Articles tagged with Lipids
New lipid residue analyses reveal a dominance of animal products in ancient ceramic vessels from rural and urban settlements of the Indus Civilisation. The study identifies a predominance of non-ruminant animal fats, contradicting previous assumptions about the region's diet.
A randomized trial investigated carboxylic acid formulation of EPA and DHA, reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. The study found omega-3 CA to be more effective than corn oil in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
A study of 444 patients in Sweden found that prescription physical activity improved weight, blood pressure, and quality of life, particularly among those with low initial activity levels. Continuous support and individualized treatment were crucial for maintaining gains over two years.
Scientists found that lipid droplets are not only used as an energy source but also act as a weapon against bacterial invaders. These fatty droplets can be used to target and kill bacteria, providing a new way to fight infection.
Researchers designed hydrogels with self-renewing, lipid-based boundary layers, reducing friction by a near 100-fold. The approach maintains lubricity after drying and rehydration, opening potential applications in tissue engineering and biosensor development.
Researchers found that mammalian lipid droplets play a crucial role in organizing and supporting intracellular immune responses against microbial pathogens. The structures help drive metabolic shifts within cells toward an environment more conducive to host defense.
Researchers at Flinders University have developed a novel protocol to detect lipid production in microalgae, enabling the mass production of omega-3 fatty acids and other healthy compounds. The technique improves on traditional fluorescent probes, allowing for easy and rapid evaluation of lipid conditions within microalgae.
The study found that lipid-rich plaques detected by NIRS imaging are associated with adverse outcomes and can be used as a prognostic index for vulnerable plaques. High-risk plaques were identified in patients with recent myocardial infarction, and their presence was linked to increased risk of future cardiac events.
Researchers at Université catholique de Louvain have discovered a link between the brain and intestinal bacteria that plays a crucial role in regulating sugar levels in the blood. The study found that a particular lipid acts on the gut 'second brain' to restore communication and reduce diabetes risk.
A new study on chimpanzees shows that a plant-based diet and substantial opportunities for exercise can reduce cardiovascular disease risk to human levels. Free-ranging chimpanzees in sanctuaries exhibit lower body weight and lipid levels, indicative of better health.
Researchers at MIT and the University of Alcalá in Spain discovered evidence of hot springs near early human archaeological sites in Olduvai Gorge. The proximity of these hydrothermal features raises the possibility that early humans could have used hot springs as a cooking resource, boiling fresh kills before controlling fire.
Researchers have found pro-inflammatory lipids that precede Type 1 diabetes onset in a mouse model and high-risk children. The findings suggest that these lipids may serve as biomarkers for the disease and offer a therapeutic target to prevent its development.
A year-long cooking experiment found that charred remains, inner surface residues, and lipids absorbed within the ceramic walls record cooking events across different time scales. This provides insights into ancient culinary practices, resource usage, and vessel lifespan.
Researchers developed a new microscopy technique to visualize NAFLD progression in real-time, capturing details of lipid accumulation and immune cell behavior. The approach provides a highly useful research tool for identifying key parameters contributing to the disease.
Researchers discover a novel mechanism of structural color in Viburnum tinus fruits, using lipid nanostructures to reflect blue light. The striking blue color may also serve as a signal to birds indicating the fruit's nutritional value.
Researchers found that Viburnum tinus plants' blue fruits owe their color to fat in their cellular structure, a first in nature. The combination of bright blue color and high nutritional content makes the fruits an irresistible treat for birds.
Researchers at Nagoya University have found the mechanism of the night-to-day transition of the circadian rhythm in green algae. By controlling the activity of ROC75, they can wake up green algae and enhance their photosynthetic activities to produce larger amounts of lipids.
Researchers at UPV/EHU University of the Basque Country discover osteopontin's protective role in preventing early onset of metabolic fatty liver disease. Maintaining physiological levels of osteopontin is essential to delay disease progression during ageing.
A new study published in Redox Biology shows that the drug CMS121 successfully reversed memory loss in a mouse model of inherited Alzheimer's disease. The drug works by normalizing lipid peroxidation and lowering levels of fatty acid synthetase, suggesting FASN as a potential target for treating Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered new channels enabling lipid transport between the malaria parasite and red blood cells, raising possibility of nutrient-blocking treatments. The study found Niemann-Pick C1-related protein (PfNCR1) channels made of PfNCR1.
Researchers Rebecca Lybrand and her team studied the interaction between ground-nesting bees and soils in agricultural settings. They found that active nesting sites were present in locations with little to no rock cover and low vegetation, which may provide a suitable habitat for these pollinators.
A new study from Binghamton University connects lipids and bacteria to aid in understanding eczema. Researchers found that decreased levels of ceramides can allow Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to penetrate the skin barrier, leading to inflammation and infection. Further research is needed to unlock the secrets of atopic dermatitis.
Researchers found that parenteral oil infusions can prevent cholestasis and restore bile flow in preterm piglets, accompanied by changes in gut bile acids and the gut microbiome. The study provides new insights into the mechanism of lipid emulsions and their impact on liver health.
Researchers find ozone sterilization method effective in killing COVID-19 virus, as well as other viruses like poliovirus and rotavirus. Ozone-based sanitizers like SoClean can be used to sterilize masks for reuse.
Researchers at the Beckman Institute developed a new technique to quantify lipids in rat brain tissue, providing more information than previous methods. The technique allows for the localization and amount of ceramides to be determined, which are important in learning and memory.
Researchers at the University of Bonn discovered that gamma-secretase, a protein shredder, indirectly regulates fat metabolism in brain cells. This process can lead to adiposis, disrupting cellular functions, while also having potential benefits against cancer by inhibiting tumor cell division.
A groundbreaking tool, LipidCreator, has been developed to efficiently analyze specific lipid groups and signal molecules, accelerating the discovery of biomarkers for diseases. This software enables scientists to quantify 60 lipid classes and their signaling molecules in larger studies than previously possible.
Inhibiting sphingolipid metabolism in neurons improves neurodegeneration symptoms and increases survival in a mouse model, according to new research. The findings suggest that compromised sphingolipid metabolism in GARP mutations may be a potential cause of neurodegeneration.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered a lipid gradient in tears that helps form and maintain the tear film's inner liquid layer and outer lipid layer. This finding could lead to new treatments for dry eye disease by targeting the lipid layer.
Researchers found that hydroxyl radicals have a surprising partner in crime - Criegee intermediate. This new pathway could help explain age-related diseases and cancer, as well as how food decomposes over time. The study points to an unexpected link between atmospheric chemistry and our bodies' ability to ward off disease.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that reduced stress is associated with changes in the plasma lipid profile, including lower levels of certain lysophosphatidylcholines and higher levels of plasmalogens. This suggests a potential molecular mechanism linking psychological well-being to metabolic health.
A recent study found that the monkeyface prickleback, a unique fish species, has an efficient digestive system capable of breaking down plant material. This discovery holds promise for developing new, sustainable sources of protein for human consumption and could be an important alternative to traditional livestock farming.
Researchers at EPFL discovered that fruit flies remove and excrete damage-causing lipids, preventing lipid peroxidation and ROS-induced inflammatory oxidized lipids. This mechanism may play an important role in other insects and even animals, helping to protect against oxidative stress damage.
Five UMass Amherst Ph.D. students have received AOCS student awards for their work in functional foods, bioavailability of nutrients and nanotechnology applications in food science. Their research has been recognized as innovative and creative, reflecting the caliber of the university's food science program.
Hokkaido University scientists have discovered the missing link in a rare hereditary disease that impairs the skin's barrier function. They found that fatty acid transporter member 4 (FATP4) plays a critical role in synthesizing acylceramides, key skin lipids that prevent water loss and protect against pathogens.
Researchers have developed a method to link fingerprint compounds with their age, allowing for more precise timing of prints. By analyzing triacylglycerol degradation rates, scientists can estimate the time elapsed since fingerprints were left behind.
Yale researchers identify O-GlcNAc transferase enzyme as key regulator of fat droplet doorman, which controls cellular access for nutrients and lipids. Mice lacking the enzyme exhibit reduced fat cell size and improved lipid burning, while overexpression triggers obesity by increasing carbohydrate intake.
Patients with type 1 diabetes and high lipoprotein(a) levels have a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease and calcified aortic valve disease. High blood glucose levels are also associated with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels in this patient group.
Researchers developed a wearable light sensor concept to measure exposure to different light spectrums, filling a gap in current technology. The Spectrace sensor aims to improve our understanding of the physiological effects of light on our bodies, particularly in relation to circadian rhythms and health.
Researchers at Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg have developed new DNA transporters using artificial fats, offering a promising alternative to modified viruses. The lipids can encapsulate nucleic acids, protect them from degradation, and introduce them into cells efficiently.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that deleting Elovl6 specifically in liver cells protects mice from developing insulin resistance due to excessive sugar consumption. However, this deletion has no effect when combined with a high-fat diet, highlighting the complexity of lipid metabolism in the liver.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology have created a new method to introduce lipids into proteins, simplifying the process previously employed in medical research. This breakthrough uses a noble metal catalyst and ligand combination to achieve rapid lipidation of cysteine-containing peptides and proteins.
Researchers at Université de Genève and University of Lyon identified deoxydihydroceramide as the molecule causing tissue necrosis. Inhibiting its synthesis reduced tissue damage by 30% in mice, suggesting a new model for treating heart attacks and strokes.
Scientists develop a new method to track lipid metabolism in the body, allowing for clearer distinction between marked and unmarked lipids. This breakthrough enables researchers to examine both normal and pathological deviations in detail, with potential applications for investigating drug side effects on fat metabolism.
A European research team has developed a method to track the HI virus's spread between living cells using superresolution STED fluorescence microscopy. The study reveals that the HIV pathogen creates a specific lipid environment for replication, providing a potential target for antiviral drugs.
MIT researchers have developed a delivery system that makes RNA vaccines more powerful, triggering efficient protein production and boosting immune response. The nanoparticles also activate an immune signaling pathway, provoking T cells to attack cancer cells and infectious agents.
Researchers have discovered that a lipid produced by brown adipose tissue, called 12-HEPE, helps reduce blood sugar levels in obese mice. The study found that 12-HEPE promotes glucose uptake into both skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue, leading to improved glucose tolerance.
A study published in the Journal of Lipid Research found that just a few days of sleep deprivation can affect how the body metabolizes fat from food. The researchers gave participants a high-fat dinner while they were sleep-restricted, and found that their bodies cleared the fat faster than those who had plenty of sleep.
A new study at Karolinska Institutet found that lipid turnover in fat tissue decreases with age, making it easier to gain weight despite reduced caloric intake or exercise. The study showed that individuals who maintained higher lipid turnover rates after bariatric surgery were more likely to keep the weight off.
Twelve scientists have been recognized by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology for their significant contributions to biochemistry, molecular biology, and education. The award winners include Paul Black, Manajit Hayer-Hartl, Jean Schaffer, Edward Dennis, Yang Zhang, David Pagliarini, Kevin Campbell, among others.
A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial found no significant benefit of intensive lipid treatment with simvastatin and ezetimibe compared to simvastatin alone in older patients after acute coronary syndrome. The study suggests that age may be an important factor in determining the effectiveness of lipid-lowering therapies.
Research at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute's Janelia Research Campus discovered that astrocytes collect and recycle toxic molecules from overactive neurons, protecting them from damage. This mechanism, previously unknown, could be related to Alzheimer's disease and is an important role for astrocytes beyond their support of neurons.
Researchers have identified an anti-inflammatory fat in a soil-dwelling bacterium that may be responsible for quelling stress-related disorders. The discovery brings the researchers one step closer to developing a microbe-based 'stress vaccine'.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine have discovered a previously unknown role of Serum Amyloid A (SAA) in rapidly removing lipid debris from damaged cells. This process is crucial for tissue healing and survival during acute events such as injury, infection, or inflammation.
A new study from The Westmead Institute for Medical Research has found that Cryptococcus neoformans remodels lipids to release phosphate when phosphate is scarce. This strategy allows the fungus to conserve phosphate and survive in humans, a key finding with potential implications for treatment.
Research at Children's National Hospital found that early lipid intake significantly increases global brain volume and boosts regional brain activity in micro-preemies. This is particularly important for preterm infants who are vulnerable to growth failure and neurocognitive impairment after birth.
Researchers discovered that CG9186 protein restricts hormonal signalling pathways, including insulin pathway, affecting Drosophila growth. The study suggests a link between the protein's absence and altered growth rates in larvae.
Researchers at UMaine have discovered a connection between an influenza virus surface protein and a host cell lipid, which could lead to new antiviral therapies. The study found that the protein hemagglutinin interacts with the host cell lipid PIP2, potentially allowing for targeted treatments despite frequent viral mutations.
Researchers at the University of Utah have developed a rapid and efficient method to extract lipids from algae, making it a more viable alternative fuel source. The new process uses a specially-designed jet mixer that extracts the lipids with much less energy than current methods.
Researchers analyzed blood samples from Ebola patients in Sierra Leone to understand the progression of the disease and potential treatments. The study identified a critical role for choline and microvesicles in the virus's progression, with survivors showing higher levels of phosphatidylcholines and healthy individuals having lower PS...