Researchers at EPFL have developed a new way to implement parallel FMCW LiDAR by using integrated nonlinear photonic circuitry. The technology enables up to 30 independent FMCW LiDAR channels, improving acquisition rates tenfold for autonomous vehicle applications.
Researchers found that pingers significantly reduced harbour porpoise detection, with a 37% decrease near active devices, while having no impact on long-term use or feeding grounds. The study suggests an effective solution to reduce bycatch in gill-net fisheries.
The study reveals 10 major hormone types and their interactions, shedding light on how enteroendocrine cells sense food and regulate hunger and satiety. The discovery offers new avenues for treating diseases like type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Researchers with the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group presented new findings on breast cancer treatment trials, including TAILORx and NCI-MATCH. The studies found that women under 40 are at risk for early discontinuation of hormone therapy, and insurance status plays a key role in adherence to adjuvant hormone therapy.
Gen3Bio Inc., a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has developed proprietary technology to transform waste algae into specialty chemicals. The company has received $20,000 in investments through the Elevate Nexus Regional Pre-Seed competition and a $20,000 pilot plant grant from The Water Council.
Researchers stress importance of detecting neutralizing antibodies in recovered patients. Studies on animal models inform vaccine design to prevent severe disease and death. Professor Subbarao draws parallels between SARS and COVID-19 viruses.
A recent study found that companies with worker injury claims are more likely to survive than those without claims, particularly among larger and older organizations. This suggests that current regulations may not be enough to protect workers and that future regulations need to reward innovation in workplace safety.
A rapid review of contemporary epidemic research found an increase in psychosis prevalence due to COVID-19 linked to viral exposure, pre-existing vulnerability, and psychosocial stress. People with psychosis may pose a significant challenge for clinical teams and potentially transmit the virus.
A study of de-identified hospital records and surveillance data found 4.4% of France's population was infected with SARS-CoV-2 by May 11. The authors suggest this level of immunity is insufficient for controlling a second wave, highlighting the need for continued control measures.
A new study from the University of Hawaii at Manoa found that strong relationships are key to influencing physical activity in older adults. Participants with higher educational attainment and a strong relationship with others were more likely to meet physical activity guidelines.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics investigates the effectiveness of school closure as a preventive measure against COVID-19. The researchers found that school closure had a moderate impact on reducing transmission and hospitalization rates.
A study analyzing data from the Rhode Island Consortium for Autism Research and Treatment found that only 3% of individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder reported having fully received clinical genetic tests recommended by medical professional societies. The study reveals a dissonance between professional recommendations and ...
A research team found that PTPδ is crucial for synaptic development and sleep behavior in mice. Genetic deletion of PTPδ leads to disruptions in brain structure, function, and behavior, resulting in hyper-locomotor activity, increased anxiety, and decreased sleep.
Blood biomarkers like CRP and procalcitonin may help identify most severe outcomes in children with community-acquired pneumonia, but do not predict overall severity. The study's findings highlight the need for more research to validate prognostic tools for pediatric pneumonia.
Researchers used 'Lettere Patenti' documents to calculate intensities for a 1703 earthquake sequence in central Italy, revealing that the main earthquakes were likely intensity V or VI. The study provides a more realistic view of the earthquakes' impact than historical reports, shedding new light on seismic intensity assessment.
A Cornell University research team, led by plant biologist Michael Scanlon, has received a five-year $1.8 million grant from the National Science Foundation to study maize stem cell development and organ formation.
A study by Ohio State University found that job skills training significantly reduced the use of illicit drugs like cocaine and heroin in low-income youth. After 16 years, only 2.8% of those who received job skills training used these drugs, compared to 5.2% of those who received basic services.
A randomized noninferiority clinical trial found that internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for health anxiety had similar effects to traditional face-to-face treatment. The study involved 204 adults with health anxiety and showed that online therapy was effective despite limited therapist-patient interaction.
Scientists developed a computational pipeline to screen drugs for induced arrhythmias, distinguishing between proarrhythmic agents and safe ones. The pipeline uses multi-scale computer simulation data to predict proarrhythmia vulnerability, enabling the identification of potentially toxic compounds.
A team of researchers discovered the genome sequence of catmint, revealing unique enzymes responsible for producing the cat attractant nepetalactone. The ability to produce iridoids had been lost in ancestors of catmint, but was later re-evolved in this species.
Researchers at McMaster University have established a strong association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease. The study found a nine-fold increased risk of IBD in patients with a previous diagnosis of celiac disease, highlighting the importance of proper screening and treatment for both conditions.
A new study by an international team of astrophysicists has discovered a subset of delta Scuti stars with simpler and more understandable pulsation spectra. This breakthrough could provide valuable insights into the internal structures of these stars, which have long been challenging to study due to their random spectra.
A case series describes the treatment and outcomes of heart transplant recipients infected with COVID-19 in New York City. The study reveals varying characteristics among patients, highlighting the need for individualized care.
Researchers have identified a novel plant-animal class of cell division disruptors, including the 17K protein from cereal-infecting viruses. The discovery reveals that these proteins can inhibit host cell growth by disrupting cell division, making them potential targets for controlling viral diseases in humans and crop plants.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Princeton University have discovered the 3D structure and mode of action of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase-1 (DGAT1), a key enzyme in triglyceride synthesis and fat absorption. This finding opens opportunities for designing novel strategies to manage obesity and other metabolic diseases.
Typhoon Vongfong, also known as Typhoon Ambo, is strengthening to a typhoon strength in the Philippines. NASA's Terra satellite detected powerful storms with cold cloud top temperatures, indicating strong rainfall potential.
A recent study found that excessive coffee consumption can increase the risk of osteoarthritis, arthropathy, and obesity. The research analyzed data from over 300,000 participants and used a genetic approach to establish true effects on various diseases.
Erick C. Jones, a renowned researcher at the University of Texas at Arlington, has been recognized as a Fellow of the Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE). He is internationally recognized for his pioneering work on radio-frequency identification technologies, Lean Six Sigma Quality Management, and autonomous inventory ...
Japanese researchers have successfully developed an asymmetric iodoesterification catalyst, combining four chemical bonds to coordinate the formation of one catalyst. This breakthrough enables the industrial-scale production of optically active esters with high efficiency and precision.
A recent study by Anglia Ruskin University found that women who drink two or three cups of coffee per day have significantly lower total body and abdominal fat compared to those who drink less. The study suggests that compounds in coffee may have anti-obesity properties, potentially making it a useful addition to a healthy diet strategy.
A study published in Gastroenterology identified a genetic defect in the calcium channel TRPV6 as a cause of early-onset chronic pancreatitis. The researchers found that the absence of this gene led to inflammation and fibrotic changes in the pancreas, paving the way for new therapeutic interventions.
A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine used machine learning to track surges in interest in COVID-19 topics on Reddit. The analysis showed that areas of interest ebbed and flowed, with hand-washing and mask-wearing being discussed before official guidelines were issued.
Researchers identified a new gut-brain connection in ALS, finding that altering the gut microbiome can prevent or improve disease symptoms in mice with a common genetic mutation. The study suggests that the gut microbiome may influence disease severity and could be a target for therapy.
Researchers used AI to speed up the search for a key material in a new catalyst that converts carbon dioxide into ethylene with record efficiency. The resulting electrocatalyst has an 80% faradaic efficiency, a new record for this reaction, and shows promise for clean energy storage and carbon capture.
Researchers used TESS data to detect regular patterns in delta Scuti star pulsations, allowing them to understand the internal structure of massive nuclear furnaces. The findings provide a window into the past, enabling scientists to study how stars and their planets form and change over time.
The American College of Cardiology and global partners will host a Week of Action from May 18 to 24 to raise awareness about non-communicable diseases. The event celebrates the launch of the ACC's NCD Academy, which provides free mobile app-based training for primary care providers.
Research reveals bedrock composition limits vegetation productivity in Southwest China's karst region, influencing soil formation and water retention. The study provides a crucial tool for optimising land use and assessing ecosystem resilience to climate change.
Scientists at Trinity College Dublin have discovered that the iron chelator DFX supports lung immunity against tuberculosis by driving the activation of glycolysis, a key metabolic pathway. This process helps immune cells make energy to fight infection and improves macrophages' ability to address TB infection.
Hardships faced by low-income children during the COVID-19 pandemic led to calls for improved education systems. The article suggests reforms to better support vulnerable populations in the future.
Researchers found that LACTIN-V, a product containing healthy vaginal bacteria, significantly reduced the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) in women. The study also suggests that LACTIN-V may have the potential to prevent HIV infection and preterm birth.
A study by ISGlobal reveals that gene expression in peripheral blood cells can predict vaccine-induced protection against malaria. Boosting the immune system before vaccination may improve vaccine efficacy.
Researchers will study how COVID-19 affects college students' stress levels and ability to learn remotely, using computer vision algorithms and physiological signals. The project aims to shed light on the short- and long-term effects of the pandemic on students' academic outcomes and emotional well-being.
Researchers successfully image atomic nuclei in three materials using a new microscopy type called ANXRI, which combines aberration-corrected STEM and EDS. The accuracy of ANXRI reaches 1 pm, allowing for adjustable individual imaged sizes of atomic nuclei.
Researchers at IST Austria found that actin flows from front to tail, driving cell movement, and can couple with environment without integrins, enabling flexible crawling through tissues. This 'off-road' mode of locomotion allows cells to migrate efficiently in various environments.
A study from Italy reported a significant increase in cases of rare Kawasaki-like disease in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that 10 patients presented with symptoms similar to Kawasaki Disease, with more severe symptoms and heart complications compared to previous cases.
A recent study by MSK Kids researchers found that pediatric cancer patients do not have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection or morbidity. In fact, only 95% of children with cancer infected with COVID-19 had mild symptoms and did not require hospitalization.
Researchers developed MusVis to measure interaction differences in children with and without dyslexia, using language-independent content and machine learning. The tool aims to detect dyslexia before language skills development and reduce school failures.
A recent study by Corteva Agriscience and universities across the US has determined the optimal seeding rate for soybean growers, providing help to reduce risk and optimize yield potential. The research found that farmers should increase seeding rates in areas of lower productivity and reduce them in areas of higher productivity.
A large-scale California study found that drinking one or more sugary beverages daily increases the likelihood of cardiovascular disease in women. The research also revealed significant differences in cardiovascular risk based on the type of sugary drink consumed.
Researchers created a brain-sparing amphetamine, PEGyAMPH, that avoids cardiovascular side effects and addictive properties. It stimulates lipolysis and thermogenesis to promote fat breakdown and weight loss.
Researchers fabricate crystal that flips back and forth in response to lighting conditions, enabling complex task prosecution. The discovery sheds light on the arrangement of azobenzene molecules within the crystal, which plays a crucial role in initiating the periodic behavior.
Researchers at CeMM have identified a new key element, TASL, responsible for sorting out pathogen challenges and modulating inflammatory responses. The discovery highlights potential new targets for treating autoimmune diseases and overreaction to infections.
Researchers found that tiny RNAs that target the SARS-CoV-2 virus are associated with over 72 biological processes and decline with age and underlying medical conditions. The study suggests that replenishing these microRNAs could help restore immunity against the virus.
The Pofatu Database provides a comprehensive compilation of geochemical analyses and contextual information for archaeological sources and artefacts. It enables researchers to reconstruct ancient strategies of raw material and artefact procurement, facilitating comparability and reproducibility in provenance studies.
Researchers at TU Dresden discovered that pictures and gestures improve children's memory of English vocabulary, even six months after learning. This finding challenges the assumption that sensorimotor enrichment is more beneficial for kids than sensory-only enrichment.
Researchers developed prediction tools to identify patients at risk of delayed post-operative radiotherapy, which can improve survival rates. The nomograms consider individualized risk factors and stage 4 cancer as key variables associated with delays.
A team at UMass Amherst has developed a highly sensitive chemical sensor using protein nanowires, which can detect ammonia in the air with high accuracy. The sensors are biodegradable, low-cost, and produced sustainably by bacteria, offering a promising solution for agriculture, environment, and biomedicine applications.
A new study by Princeton researcher Britt Adamson and colleagues enables direct capture of sgRNA sequences during scRNA-seq, allowing for easier tracking of multiple sgRNAs in individual cells. This breakthrough facilitates the expansion of Perturb-seq experiments to larger scales and with combinatorial perturbations.
A new study reveals that the Late Cretaceous reptile Priosphenodon had a unique type of tooth enamel, similar to that of mammals, which provided it with resilience against tooth wear. The researchers found that the enamel crystals in Priosphenodon were 'woven' into long threads called enamel prisms, a characteristic also found in mammals.
A NTU Singapore study reveals that physically present spouses show higher similarities in brain responses to infant stimuli, suggesting greater emotional attunement. The study suggests that co-parenting couples benefit from spending time together while caring for their children.