Articles tagged with Lipids
Researchers deciphered when genes responsible for producing 2-methylhopanes were acquired by certain groups of organisms. They found that these genes were likely present in the last common ancestor of Cyanobacteria over two billion years ago.
Researchers at the University of Houston have discovered that microalgae can be used to sequester carbon dioxide and convert it into mass-produced proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. This process has the potential to transform food production, treat wastewater, and produce sustainable biofuels.
Researchers from Columbia University have validated GLS2's ability to promote ferroptosis in murine models. This study suggests that targeting GLS2 may be a potential therapeutic strategy against liver diseases, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma.
A new blood test has been developed to measure the levels of critical omega-3 fatty acids in the bloodstream, providing a convenient way to assess cardiovascular and cognitive health. The Omega-3 Index (O3I) is derived from two key fatty acids, EPA and DHA, which can be obtained only from certain dietary sources.
Researchers at IISc have developed a novel method to improve pharmacokinetic properties of macrocyclic peptides, which are used in pharmaceutical industries worldwide. By substituting oxygen with sulphur in the backbone of these peptides, they increase resistance to digestive enzymes and lipophilicity, thereby boosting bioavailability.
A new study found three genes strongly linked to vegetarianism, including those involved in lipid metabolism and brain function. The study suggests that genetics play a role in determining whether someone can stick to a strict vegetarian diet.
A genome-wide association study reveals 34 genes potentially involved in choosing a vegetarian diet, including those related to lipid metabolism and brain function. The findings suggest that genetics play a role in the ability to subsist on a vegetarian diet.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered two novel yeast species with high oil-forming potential, which could be used to produce alternative biofuels and reduce CO2 emissions. The study also explores the relationship between climate and microbial ecology in Shiga Prefecture.
Researchers at Aarhus University have unraveled the mystery of how lipid layers on cell surfaces accelerate Parkinson's disease misfolding. The study reveals that elevated concentrations cause alpha-synuclein to adopt an upright conformation, leading to easier refolding into dangerous aggregates.
A team of scientists has developed a method to detect thousands of lipid molecules displayed to T cells in the human immune system. The study reveals rules about lipid size, shape, and chemical content that influence T cell responses.
Researchers analyzed over 800 lipids in participants' blood samples for up to 9 years, finding associations with insulin resistance, viral infections, and aging. Certain lipids, like omega-3 fatty acids, showed age-related changes, while others linked to better health.
Researchers have provided new insights into the role of lipid droplet-localized CETN-SPDL1-L in regulating cone cell lipid droplet localization, crucial for light sensitivity. The study discovered centrin proteins and SPDL1-L collaborate to maintain correct lipid droplet placement.
Researchers developed a noninvasive technique to visualize and differentiate nerve tissue using multispectral photoacoustic imaging. The study revealed the optimal wavelengths for identifying nerve tissue, which could improve nerve detection and segmentation techniques.
Researchers found that optimized statin therapy can significantly reduce mortality and cardiovascular events in US military veterans with coronary artery disease. Widespread use of ezetimibe alongside statins may lead to additional reductions in cardiovascular risk.
Scientists have discovered that small fat-filled lipid droplets can indent and puncture a cell's nucleus, leading to elevated DNA damage. This finding has significant implications for various diseases, including cancer.
Researchers investigate how exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in plastics may increase atherosclerosis and CVD risk, particularly in children. The study aims to establish a novel therapeutic target for chemical-induced CVD and explore gene-EDC interactions.
Researchers from Anglia Ruskin University have successfully grown retinal pigment epithelial cells on a nanofibre scaffold treated with fluocinolone acetonide, showing increased resilience and growth. This breakthrough technology has great potential for developing ocular tissue transplantation to treat age-related macular degeneration.
Researchers from Singapore have identified a potential dietary supplement that may improve recovery following acute kidney injury (AKI). LPC-DHA has been shown to restore the structure of damaged S3 proximal tubules and reduce inflammation in preclinical models.
The USPSTF recommends against routine screening for lipid disorders in children and adolescents under 20 years old, citing insufficient evidence. This recommendation is consistent with its 2016 guidelines for preventive care services.
Researchers have discovered a way to identify pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia by examining lipids in their blood during pregnancy. The approach worked regardless of whether the women were on aspirin therapy, and could predict the risk of preeclampsia with significant accuracy.
A new study by Rice University bioscientists reveals how plant cells collaborate to fuel growth, shedding light on corresponding mechanisms in human cells. The findings focus on the role of enzyme MIEL1 and its human counterpart PIRH2 in breaking down protein coatings on lipid droplets.
A new review paper suggests ACSL4 status as a biomarker for breast cancer subtype classification and predictor of response to hormone-based therapies. The enzyme may also serve as a target for developing new treatment modalities in quadruple negative breast cancer.
A German federal funding program will support a five-year research collaboration to develop specialty lipids and auxiliaries for mRNA vaccines. The project aims to enhance production capacities and improve the resilience of supply chains for future mRNA therapeutics.
A new study found that elevated Lipoprotein(a) levels are a significant predictor of recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) in people over 60. The study suggests current cholesterol-lowering medications may not be effective in reducing the risk of recurrent CHD, highlighting the need for novel therapeutics to target elevated Lp(a).
Researchers developed a new method, photoacoustic spectral analysis (PASA), to analyze the tumor microenvironment without invasive procedures. The technique uses laser light and sound waves to identify different types of tumors with high accuracy.
International researchers have identified nutrient-rich black rice varieties with improved agronomic traits, including shorter stem length and early maturity. These findings provide important resources for crop bioengineers to improve pigmented rice for human health and sustainable agriculture.
Cancer cells in brain tumors produce lipids at higher rates than surrounding healthy tissue, offering clues for treatment strategies. The study provides insights into the unique biochemical processes fueling cancer growth in the brain.
Researchers have identified opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) as a promising new target for enhancing lipid oxidation. Studies in rodents and human subjects suggest that OGFr boosts lipid metabolism, improving thermogenesis and reducing the risk of obesity-related diseases.
A recent study led by UCLA researchers has identified a potential new strategy for treating glioblastoma by targeting a specific metabolic process in cancer cells. The study found that disrupting this process could make glioblastoma cells more vulnerable to cell death, offering hope for new treatment options.
Researchers found that high-fat diets increase levels of gut-derived bacterial toxins and systemic inflammation, promoting atherosclerosis. The study suggests targeting interventions for individuals at risk of developing heart disease.
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School have identified a special transporter protein that regulates the formation of myelin sheaths in the brain, which protect nerves from damage. The study suggests that omega-3 fatty acid lipids play a crucial role in directing oligodendrocyte development, a process critical for brain myelination.
This study examined the effects of deferoxamine and ferrostatin-1 on salivary gland dysfunction in ovariectomized rats. The researchers found that these compounds reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and improved salivary gland function, suggesting potential treatments for postmenopausal xerostomia.
The study analyzed the growth and productivity of Botryococcus terribilis under different cultivation systems. Stress increased the production of lipids and hydrocarbons by 49% and 29%, respectively, while proteins decreased. The microalgae's metabolites have potential applications in biofuel synthesis, cosmetics, and food.
Researchers have developed a novel insulin formulation that can be switched on by glucose, offering improved regulation of blood sugar levels in patients with type 1 diabetes. The new formulation uses biocompatible lipid nanoparticles and achieves precise control of insulin release in response to fluctuations in blood sugar.
Researchers at UMass Amherst microbiologists have identified an enzyme involved in TB pathogen's survival and growth. The discovery offers a potential target for drug therapies for the deadly disease, which has few effective treatments and caused over 1.6 million deaths worldwide in 2021.
This technology uses light and sound to create images of the inside of the body. The research team developed a novel method that eliminates the need for ultrasonic transducers, allowing for non-contact photoacoustic signal detection and improved sensitivity. The technique has great application potential in various biomedical research.
A team of researchers at Tohoku University has uncovered the biological mechanisms of ferroptosis, a type of cell death triggered by iron and lipid peroxidation. The study reveals that lipid peroxides accumulate at the plasma membrane, leading to increased tension and permeability to cations.
Researchers at Tufts University have successfully produced bulk fat tissue in a lab that has a similar texture and makeup to natural animal fat. The aggregated fat cells can be fine-tuned to resemble real-life fat within meat, offering a key step towards mass production of cultured meat.
Researchers have developed a new type of nanoparticle that can efficiently deliver CRISPR/Cas9 components to the lungs, allowing for targeted gene editing. In mice studies, the particles delivered mRNA to up to 60% of lung epithelial cells, offering a promising approach to treating genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
Researchers discovered that lipid deposition on medical implant surfaces can signal to the immune system whether to attack or ignore the implant. This knowledge could help develop biomaterials that deflect host immune aggression, reducing malfunction rates for devices like pacemakers and surgical mesh.
Scientists at the University of Missouri have developed a novel method to detect food adulteration using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The technique can identify vegetable oil adulterants in hard cheese products with high accuracy, leading to improved consumer safety and product authenticity.
A study by researchers at TUM found that gut bacteria play a crucial role in liver regeneration. The microbiome produces short-chain fatty acids, which are essential for liver cell growth and division. In mice treated with antibiotics, liver regeneration was delayed or not possible, but a
Gene therapy using CRISPR-Cas9 lipid nanoparticles has been shown to be highly effective in reducing target protein expression in mice. The new delivery system increases the efficiency of in vivo gene therapy, paving the way for safe and effective treatment.
Researchers created human organoid models of fatty liver disease to shed light on drug responses and disease biology. The models identified a common mechanism for effective drugs that block lipid generation from sugars, suggesting personalized medicine applications.
A recent UBC study has found that southern resident killer whales require high-energy prey to survive, with spring-run Chinook salmon being the most suitable. The study's findings have significant implications for managing both species and mitigating the decline of this critically endangered population.
Scientists at the University of Illinois Chicago have found a way to selectively degrade disease-causing proteins in specific parts of cells. By studying the movement of enzymes inside cells, they discovered that attaching or detaching a fat molecule can direct where these enzymes go.
A study published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry found that a fish oil derivative called DHEA can reduce inflammation and disease severity in mice with multiple sclerosis. By supplementing the diet of mice with DHEA, researchers noticed a decrease in MS-like disease symptoms and an improvement in the immune system's response.
Researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine found that p97 protein mutations can cause organelle miscommunication, leading to the accumulation of molecules on mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts. This miscommunication can modulate membrane rigidity and impact interorganelle interactions.
A recent study published in BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine suggests that golf may be just as healthy or even healthier than Nordic walking for older adults. The research compared the acute effects of three aerobic exercises: an 18-hole round of golf, 6km of Nordic walking, and a 6km walk. The results showed that all three types of ...
A new study led by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers reveals that an investigational drug called YTX-7739 can delay the growth of brain tumors and increase their sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy. The drug works by inhibiting de novo lipid synthesis, a process used by cancer cells for energy production.
A new approach to gene therapy for inherited blindness uses lipid nanoparticles to deliver mRNA inside the eye, targeting light-sensitive cells and creating proteins that edit vision-harming gene mutations. The technology has shown promising results in animal studies, including mice and nonhuman primates.
A common fatty acid found in the Western diet contributes to increased temperature and pain sensitivity in psoriatic lesions. The findings could lead to improved pain treatments for psoriasis patients.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that regulating the electrical charge on the inner side of the cell membrane can activate pathways responsible for cell movement. This finding has potential implications for understanding cancer cell migration and immune cell function.
A new analytical method has been developed to map climatic and environmental processes at high temporal resolution, revealing an abrupt intensification of seasonality in the tropical ocean during the last period of global climate change. This provides evidence of how global climate changes affect local, seasonal temperature variations.
A study suggests that visceral fat cells, rather than subcutaneous fat cells, are more susceptible to infection by the COVID-19 virus. This increased susceptibility leads to a higher viral load and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can exacerbate severe disease.
Researchers used mass spectrometry to analyze complex biological samples, including Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge and Astragali Radix. The studies identified metabolites and compounds with immunoregulatory effects, highlighting the potential for new drugs and improving plant quality.
Researchers developed a new method to target and treat visceral adiposity using positively charged P-G3 nanomaterials, which inhibit unhealthy lipid storage in enlarged fat cells. This approach also rejuvenates healthy fat cells, promoting metabolically healthy fat cell formation.
A study found that ocean warming and acidification decrease the nutritional quality of coccolithophores, a crucial food source for zooplankton species. The study's experiment showed an increase in lipid availability under ocean warming but reduced nutritional content under acidification.
Researchers explore the interactions between adipose tissues and surrounding blood vessels in connection with lipid metabolism and associated diseases. Targeting angiogenesis may provide a gateway for treating obesity, while its inhibition or promotion depends on the specific disease context.
A recent study from the University of Eastern Finland found that genetic background has an effect on the metabolism of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid. The study showed that the FADS1 genotype modifies the responses to diets rich in alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid.