The Fleischner Society statement provides guidance on the use of chest imaging in COVID-19 management, recommending its use in patients with worsening respiratory status or moderate to severe features. The panel also found that CT is appropriate in patients with functional impairment and/or hypoxemia after recovery from COVID-19.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg and Technical University of Braunschweig have developed two innovative technologies, Skith and Wall#E, to simplify satellite construction. Skith enables wireless control and reduces satellite mass, while Wall#E is a fiber-reinforced structure that stores electrical energy.
Italy's experience with the pandemic highlights the importance of preparedness and rapid testing, while also emphasizing the need for coordinated public health strategies. The study suggests that countries can learn from Italy's successes in managing hospital capacity and supply chain logistics.
Researchers have identified a promising first step in antiviral treatment for COVID-19, focusing on the spike protein's fusion peptide. By understanding how this peptide interacts with host cells, scientists hope to develop an antibody that can block viral entry and replication.
A team of Brazilian researchers collected shallow snow cores and analyzed BC concentrations to study the particle's effect on Antarctic climate. They found very low BC concentrations, sparking questions about BC seasonal variability and geographical sources.
A study from North Carolina State University found that the protein periostin can directly activate itch-associated neurons in the skin, leading to increased itching in atopic dermatitis. Blocking periostin receptors reduced itch response in a mouse model of eczema.
Researchers discovered a high diversity of physical properties among membrane vesicles (MVs) from different bacteria, with varying adhesion, elasticity and friction. The study used phase imaging atomic force microscopy to analyze MVs from E. coli, P. aeruginosa, P. denitrificans and B. subtilis.
Researchers found that a ketogenic diet significantly reduced inflammation and mucus production in asthmatic mice. The diet's effect was attributed to its ability to slow down the division activity of immune cells, which play a central role in asthma symptoms.
A risk-based approach can mitigate socio-economic damage caused by extreme containment measures, enabling recovery and addressing COVID-19. This strategy targets individual and community risk factors, such as age and population density.
The USPSTF advises against routine screening for bacterial vaginosis in pregnant individuals without symptoms or increased risk of preterm delivery. However, it suggests caution for those at higher risk, with current recommendations dating back to 2008.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys have found a new way to kill pancreatic cancer cells by disrupting their pH equilibrium. Suppressing NHE7 lowers the cell's cytoplasmic pH, triggering cell death in both human and mouse tumors. This approach could provide a new therapeutic avenue for treating pancreatic cancer.
A new triage system using symptom severity and teleconsultation reduced the time to endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) from 65 minutes to 2 hours and 15 minutes in Stockholm region patients. This led to better patient outcomes, with 34% of EVT patients fully recovering their functional ability compared to 24% in the old system.
Researchers found dihydromyricetin (DHM) activates mechanisms that quickly metabolize alcohol and reduce liver harm. The study supports DHM as a dietary supplement to offset acute and long-term risks of alcohol consumption.
Researchers designed a polymer that can twist and bend in response to light, mimicking human muscle movement. The polymer's chiral structure changes direction when exposed to different light sources, enabling simultaneous bending and twisting motions.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered the mechanism behind one of two signalling arms involved in the cGAS-STING pathway. The findings reveal that a closely related TBK1 homologue, IKK-epsilon, plays a crucial role in cytokine production, leading to new understanding of autoimmune diseases and cancer treatment.
A literature review suggests that depressive disorders in people with HIV/AIDS are vastly underdiagnosed and untreated. Evidence-based recommendations are available to improve assessment and management of these conditions, focusing on proper diagnosis, treatment, and addressing special challenges such as stigma and adherence.
A new simulation model, CHIME, can help hospital administrators predict and prepare for COVID-19-related capacity strain. The model provides user-friendly estimates of time until capacities would be exceeded, ICU bed and ventilator needs, and surge duration, enabling informed planning and resource allocation.
Researchers investigated the association between preconception exposure to plastics and the risk of preterm birth. Higher concentrations of phthalates prior to conception were found to be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth in a recent study.
A new study published in eLife found that people who have survived a suicide attempt are less sensitive to bodily signals related to their heart and breath. The researchers suggest that this 'interoceptive numbing' may be linked to lower brain activity in the insular cortex, a region that closely tracks the internal state of the body.
Researchers found that four common human coronaviruses are sharply seasonal in Michigan, peaking between December and April/May. They also show similar transmission potential to the flu virus. The study's findings could help investigators prepare for SARS-CoV-2 behavior.
A team of researchers from the University of California - Santa Barbara used big data and optimization algorithms to identify high-biodiversity hotspots in international waters. These areas could become the first generation of high seas marine protected areas, leveraging new global data assets and tools for conservation.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered a lipid gradient in tears that helps form and maintain the tear film's inner liquid layer and outer lipid layer. This finding could lead to new treatments for dry eye disease by targeting the lipid layer.
Researchers discovered how to make bottles empty faster by studying bubble dynamics, which reveals key parameters such as liquid film thickness and rise velocity. The study also identifies two distinct bottle-emptying modes and a critical angle of inclination that maximizes the emptying time.
Researchers found that regulatory switches involved in knee development also play a role in osteoarthritis, a partially heritable disease affecting 250 million people worldwide. The study suggests that subtle modifications in the knee's shape may increase risk of developing osteoarthritis over time.
Researchers found that babies build episodic memory during sleep, enabling them to remember details of their experiences. The study showed that brain activity differs in children who slept versus those who stayed awake, especially when recalling specific events.
Researchers found that infants aged 12-15 months watched for longer when presented with incongruent speech patterns, suggesting they have formed expectations not only about infant-directed speech but also adult-directed speech. This study raises questions about the mechanisms of infants' expectations and social importance of different ...
A clinical research study at UC San Diego Health is using artificial intelligence to analyze lung imaging data for COVID-19 patients. The AI algorithm has provided unique insights into over 2,000 images, helping physicians identify early signs of pneumonia and potentially saving lives.
Researchers discovered that tumors in lymph nodes are distinct from solid tumors, with a unique pattern of branching and signaling pathways. They identified VEGF-C as the primary driver of angiogenesis in early stages of lymphoma, which can be targeted to slow tumor growth.
A multidisciplinary self-managed home quarantine method was developed in Wuhan, China, controlling the source of COVID-19 infection and alleviating medical resource shortages. The method involved online monitoring, strict compliance with quarantine measures, and regular communication between patients and the quarantine team.
Researchers from Kazan Federal University and their international partners have discovered how Staphylococcus aureus resists antibiotics using cryoelectron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The RsfS protein protects the bacteria by preventing ribosome formation.
Researchers developed a new technique to detect the aggregation state of amyloid beta proteins in solution, which could aid early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The technique uses terahertz waves and provides a dementia quotient index to distinguish between protein states.
Elderly residents of long-term care facilities are at high risk of dying from COVID-19 and transmission of the virus is especially high. To protect these vulnerable groups, it's essential to follow public health guidelines on handwashing and social distancing.
Researchers found that investors' forward-looking strategic behavior, social interactions among individual investors, and their expectations on the crowd's behavior contribute to crowdfunding dynamics. Fundraisers can optimize fundraising goals and crowdfunding platforms can predict successful campaigns by understanding these mechanisms.
Takashi Kozai aims to design a coating technology that can control neuron activity using biomolecules. The goal is to establish the relationship between different types of stimulation and their impact on excitability, which could improve BCI technology for rehabilitation of neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at ITMO University and S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Complex introduced a laser method for cataract surgery that stimulates tissue regeneration while destroying the cloudy lens. The technique has been clinically proven to reduce corneal endothelial cell loss by 1.8 times.
Researchers have detected magnetic monopoles in a metal for the first time, using a two-dimensional Kagome spin-ice system consisting of holmium, silver, and germanium. The team's findings suggest that this system behaves as if magnetic monopoles were present.
Researchers have successfully developed a MERS vaccine that fully protects mice against the deadly virus, and it may hold promise for developing vaccines against COVID-19. The vaccine uses a harmless virus to deliver a MERS coronavirus protein into cells, generating an immune response.
A team of Clemson University researchers has detected a relativistic jet emerging from two colliding galaxies, providing the first photographic proof of this phenomenon. The discovery was made using advanced telescopes and offers insights into the formation of jets in galaxy collisions.
A new study by Yale University researchers found that genetic variations can trigger functional changes in the brain before birth, during early childhood, and later in life. The study analyzed DNA and RNA data from 176 tissue samples across various developmental stages, revealing age-specific effects of genetic variants on brain function.
Tropical Cyclone Harold brought heavy rains and hurricane-force winds to Vanuatu, with NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite tracking its movement towards Fiji. Forecasters expect the storm to make a brief landfall over Fiji on April 7, although intensity may remain steady or increase if an eye forms.
A team of international scientists has developed over 200 new genetic techniques for using marine microbes, overcoming a bottleneck in microbial oceanography. The tools enable researchers to study the cellular instructions that underpin microbial life and potentially harness beneficial applications.
A team of researchers has successfully measured the dispersion relation of complex quantum many-body states 'Bethe strings' using inelastic neutron scattering experiments. The results confirm theoretical predictions made by Hans Bethe in 1931 and provide new insights into the properties of these excitations.
Researchers at Kobe University have demonstrated that 222nm UVC is safe for human skin and eyes, contrary to previous concerns about its carcinogenic effects. The study used xeroderma pigmentosum model mice to test the safety of repeated exposure to 222nm UVC, finding no adverse effects on their eyes or skin.
A new study published in Technology and Health Care reveals that four leading electric car brands do not trigger electromagnetic interference with cardiac implantable electronic devices. The research, which tested over 100 CIED patients driving and charging four e-cars, provides reassuring evidence for pacemaker users.
A 29-million-year-old coquí frog fossil discovered in Puerto Rico has been identified as the oldest record of frogs in the Caribbean. The ancient species displaces an amber frog fossil previously thought to be the oldest, shedding new light on the origins of Caribbean wildlife.
A new method detects trace proteins secreted by embryos using microfluidic droplets and multicolor fluorescence, predicting developmental potential with high accuracy. The technique improves upon conventional morphological scoring, reducing variability among embryologists.
Scientists discover how wild tomatoes resist bacterial canker by colonizing protoxylem vessels. The pathogen's inability to spread through the xylem in wild tomatoes holds promise for future breeding efforts.
Research by Mark Long and Nicole Bateman found that underrepresentation of minority students in public universities has worsened since affirmative action bans took effect. Alternative policies have not fully replaced raced-based affirmative action, with the gap growing in subsequent years.
Researchers have found that fault segments connected at depth can influence earthquake risk and magnitude. A study suggests that a rapid decay in slip at the edge of a fault segment indicates a connection below the surface.
A recent study by the University of Exeter and Marine Conservation Society found no difference in litter levels inside and outside England's Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), with plastic being the main form of litter. The research highlights the need for locally appropriate management to tackle specific sources of litter in different areas.
A new form of magnetic brain stimulation, SAINT, rapidly relieved symptoms of severe depression in 90% of participants. The treatment targets the brain's neurocircuitry and has shown promising results in treating people with treatment-resistant depression.
A new study reveals a direct link between virus spillover and environmental change, which threatens wildlife populations. The research highlights how human activities such as hunting, trade, and urbanization increase the risk of virus transmission to humans.
A study of 13,000 urgent GP referrals found that higher early warning scores are associated with quicker ambulance transfers and faster hospital reviews. Patients with the highest scores were nearly five times more likely to have sepsis and eight times more likely to die within two days of admission.
The NHS could save up to £89 million annually by implementing widely available diagnostic tests, reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. The study found that 80-90% accurate point-of-care tests can help distinguish between bacterial and viral infections.
The 2018 Saddleworth Moor Fire in Northern England had a significant impact on air quality, with poor conditions affecting over 4.5 million people. The fires caused substantial increases in PM2.5 pollution, resulting in up to 165% more deaths brought forward due to pollution.
A study of 109 deceased patients found that mortality from COVID-19 pneumonia was concentrated among patients above 65 years old, especially those with major comorbidities. Patients admitted to the ICU lived longer than those who weren
A new Stanford study finds that deforestation and agriculture expansion increase human-wild primate interactions, leading to a higher risk of zoonotic diseases. The researchers suggest creating buffer zones around biodiversity-rich forests and providing alternative resources to reduce pressure on people to venture into forested areas.
A new genome editing system has been developed to enhance the efficiency of an error-free DNA repair pathway, which could help improve agronomic traits in multiple crops. The system uses Cas9 and VirD2 to facilitate homology-directed repair, increasing the rate of precise genetic modifications.
A recent survey study published in JAMA Internal Medicine investigated public concerns about COVID-19 symptoms and individual actions taken to mitigate the pandemic. The study found that many Americans were worried about their own health, family safety, and economy amidst the pandemic.
Researchers at NIH defined a critical window for visual event detection in mice, revealing the superior colliculus plays a crucial role. Inhibiting this region impaired event perception and made mice more susceptible to distracting visuals.
A study found that 54.8% of COVID-19 cases imported to Brazil by March 5 came from Italy, while 24.9% traveled from Italy to São Paulo. The virus spread quickly in Brazil, with the first cases reported in São Paulo City, and sustained community transmission now prevails.
A team of scientists at Ruhr-University Bochum discovered that distinct serotonergic receptor types control the gain of both streams of information in a separable manner. This finding may facilitate new concepts of diagnosis and therapy for neuronal disorders related to malfunction of the serotonin system.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University have created a minimally invasive technique to determine the sex of sea turtle hatchlings using small blood samples. This method is more reliable and efficient than existing methods, providing valuable insights into the impact of climate change on imperiled turtle species.
Bilaterally symmetrical flowers can restore their 'correct' orientation by moving individual flower stems or even the stalk that supports a cluster of flowers. This ability helps them attract pollinators and produce seeds. In contrast, radially symmetrical flowers lack this ability and rarely recover after an injury.
Scientists have discovered that the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects progenitor cells in the lungs and bronchi, which are responsible for producing cilia that sweep mucus and bacteria out of the lungs. The virus acts in a highly selective manner, dependent on certain human cells to spread and replicate.
Researchers have found that tuning the thickness of butterfly wing scales' bottom layer creates iridescent colors, a process known as structural coloration. The study reveals a consistent relationship between lamina thickness and scale color in various species.
The European Union Twinning project will fund the training of young researchers from Masaryk University at Mainz University's Institute of Molecular Biology. The three-year project aims to establish a leading-edge cluster for RNA research at Masaryk University.
A study found that parents and infants both experience a slowed heart rate during hugs, while younger infants also show relaxation when their back is pressed by a parent's hand. The research suggests that hugs play an important role in early bonding between parents and children.
Researchers used computer modeling to understand sources and distribution of arsenic-polluted groundwater, pinpointing the source to river muds that fuelled biogeochemical reactions. The model highlighted four key factors influencing arsenic release at surface water/groundwater interfaces.
Researchers develop vaccine candidate using RNA virus to produce S protein, triggering immune responses against coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2. The approach effectively blocks MERS virus infections in mice, suggesting potential for COVID-19 prevention.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet and Columbia University finds that celiac disease is associated with increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. The study examined almost 50,000 patients with celiac disease and found a 21% increase in overall mortality compared to controls.
A Baylor University study found that college students who listened to classical music during a lecture and in their sleep performed better on a test the next day. However, over time, scores dropped to 'floor level' as performance averaged less than 25% for both groups.
Researchers created tiny biohybrid swimmers that can personalize drug delivery to treat tumors. The biohybrid swimmers, powered by genetically engineered E. coli MG1655 and red blood cell nanoerythrosomes, demonstrated a reduced immune response due to their nanoscale size.
The Great Barrier Reef has suffered its third coral bleaching event in just five years, with the most recent event being the worst. Severe bleaching has struck all three regions of the reef, causing widespread damage to coral habitats.