A new study suggests that a modified form of the opioid medication buprenorphine, known as BU10119, may help curb cocaine relapse with improved effectiveness and lower abuse potential. The research was conducted using mouse models and found modest improvements in preventing cocaine relapse while minimizing addiction risk.
Researchers found that lixisenatide significantly reduced neuroinflammation in the retina and optic nerve head of mice with early type 2 diabetes. The study suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing visual deterioration in diabetic retinopathy before its clinical manifestation.
Researchers have identified 284 open reading frames in the herpes simplex virus 1 genome, allowing for more precise study of individual genes. This breakthrough has implications for immunological therapies, such as oncolytic viruses used to treat certain tumor diseases.
Researchers discovered a novel mode of protein degradation by the UPS under hyperosmotic stress. The proteasome forms nuclear foci that exhibit liquid-like behavior and contain ubiquitylated substrates, facilitating protein degradation. RAD23B is identified as a key molecule that induces phase separation of ubiquitylated proteins.
A nanomedicine expert proposes a cancer care model for managing COVID-19, focusing on early detection, regular monitoring, and targeted treatment. This approach could improve patient outcomes by providing systematic management of the pandemic.
A new study presents a promising treatment for indigestion using an earbud-like device that stimulates the vagus nerve. The research found that the device helped participants' stomachs expand to accommodate meals and empty more quickly, suggesting potential relief from symptoms of functional dyspepsia.
A study published in eNeuro found that gut microbes significantly impact the brain's response to opioids in rats, altering the pattern of neuron recruitment during addiction and withdrawal. This discovery may lead to new prevention and treatment strategies for drug abuse.
Researchers have demonstrated a new metasurface laser that produces 'super-chiral light' with ultra-high angular momentum, enabling control over optical communications and applications in industries like food, computer, and biomedical. The laser design allows for high power operation in a compact design.
Researchers found that high-fat diets caused impaired cognitive function in obese rats, affecting their mental exhaustion. The study, published in The FASEB Journal, suggests a link between excess weight and compromised cognitive abilities.
New research provides molecular-level insights into how Zika virus spreads through sexual contact by infecting vaginal epithelial cells. The study identified the virus's likely entry point as a protein called tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO, which promotes viral entry and replication.
Researchers at UC San Diego Health found that olfactory impairment suggests a milder clinical course in COVID-19. Patients who displayed no or mild symptoms were less likely to require hospitalization.
A new study by NC State University found that earlier high school start times are associated with higher rates of tardiness and absenteeism. Researchers analyzed data from five schools that moved their start times from 8:05 a.m. to 7:25 a.m., finding a significant increase in absences and tardiness.
Scientists have long struggled to explain the 'Great Unconformity,' a phenomenon where ancient rocks sit atop much younger sediment. New research suggests that multiple smaller events may have triggered these unconformities worldwide. The findings could help better understand the origins of complex life during the Cambrian Explosion.
A recent survey by Bright Line Watch found that experts rate US democratic performance as the worst since 2017, with significant declines in accountability, checks and balances, and individual rights. The public's perception of democracy also declined, with those who disapprove of Trump showing a sharp decline in ratings.
A new study reveals an alarming treatment gap for fragility fractures in six European countries, resulting in estimated annual costs of €37.5 billion in 2017, which is expected to increase by 23% to €47.4 billion by 2030.
A recent study found that artificial intelligence can provide results comparable to lung function tests in diagnosing emphysema and classifying its severity. The AI system can automatically analyze chest scans and create a 3D model of the patient's lungs, helping doctors better communicate with patients and track treatment progress.
Researchers found a connection between HHV-6 exposure and ME/CFS symptoms, showing how efforts to boost immune system come at physiological cost. The study provides an explanation for the common observation that ME/CFS patients report fewer viral infections after developing the disease.
A RIKEN research team developed a new 3D staining technique that can visualize whole organs and bodies. The technique allows for detailed anatomical analysis and whole-organ comparisons between species at the cellular level.
Researchers found that salamanders' ballistic tongue projection is less temperature-dependent than muscle-powered systems, relying on elastic-spring mechanics to achieve extreme performance. The study identified key morphological features, including rearranged collagen structures, as central to the function of this system.
Lis1 activation mechanism found to prevent dynein's self-inhibition, enabling motor protein function. This discovery may provide insights into neurological diseases like lissencephaly and guide therapeutic interventions.
Ann McKee will lead a collaboration to characterize brain donors with and without a history of RHI and/or TBI, determining their neuropathological and clinical phenotypes. The goal is to identify the neuropathological features of TBI-related neurodegeneration and its association with dementia and parkinsonism.
Scientists found that PTSD patients exhibit changes in small blood vessels, leading to abnormal responses in the sympathetic nervous system. Antioxidant supplements can reduce oxidative stress and improve blood vessel function.
A study of 10 tree species found significant year-to-year variation in the effect of warming on tree leafing. Warming in early spring advanced leafing more than in late spring, and climate change may lead to increased risk of mistimed leafing and altered interactions between species.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed smart contact lenses that can detect diabetes and treat diabetic retinopathy by controlling insulin secretion with electrical signals. The lenses verified accurate glucose level detection in tears of diabetic rabbits.
Researchers used mass spectrometry to analyze sperm stored in honey bee queens and found five proteins activated by extreme temperatures. The proteins can indicate heat stress in queen bees and serve as a bellwether for wider insect fertility losses.
Research from the University of Missouri found that pets lead to reduced stress and increased social interaction for both children with autism and their parents. The study suggests that pets can provide comfort and support for families, making them a valuable addition.
Hunter-gatherer societies had profoundly deep relationships with hunted animals, experiencing emotional and psychological connections after their disappearance. The study explores the impact of animal extinction or migration on human culture, revealing adaptations in material and social culture.
A recent study evaluated Medicaid benefits coverage and reimbursement amounts for recommended adult vaccines across all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The findings suggest that state policies vary widely, with some states providing more comprehensive vaccination services than others.
Researchers found rare variation in the TET2 gene nearly doubles the risk of developing Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and frontotemporal dementia. The study used whole genome sequencing of over 1,100 people to confirm the association.
A new digital archive co-created by University of Warwick researcher Dr Nicola Pratt gathers art, music, and film created during the 2011 Egyptian revolution. The archive includes over 200 items, many translated into English, to help users discover the significance of the uprising and its aftermath.
Research highlights continued support for immunotherapy approaches to pediatric ALL and lung cancer, as well as progress in Cancer Interception. The studies aim to identify genes that may be responsible for immune suppression or activation in Bronchial premalignant lesions.
A study in Shenzhen, China found that contact tracing and isolation reduced the length of time people were infectious by 2 days, confirming new cases in an average of 3.2 days compared to 5.5 days without contact tracing.
Researchers have discovered three new moth species in the Alps, named after legendary climbers Reinhold Messner, Peter Habeler, and David Lama. The moths are closely related and belong to the genus Caryocolum, living exclusively on carnation plants and inhabiting dry habitats.
A new drug delivery method using light-activated vitamin B12 molecules could reduce whole-body side effects from rheumatoid arthritis treatments. The approach decreases arthritis symptoms while carrying and delivering much lower quantities of the medication.
A new theory proposes that human fatherhood emerged as a response to changing ecological conditions, with males partnering up for mutual benefits. Paternal care became widespread in modern human societies, despite being rare among mammals.
New research reveals that exposure to loud noise can lead to high blood pressure and potentially cancer-related DNA damage in mice. Healthy mice exposed to aircraft noise were more likely to develop high blood pressure.
Research found that nicotine-fueled e-cigarettes increase heart rate and blood pressure in healthy, young nonsmokers. The study used JUUL e-cigarette nicotine or placebo and measured heart rate, blood pressure, and sympathetic nerve activity. Nicotine caused a prolonged increase in blood pressure.
A clinical trial has identified a gene program active in metastatic prostate cancers that failed to respond to enzalutamide treatment. The study found that these tumors had lower androgen receptor activity and higher stemness, making them more adaptable and resistant to treatment.
Researchers propose a new 15-rank classification scheme to categorize coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2 within the vast virosphere. The system groups RNA viruses and DNA viruses into distinct realms, enabling clear communication among virologists.
Research reveals women's smaller airways require more work to breathe, unlike men, who have larger airways that reduce resistance. This finding may contribute to differences in asthma and COPD experiences between sexes.
Researchers at UB and UNC Chapel Hill have developed a new evidence-based roadmap for mobile produce markets, providing step-by-step instructions for starting and running a market. The Veggie Van model has been tested through research and shown to increase access to fresh, healthy food for low-income families.
Researchers found that IAPV-infected honey bees are more likely to be accepted by foreign colonies, engaging in increased trophallaxis with guards. The infected bees also exhibit distinct chemical profiles, suggesting a changed behavior meant to appease the guards.
A study estimates the cloud water path of mature tropical cyclones by analyzing the correlation between cloud microphysical properties and precipitation intensity. The results show that a notable sigmoid function can be used to fit the cloud water path and near-surface rain rate, providing a new way to estimate cloud water path in models.
High school students who attended later school start times slept longer and experienced improved mental health outcomes, including lower rates of depression and anxiety. The observational study suggests that adjusting school start times can be a viable strategy to address sleep deprivation among adolescents.
A study by the UPV/EHU-University of the Basque Country analyzed the influence of ozone formation precursors in the Valderejo Nature Reserve. The research found that biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) contribute up to 68% of the total VOCs measured, with isoprene and monoterpines being key contributors.
The North Carolina Diabetes Research Center will provide educational programs, pilot grants, and research infrastructure support to investigators in diabetes research. As one of only 12 NIH Diabetes Research Centers, the grant aims to connect investigators with collaborators to expand project scope.
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the allocation of healthcare resources in the UK. Dr Sabrina Germain argues that the liberal egalitarian conception of distributive justice is being replaced by a utilitarian approach prioritizing patients' needs. The NHS will need to address delays in treatment and reassess public health...
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have discovered a link between defective immune cells and rare childhood brain disorders, such as leukodystrophies. These diseases cause severe physical and mental disabilities in children, with limited treatment options available.
A new study suggests that CBD could be a useful therapy for glioblastoma, an often-deadly form of brain cancer. The researchers found that CBD slows cancer cell growth and is toxic to both canine and human glioblastoma cell lines.
A study published in Nature Climate Change used tracking data from crabeater seals to build a habitat model of krill distribution along the western Antarctic Peninsula. The researchers project that areas of krill habitat will shrink and move farther offshore, affecting species such as penguins and fur seals.
Researchers analyzed 1.53 billion geotagged tweets to assess regional well-being, revealing inconsistent results with surveys. By removing misleading words like 'LOL' or 'good', well-being predictions improved significantly.
Prolgolimab, a Russian original PD-1 inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma. The drug demonstrated significant antitumor activity and manageable safety in a phase II study, with 42 out of 126 patients experiencing an objective response.
Researchers discover e-cigarette liquid can cause lung tissue repair process to go haywire, leading to scarring. Inhibiting a certain nicotinic receptor may help promote cell death and slow scar formation in affected individuals.
Researchers found that immunotherapy 'checkpoint' inhibitor treatment before surgery eliminated cancer evidence in nearly half of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. The treatment approach may reduce surgery extent and slow tumor relapses.
Research identifies lower concentrations of neuropeptide arginine vasopressin in infant cerebrospinal fluid of those diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. This finding suggests a potential biomarker for early detection and prediction of the disorder.
A recent study used a 10-year galaxy survey to test one of cosmology's pillars and provided a new approach to understanding the universe's growth. The research team demonstrated that denser clumps grew faster, while less-dense clumps grew more slowly.
A nationally representative survey of 16,000 US households found that those with disaster preparedness tend to have higher socioeconomic status and insurance coverage. Households with stockpiles of food and water, electric generators, and communication plans are more likely to be prepared for disasters.
A recent study discovered that lizards in areas frequently affected by hurricanes have larger, stronger toepads than those not exposed to such storms. This suggests that hurricanes play a significant role in shaping the evolution of lizard populations across different geographic and phylogenetic scales.
Researchers found that pupil features correlate with cognitive processes involved in mental arithmetic and decision-making. The study used pupil-tracking technology to measure changes in pupil size over time, revealing two distinct influences: a rapid, transient effect and a longer-lasting, sustained influence.
Infection with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) alters honey bee social behavior, reducing aggression and changing chemical signals. This manipulation facilitates viral transmission between colonies, raising concerns about the impact of high colony densities on pathogen evolution.