into the molecular events of AD pathogenesis, potentially leading to novel treatments targeting these pathways.
Researchers developed a catalyst using graphdiyne and Cu single atoms, achieving high turnover frequencies and selectivity for benzene oxidation to phenol. The unique structure of graphdiyne enables uniform anchoring of Cu single atoms, resulting in improved catalytic performance.
The April issue of GEN Biotechnology features a study analyzing the safety of food and milk from gene-edited livestock, finding no significant differences in growth, health or development. The authors suggest regulatory product composition studies should be hypothesis-driven and risk-based.
The study found that restricting arm motion had a negligible effect on sprint time, with only a 1.6 percent difference from normal arm movement. Runners compensate for restricted arm swing by rotating their torso to maintain a forward-facing orientation.
A new study identified a protein similar to eukaryotic tubulins in Asgard archaea, which may represent an evolutionary intermediate between prokaryotic FtsZ and eukaryotic microtubule-forming tubulins. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of chromosome segregation in eukaryotes.
A global study reveals that protected areas can have a positive impact on biodiversity, but only if managed properly. The research found that larger protected areas tend to be more effective in conserving species and their habitats, highlighting the need for better management strategies.
Researchers at the University of Georgia developed a model to prioritize land conservation in the Upper Chattahoochee Watershed, which provides drinking water to 95 cities. The model considers ecosystem services like water, carbon, and habitat, and favors higher connectivity among parcels of land.
A recent study by Cornell University researchers found that women's earnings drop substantially after childbirth, with the gap widening across all education levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this issue, making it more challenging for mothers to restart their careers and leading to worse hiring prospects and wage penalties.
A University of Arkansas professor is developing learning algorithms for building fair decision models in both offline and online learning settings. He will utilize Pearl's Structural Causal Model to analyze causal effects from observational data and propose universal formulations for measuring long-term fairness.
Former Notre Dame football players from 1964-80 teams found to have higher risk of brain disorders like CTE and ALS compared to general population. However, the study also reveals positive long-term health outcomes in former college players with lower mortality rates and fewer cases of lung cancer and heart disease.
A new study found that following a Mediterranean-style diet can lower the risk of preeclampsia by at least 20% in pregnant women. The research surveyed over 8,000 women and found that racial differences in rates of preeclampsia were more related to socioeconomic factors than genetic or biological ones.
A novel inhibitor has been discovered that stalls a critical enzyme inside tumour cells, locking them in place and preventing invasion into healthy tissue. The findings hold promise for the development of metastasis-blocking agents.
Researchers from Osaka University proposed a comprehensive ethical framework and practical guidance for communicating with research participants through the Internet. The framework addresses issues such as participant recruitment, informed consent, and data protection, aiming to improve future practice in medical research.
A study published in Cancer Medicine suggests that exosomes produced by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can effectively deliver RNA-based anti-cancer treatments to bladder cancer tumors. This novel approach shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent for bladder cancer treatment, offering new hope for patients.
Research in Nature reveals the intrinsic activation mechanism of orphan GPCRs, a family offering new opportunities for cancer drug development. The study uncovers key molecular factors governing receptor activation and function modulation.
Scientists at KAUST have studied charge carrier behavior in perovskite thin films using laser pulses and terahertz radiation. They found that increased density of charge carriers narrows the energy gap for electrons to be excited by light, and charge carriers become more localized at higher densities.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed micro-rocker bots that can move precisely on a solid surface using a single electromagnetic coil. The robots, about the size of a particle of dust, are controlled by a magnetic field generated by the coil and can perform well-controlled movement with selectable direction.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have obtained exquisite views of the androgen receptor using cryo-electron microscopy. The study reveals unique features of the receptor that enable it to turn on a wide range of genes, distinct from other hormone receptors. This newfound understanding provides clues to how androgen...