Articles tagged with Lipids
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis discovered that cancer cells can synthesize lipids from non-glucose sources, contradicting the long-held glucose hypothesis. This finding raises questions about diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for cancer.
Two unique enzymes, AIG1 and ADTRP, have been discovered that play a role in metabolism and inflammation, potentially targeting type 2 diabetes and inflammatory disorders. The enzymes are moderately inhibited by lipase inhibitors, suggesting they may be used to boost FAHFAs, which normalize glucose levels and reduce inflammation.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a machine to mimic the surface of the eye, allowing for systematic testing of tear film behavior on contact lens surfaces. This innovation could lead to more comfortable contact lenses that protect users from painful dry eye symptoms.
A new study found that exposure to bisphenol S, a chemical used in BPA-free products, can encourage the formation of fat cells. Researchers created a human cell model and tested the effects of BPS exposure on fat cell metabolism.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that fuel-starved light receptors contribute to the development of age-related macular degeneration. The researchers discovered that photoreceptors need lipids, not just glucose, to function properly and that blocking a specific receptor can prevent abnormal vessel growth.
Researchers found that photoreceptors use both glucose and lipids as fuel substrates, debunking previous scientific beliefs about the cause of abnormal blood vessel growth leading to blindness. This discovery opens new therapeutic avenues for retinal diseases such as AMD.
Researchers discovered that saposin B binds to the anti-malarial drug chloroquine, potentially leading to toxicity due to prolonged binding instead of removing damaged lipids. This finding opens up new avenues for investigating saposin B's role in other conditions, such as lysosomal storage diseases.
Researchers have developed a new analytical tool that can identify 'isomers' in lipid molecules, which may lead to the early diagnosis of cancer. The method uses tandem mass spectrometry and the Paternò-Büchi reaction to pinpoint the location of double bonds in lipids.
A new biorefinery process developed by NREL has significantly improved ethanol production from algae, with a yield of 126 gallons of gasoline equivalents per ton of biomass. The process, called Combined Algal Processing (CAP), reduces costs by nearly $10/GGE compared to traditional methods.
Researchers at Umea University have found that the protein FGF21 redistributes fatty acids through two mechanisms, leading to improved pharmaceutical treatment options for obesity-related diseases. The study also shows that FGF21 can activate the enzyme Lipoprotein lipase, increasing the hydrolytic cleavage and uptake of blood lipids.
The 2016 ASBMB meeting featured scientific symposia on various topics including bioinorganic catalysis, cell signaling, chemical biology, chromatin organization, DNA replication, education, and glycoscience. Key researchers like Aziz Sancar will present their work on DNA repair and precision medicine.
A UCR team adapted CRISPR-Cas9 for use in Yarrowia lipolytica, a yeast strain that converts sugars into useful lipids and hydrocarbons. This breakthrough enables the production of new biofuels, specialty polymers, adhesives, and fragrances from cheap raw materials.
Researchers at SLU are developing a biomarker to help diagnose sepsis early and improve treatment outcomes. Chlorinated lipids may hold the key to this discovery, as they appear under conditions of inflammation.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a key molecule that enables cancer cells to produce lipids, leading to rapid tumor growth. Blocking this molecule may slow tumor growth and provide new therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma and other cancers.
Research reveals that tiny plankton can store large amounts of CO2, potentially doubling estimates of ocean carbon absorption. The copepod lipid pump mechanism is a significant discovery, as it was not previously considered in climate models.
Researchers found a new biomarker in ceramides that may help diagnose and treat episodic migraine. Women with episodic migraine had lower levels of ceramides in their blood compared to those without headaches.
Researchers found fossilized microbes in ancient rock samples from the Iberian continental margin, confirming a long-standing hypothesis that interactions between mantle rocks and seawater can create conditions for life. The discovery provides important insights into the possibility of 'intraterrestrial' life in rocks below the seafloor.
Scientists at Kyoto University developed an approach to assemble DNA origami units into larger structures by using a double layer of lipids. This method allows for more freedom of movement and interaction between origami structures, enabling them to form nanomachines such as nanomotors for targeted drug delivery
Researchers identify two transcription factors that regulate lipid accumulation in stressed algae, enabling sustainable fuels production. The study also demonstrates a strategy for overexpressing PSR1 to trick cells into producing lipids without dying.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that introducing an enzyme called ceramidase in diabetic mice rapidly improved insulin sensitivity. The study suggests a new means to potentially treat Type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by lowering ceramide levels, which interfere with insulin signaling.
Researchers found that KLF15 helps maintain metabolic balance by controlling the availability of nutrients in the body. The discovery may also contribute to understanding diseases characterized by excessive bile acid production.
WSU scientists demonstrate that resveratrol converts excess white fat into beige fat, reducing weight gain by 40%. Polyphenols found in fruit enhance fat oxidation, preventing obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Increasing fruit consumption can boost total polyphenolic intake.
Research from Purdue University found that adding eggs to a salad with raw vegetables significantly improves the absorption of carotenoids. This is due to the lipid content in whole eggs, which enhances the absorption of these fat-soluble nutrients.
A 1500-year-old male skeleton from Great Chesterford in Essex, England, has been confirmed to have had leprosy through DNA testing and biomarkers. The leprosy strain originated from southern Scandinavia and dates back to the 5th or 6th centuries AD.
Researchers at Hamburg University of Technology, DESY, and Nestle found that reducing porosity, storing products at ideal temperatures, and controlling crystallization can help minimize fat bloom. This study provides new insights into the formation of fat bloom, an issue affecting millions in the food industry.
Researchers discovered that lipids in chocolate products move through pores and cracks, softening and dissolving solid cocoa butter into liquid form. By reducing pore number and liquid cocoa butter content, chocolatiers can minimize the formation of blooming coatings.
Yeonhwa Park's significant contributions to bioactive lipids have led to discoveries of CLA's role in reducing body fat and improving bone mass. Her research also explores the interaction between CLA and muscle, revealing improved exercise outcomes.
Researchers developed a new yeast strain that can produce lipids at a higher rate, making it a viable platform for turning sugar into biofuels. The strain can also be used to produce oleochemicals, chemicals traditionally derived from plant and animal fats and petroleum.
Researchers have discovered a new class of potentially therapeutic lipids, FAHFAs, which are found at lower levels in people with insulin resistance. Administering FAHFAs to diabetic mice improved glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, suggesting a potential avenue for developing novel medications.
A recent study found that pigs fed diets containing corn-ethanol co-products, such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), had no significant differences in growth performance compared to those fed a traditional corn-soybean meal diet. The study showed that conventional, high-protein, or uncooked DDGS can be safely included at...
Researchers at Ludwig Maximilians University have identified a novel chloroplast membrane protein that plays a central role in transporting fatty acids from chloroplasts into the cell cytoplasm. This discovery may lead to new strategies for producing biofuels, which are rich in TAG-rich plant oils.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which immune cells in the skin function as the body's 'border control'. This finding could improve how we fight some infections, allergies and auto-immune diseases. The discovery of CD1a molecule reveals how it interacts with lipid molecules to identify foreign invaders.
Researchers found lipid droplet accumulation in glial cells before signs of neurodegeneration appeared, leading to impaired support for neurons. Reducing components of the pathway can delay neurodegeneration.
A new study found that protein Maf1 controls fat levels in C. elegans worms, suggesting a similar function in humans. Increasing or decreasing Maf1 levels resulted in significant changes in stored lipids.
Researchers have described the intricate relationships within a biological wastewater treatment plant in unprecedented detail. This study provides new insights into the laws governing bacterial function, with potential applications in medicine and environmental conservation.
The study reveals the complex relationships within a model ecosystem, with implications for protecting the environment and human health. The researchers found that Microthrix parvicella, a generalist bacterium, can adapt to various living conditions and dominate the wastewater treatment plant ecosystem.
Researchers discovered that excess lipids in the lungs trigger an inflammatory response, leading to scarring and pulmonary fibrosis. The team's findings suggest a new direction for developing novel therapies by targeting lipid handling in the lungs.
A new study found that contact lens discomfort is associated with degradation of the lipid layer in the tear film. Applying a liposomal eyelid spray increased stability of the tear film and improved dry eye symptoms, suggesting potential benefits for patients with contact lens discomfort.
Researchers have identified a new class of lipid molecules that enhance insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control, offering a promising direction for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes. The fatty acid hydroxyl fatty acids (FAHFAs) are produced and broken down inside the human body and may serve as an early marker for the risk of...
Researchers from Clemson University have discovered that lipids play a crucial role in the adhesion mechanism of barnacle cyprid larvae, paving the way for novel anti-fouling paint for ships and boats. The findings also provide insight into the development of new bio-adhesives for medical and industrial applications.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a new strategy for disconnecting molecules, which could be used to create a tuberculosis (TB) vaccine. The method, described in Nature Chemistry, enables the synthesis of complex lipids like hydroxyphthioceranic acid in just 14 steps.
Researchers discover that P. gingivalis modifies its lipid A structure to evade host defenses and establish chronic infection, leading to persistent systemic low-grade inflammation. This mechanism contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis in blood vessels.
Researchers recommend considering additional factors that can affect microbial growth apart from lipids in parenteral nutrition. These factors include glucose concentration, proportion of glucose to lipid, and osmolarity.
Researchers identify a novel mode of cancer cell recognition by the immune system, opening up new possibilities for leukemia immunotherapy. A specific group of immune cells, called mLPA-specific T-cells, recognize and destroy leukemia cells triggered by the newly identified lipids.
A new study by Prof. Gennaro De Libero and his team at the University of Basel identifies a lipid molecule, methyl-lysophosphatidic acid (mLPA), that stimulates specific T cells to kill leukemia cells. This breakthrough discovery offers new avenues for non-invasive cancer immunotherapies.
Research reveals that lipid droplets play a crucial role in regulating histone proteins in fruit fly embryos, helping to maintain the 'perfect' balance required for development. The findings suggest that manipulating this process could potentially treat diseases linked to chromosome malfunction.
Goldenrod gall fly larvae produce a novel class of lipids that remain fluid at low temperatures, allowing them to survive freezing winters. These acetylated triacylglycerols are less energy dense than standard lipids and have antifreeze characteristics.
Researchers found that European humans have a higher number of Neanderthal variants in genes related to lipid breakdown, which may have provided a selective advantage. This study suggests that Neanderthal ancestry has driven evolutionary changes in lipid processing and brain composition among Europeans.
Researchers have discovered a blood test that can predict cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease within three years with greater than 90 percent accuracy. The test identifies 10 lipids in the blood, which appear to reveal the breakdown of neural cell membranes in participants who develop symptoms.
A new study found that carotid artery MRI can accurately predict future cardiovascular events, including strokes and heart attacks, in people without a history of cardiovascular disease. The presence of a lipid core in the internal carotid artery was significantly associated with an increased risk of subsequent events.
Researchers developed a new source of renewable energy by genetically engineering yeast cells to produce lipids that can be used in place of petroleum-derived products. The platform produces the highest concentration of oils and fats reported through fermentation, enabling up to 90% of cell mass to become lipids.
Researchers at Dartmouth College have developed a new fluorescent compound to detect and measure cardiolipin, a unique lipid in cell membranes. The new dye, TTAPE-Me, improves upon existing methods for detecting cardiolipin, which is linked to various diseases including heart conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancers.
A retrospective analysis of inpatients found that hyperhomocysteinemia and abnormal blood lipids exert synergistic effects on the onset of stroke. Patients with elevated homocysteine levels and abnormal blood lipids are predisposed to stroke, highlighting the importance of managing both conditions.
Artificial cells manufactured via microprinting can mimic natural cell membranes, allowing researchers to study cellular processes. The creation of uniform-sized artificial cells with proteins and lipids enables high-throughput screenings for drug delivery and disease prevention.
Researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography have developed a method to genetically engineer marine algae to produce more lipids, the fat molecules that store energy for fuel. This breakthrough enhances biofuel production and has the potential to lower costs and increase efficiency.
Researchers at Scripps Florida Institute have developed a highly programmable platform for creating synthetic cellular structures with complex membrane compositions. The approach enables the assembly of multi-layered membranes resembling the cell nucleus envelope, offering new insights into biological function and evolution.
Mayo Clinic researchers have discovered a genetic mutation that alters lipid metabolism in Parkinson's patients, leading to higher levels of ceramides and glucosylceramides in the blood. This biomarker is associated with severe cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease.
Researchers developed a method to extract and analyze lipid-soluble metabolites from human mesenchymal stem cells using MRI spectroscopy. The technique provides valuable insights into the metabolic characteristics of MSCs, which is essential for optimizing detection efficiency while minimizing cell usage.
A study by Purdue University researchers found that pigs thrive on lipids from soybean oil, leading to improved growth performance. The study's results suggest that using concentrated energy sources like soybean oil can help counteract issues limiting growth in nursery pigs.
Researchers mapped how critical molecules regulate inflammation during flu infection, discovering new targets for therapies. The study provided a holistic view of the host-pathogen interaction, revealing lipid mediators' dual role in controlling inflammation.