Researchers at the University of Liverpool have developed a collaborative AI tool that reduces time and effort required to discover new materials. The tool has already led to the discovery of four new materials, including solid state materials with lithium-conductive properties.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center have developed potential new treatments for Parkinson’s disease that showed success in slowing its progression in mice. The lab-developed peptides helped slow the spread of alpha-synuclein, a protein that occurs in abnormal deposits in the brain.
A Rutgers University study suggests that video conferencing with tobacco treatment specialists can aid smokers in rural prisons in quitting tobacco smoking. The study also found that providing nicotine replacement therapy patches was effective in aiding the cessation process.
New research from the University of Leicester shows that macroplastics travel much slower through river systems than previously believed, remaining in place for significant periods. The study suggests existing estimates of riverine plastic flux to the ocean may have been overestimated, highlighting the need for further research.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute discovered that loss of ARID1A function enhances a cellular stress response pathway that promotes survival of cancer cells, making them sensitive to pharmacological inhibition. This finding points to a new therapeutic opportunity for ovarian clear cell carcinomas with ARID1A mutations.
A team of astronomers used dashcam footage to track a fireball over Slovenia, recovering three space rocks and tracing their origins in the Solar System. The fragments provide insights into the history of our Solar System and potential hazards like Near Earth Objects.
Researchers link repeated injury to airway stem cells with chronic lung disease, suggesting that biological aging of these cells may contribute to the development of this condition. The study found that injury caused activation of a subset of stem cells, leading to their premature aging and loss of functional capacity.
Researchers found that Maya rulers altered their cities' structures and alignments to reflect their own desires and authority. Many temples were built on top of existing ones or abandoned altogether, shifting the focus from community ritual to ruler-centric politics.
The California NanoSystems Institute has launched a new Quantum Biology Center at UCLA, focusing on community-building and interdisciplinary research collaborations. The center aims to train students and scientists in the quantum biosciences and explore the application of quantum mechanics to biological processes.
Children who receive living donor liver tissue for transplants have nearly twice the survival rate and reduced risk of organ rejection compared to those receiving deceased donor livers. Living donation also shortens wait times for pediatric patients.
The Lupus Research Alliance is funding two projects that examine why lupus varies for each person. Researchers will investigate the differences in genetic and environmental factors contributing to lupus variability.
A new study reveals a strong connection between infection rates and strains of authoritarianism in public attitudes and politics. The research found that the more infectious US cities and states had more authoritarian-leaning citizens, with correlations between higher disease rates and conservative voting patterns.
A University of Kansas researcher is investigating how estrogen interacts with cells to promote tissue repair and regeneration after injury. The study aims to understand why male and female tissues regenerate differently, which could lead to the development of new tailored therapies.
A new study finds that racial/ethnic minorities remain less likely to be eligible for lung cancer screening under the revised guidelines, highlighting the need for more nuanced risk models. Incorporating social determinants of health and family history could help address disparities in lung cancer screening eligibility.
A team of researchers from IOCB Prague has discovered a new type of nanoparticles capable of safely transporting various types of nucleic acids used for therapeutic purposes into cells. The universal nature of their system sets it apart from existing solutions, allowing for efficient transport of mRNA and other RNA molecules into cells.
A recent study published in Nature found that a high-fat diet or genetic obesity can deplete hair follicle stem cells, leading to hair thinning and loss. The researchers discovered that inflammation signals block hair follicle regeneration, ultimately resulting in loss of hair follicles.
Researchers from Osaka University introduced a non-contact quality control technology to 3D printing by detecting fine-scale defects below the surface of 3D-printed metal assemblies. They used laser ultrasonics to uncover small defects that are frequently difficult to image.
Researchers at LMU Biocenter have discovered that PCMD-1 is an essential functional bridge between centrioles and the surrounding matrix, ensuring proper spindle pole integrity. This finding highlights the critical role of protein interactions in maintaining cell division accuracy and preventing diseases such as cancer.
Two Yale-led studies found that Black patients admitted with COVID-19 tend to have higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores than white patients, which can lead to unequal access to treatment resources. This disparity could result in disproportionate steering of scarce healthcare supplies towards other groups.
Scientists discovered that recurrent neural networks (RNNs) play a crucial role in the frontal cortex, responsible for decision-making, expressive language, and voluntary movement. The research also found that RNNs are more complex than previously thought, with a unidirectional structure.
Researchers found that salivary HR-HPV DNA can detect HPV-driven head and neck cancers (HNC) in most patients at the time of diagnosis. The study showed a clear survival advantage for salivary HR-HPV-positive patients, with high-risk strains detected in most cases.
A CAMH-led study found that 36% of Toronto-area LGBTQ2S youth experiencing homelessness have attempted suicide since the pandemic began. The study highlights the need for more inclusive and population-based access to life-saving health and social support services for this group.
A study by McGill University reveals significant regional variation in Canada's nitrogen footprint, with Ontario and Quebec contributing the most. The research highlights the importance of understanding local drivers of nitrogen pollution to develop targeted solutions.
A multidisciplinary research framework is needed to explore links between evolved tolerance to pathogens and their spillover into humans. Hosts can live with pathogens for long periods, creating conditions perfect for spillover, according to a new review.
Researchers have measured the transverse electrical resistivity of a single carbon fiber using the van der Pauw method, revealing directional-dependent properties. This discovery paves the way for developing lightning strike protection technologies for aerospace and other industries.
A new study by UCL researchers found that social inequality can incite collective violence, including vandalism, even with weak social identification. The findings suggest that reducing economic inequality could play a role in maintaining public safety.
A new center will be established at CU Anschutz Medical Campus to investigate rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis, with the goal of identifying new treatments and preventing disease. The center will combine resources from over 40 researchers and provide funding for graduate students and postdoctoral fellows.
A new study by Karolinska Institutet outlines a baseline bundle of care interventions that could save millions of lives globally. The Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) concept describes life-saving practices with low complexity and cost, benefiting critically ill patients.
The Science Communication Lab has received a 3-year NSF grant to create new films and virtual workshops about novel breakthroughs and techniques in science. The lab aims to expand its work across filmmaking and education to reach broad and diverse audiences, emphasizing diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Researchers studied mice with Alzheimer's disease and found that pain sensitivity is maintained throughout the disease progression. Females are more sensitive to pain, while males experience greater emotional distress, highlighting age- and sex-specific responses to pain in Alzheimer's disease.
A team of engineers and biotechnologists has developed a biosensor that measures antibiotic levels in breath, mirroring blood concentrations. This breakthrough enables on-site, personalized dosing to minimize resistant bacteria strains.
Researchers have developed a new type of red meat that replaces nitrite with natural alternatives from plants and fruits, including Japanese Knotweed. The results showed significantly lower levels of nitrite content in participants' faeces compared to conventionally processed red meat.
A new study estimates that treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) costs the US $8 billion a year, primarily due to long-term metabolic health conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The analysis also found pregnancy-related costs contribute significantly to the total burden.
Researchers at the University of Barcelona have developed a simulated microgravity system that simulates conditions found in space, allowing for the study of 2D crystalline molecular structures. The system enables the growth of unique materials with unprecedented effects on orientation, compactness and generation.
A study of semi-captive Asian elephants found that calves raised with older sisters had higher long-term survival rates and reproduced earlier than those without a sibling. In contrast, male elephants raised with older sisters experienced lower survival but increased body weight.
Researchers developed an AI model to classify patients with localized breast cancer as high or low risk of metastatic relapse. The study shows that AI can accurately assess relapse risk with an AUC of 81%, providing a valuable aid for therapeutic decisions and avoiding unnecessary chemotherapy.
Cong Wang aims to develop a two-fingered robot that can perform everyday tasks with precision manipulation, using artificial intelligence and crowdsourcing. The robot will be taught by human volunteers through the Amazon Mechanical Turk system, with the goal of creating a physically intelligent being.
Researchers identify structure and interaction between HCV E2 protein and CD81 receptor, revealing acidic conditions enhance binding and facilitate cell entry. This discovery provides new leads for developing an HCV vaccine by targeting specific antibodies against the virus.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center technology has led to the discovery of an 'ultra-potent' monoclonal antibody that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The antibody's unique characteristics make it a valuable addition to therapeutic candidates.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory calculated moment tensors for 130 underground nuclear and 10 chemical tests to aid explosion monitoring. The study's database of carefully documented explosions will be useful for researchers, allowing them to distinguish explosions from earthquakes and estimate yield.
Danish adults have made significant strides in preserving their natural teeth and visiting the dentist more frequently. However, social disparities in dental health persist, with those from lower-income backgrounds receiving less preventive care.
A new study published in JAMA shows that minimally invasive aortic valve replacement can help patients with a wide range of heart conditions, offering a new hope for those affected by aortic dissections and aneurysms. The procedure, pioneered at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, has been shown to be effective in treating complex cases.
A study of nearly 200,000 patients found that Black women have a three-fold increased risk of triple negative breast cancer, which has a poor prognosis. Higher breast density and obesity are associated with increased risk among this group.
A multidisciplinary team of scientists is using human whistled languages as a model to understand how dolphins encode complex information in their whistle communication. By studying the structure and attributes of human whistled speech, researchers aim to develop new techniques for analyzing dolphin whistles.
GlycoNet will deliver reliable vaccine information to Canadians through interactive digital campaigns and K-12 classroom tools, supporting science literacy skills. The grant aims to promote evidence-based decision-making on vaccines across the country.
Researchers used mice to demonstrate that acquired knowledge is stored in early visual areas of the brain, highlighting the widespread storage of semantic memories. The study showed that part of category knowledge is already present in the visual cortex.
Researchers have measured the energy dependence of e+e- -> B-anti-B, B-anti-B* and B*-anti-B* reactions in a new energy range, providing insight into exotic Upsilon mesons. The data was collected by the Belle experiment and has the potential to shed light on the structure of highly excited states.
Researchers have developed a new method for preparing cryo-electron microscopy samples using liquid nitrogen, which cools at rates roughly 50 times slower than ethane. This results in sharper images with reduced beam-induced motion and simplified workflows.
A new VA study finds a strong connection between PTSD symptom severity and anxiety sensitivity among female Veterans who experienced military sexual trauma. Treating anxiety may ease core PTSD symptoms, suggesting anxiety sensitivity as a potential target for treatment.
A systematic review found that azithromycin reduced low birth weight and prematurity in Africa and Asia but didn't lower infant deaths or hospital admissions. The study suggests the potential benefits of this intervention on neonatal outcomes may be limited, highlighting the need for further research.
Researchers used exosomes to deliver a novel anti-HIV protein into infected mouse cells, silencing HIV replication and reducing its presence in the bone marrow, spleen, and brain. The treatment shows promise for future delivery methods for HIV and other brain diseases.
The Hastings Center Report explores the debates around crisis standards of care, which involve health care rationing. Bioethicists offer alternative approaches to preserve life-years while adhering to beneficence, respect for persons, and justice.
Research reveals hoverflies use a time-compensated sun compass to orientate during autumn migration, adjusting course based on sun's position and time of day. This navigation technique helps the insects maintain an efficient southern route despite flying on sunny days.
Researchers found that advocating for a public health position while also encouraging mindfulness helped participants comply with guidelines and sought out vaccination appointments. The study aimed to address the issue of inconsistent behavior among those who already agree with vaccines being good, but find excuses to not get vaccinated.
Researchers identified four immune markers that are elevated in SARS-CoV-2 patients in the early phase of infection but not in other viral infections. These findings could provide starting points for future therapeutic approaches and serve as comparative parameters for further studies on chronic COVID-19 forms.
A team of Montreal researchers has created a new method of bioprinting adult neuron cells using Laser-Induced Side Transfer (LIST) technology. The technique successfully prints sensory neurons, which are vital for the peripheral nervous system, and shows promise for drug discovery, disease modeling, and implant fabrication.
Research found significant discrepancies in delivery and funding of fertility preservation services across the UK, with unequal access to options for child cancer patients. Experts are calling for consistent, centralized funding to ensure all children have an equal chance to preserve their fertility after cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham discovered that humans process written words rapidly, using pre-processing judgments within 100ms, and that this activity is linked to the complexity of the word. This study has significant implications for diagnosing and training individuals with dyslexia where pre-processing is impaired.
Researchers found a higher MIND diet score associated with better memory and thinking skills, independently of Alzheimer's disease pathology. The diet may contribute to cognitive resilience in the elderly, with potential benefits for brain health.
Researchers developed a novel catalyst, Ni-Mo2C/MCM-41, for efficient conversion of jatropha oil to high-grade biofuel. The catalyst achieved an 83.9% biofuel yield, showcasing its potential for improving catalytic performance in vegetable oil conversion.
The report reveals a high risk of preventable cancers among Hispanic/Latino population, with 2-fold higher rates of liver and stomach cancers. Access to quality prevention, early detection, and treatment services is crucial for reducing the cancer burden in this population.
A study published in PAIN found that weather-related factors can affect pain tolerance, particularly for cold-induced pain. Temperature, barometric pressure, and humidity were associated with changes in pain tolerance tests, suggesting a dynamic and non-linear relationship between weather and pain.
Researchers from FAU and MIT develop a microfluidic assay to study the mechanical performance of red blood cells under hypoxic conditions. The study reveals that cyclic hypoxia can lead to mechanical degradation of the red blood cell membrane, contributing to aging.
Researchers successfully study antiferromagnetic samples using resonant magnetic scattering at a laboratory scale. The technique allows direct insights into the magnetic order of these materials, which have higher speed, stability, and energy efficiency than ferromagnets.
ORNL is increasing its efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the US agricultural sector through science-based changes in practices. The lab has discovered a single gene that can make crops more drought-tolerant and productive, while also pulling CO2 from the atmosphere.
A study published in Neuron suggests that graduate students can reduce mental health stress by creating structure in the lab with deadlines, well-defined work hours, and short-term goals. Cultivating a safe and collaborative lab culture is also crucial.
Researchers found that dough mixing vats and millstones from Roman-era ruins were made from specific rock types that improved each tool's function. The stones were sourced locally, challenging a theory that some millstones were imported from Italy.
A new guideline, AGReMA Statement, provides recommendations for researchers to describe mediation analysis in their papers. The checklist aims to improve the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of reporting mediation analyses.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo found that a hypertonic saline solution can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by up to 88% in human epithelial lung cells. The study suggests that the use of such a solution could contribute to the development of novel prophylactic interventions or treatments for COVID-19.
The European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) conference, ECNP 2021, will take place in Lisbon and online from October 2-5. Over a thousand abstracts are expected to be presented on various topics in psychiatry and neuroscience.
The New England Aquarium has selected a new cohort of eight startup companies for the BlueSwell incubator program, focusing on early-stage entrepreneurship in bluetech. The program provides direct grants and mentorship to support scalable solutions enhancing ocean health and sustainable industries.
Engineering researchers at Florida State University have discovered a new mechanism for the spontaneous formation of Onsager vortices in two-dimensional superfluids. The true explanation involves the exit of vortices from the boundary of a disk-shaped BEC, contrary to the well-accepted evaporative heating mechanism.
Researchers at the University of Colorado will test an online decision aid to improve firearm safety for caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The study aims to reduce firearm injuries and deaths while promoting older adult independence and autonomy.
A team of researchers has demonstrated how a detailed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) can mitigate against negative environmental impacts in metal mining explorations. The new approach helps identify potential 'hot-spots' before extraction operations begin, allowing geologists to select targets with lower environmental impacts.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center discovered differences in gene activity between immune cells from patients with lung cancer who responded and did not respond to immunotherapies. The findings suggest that non-responders' immune cells can be reprogrammed to act more like responders', potentially leading to new treatment...
A new study by Brigham Young University and Inha University found that diverse organizations with ethical leaders reduce conflict and racial discrimination. Ethical leaders model integrity, honesty, and respect, which employees emulate to treat others fairly.
A new study has found that consuming more dairy fat may actually be beneficial for heart health, challenging traditional dietary guidelines. The research analyzed data from over 43,000 people and found that those with higher intakes of dairy fat had a lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those with low intakes.
A Cleveland Clinic-led research team found that statistically overweight children who followed a healthy eating pattern significantly improved weight and reduced various cardiovascular disease risks. The study also showed improvements in blood pressure, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels.
Researchers will explore ways to regenerate damaged salivary glands and understand vocal fold scarring, aiming to develop new treatment options for head and neck cancer patients. The project includes creating a vocal-fold-on-a-chip model with embedded sensor technology to monitor tissue development in real-time.
A new study reveals that cancer patients worldwide face significant barriers in accessing essential medicines, with financial constraints being a major issue. The World Health Organization's Essential Medicines List is largely aligned with the top-priority cancer medicines identified by oncologists globally.
A 15-year study found that the availability of beech nuts can predict bear intrusions into human habitats. The research used numerical modeling and observed beech flowering patterns to forecast bear activity, reducing direct conflicts between humans and bears.
Researchers have developed an AI-powered platform that allows scientists to grow virtual tumors and optimize nanoparticle designs using artificial intelligence. The new EVONANO platform has the potential to improve targeted cancer treatments, enabling personalized therapies for individual patients.
Researchers at Binghamton University used thermal imaging drones to detect coastal seeps on Easter Island, finding areas where freshwater emerges from the sea. The technology allows for high-resolution images of these sources, enabling researchers to better understand how ancient communities used them to survive.
Bioengineer Kevin McHugh is developing a platform to improve the performance of injectable drugs, which often release diminishing amounts of medication over time. The goal is to create predictable, long-lasting delivery systems for better patient outcomes and reduced dosing frequency.
Researchers have developed a next-generation reservoir computing that solves complex problems in less than a second, compared to current supercomputers. The new system uses significantly fewer computing resources and less data input, making it 1 million times faster for accurate forecasts.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 proteolysis and identifies key cellular substrates with therapeutic potential. The research provides a powerful resource for developing targeted strategies to inhibit the virus, which has caused over 227 million infections and 4.6 million deaths worldwide.
Research reveals that only a few schools have gardens and woods, while most prioritize athletic fields and playgrounds. Teachers play a key role in promoting outdoor learning and play, with environmental education workshops showing promise.
Brain activity during wakefulness presents large integrated and dynamic network modules, which tend to vanish or fragment during sleep or under general anesthesia. The researchers built artificial time-evolving networks to test and benchmark algorithms for detecting these structures.
A team of researchers has developed a method to precisely modify electronic properties using ultraviolet light, enabling the creation of flexible circuits that can be used in real-time healthcare monitoring and data processing. This breakthrough technology may lead to the development of ultra-lightweight wearable healthcare devices and...
A new membrane technology has been developed at KAUST, enabling the selective separation of light hydrocarbons at low energy costs. The approach uses molecular-sieving membranes that can be synthesized continuously at room temperature and ambient pressure.
A study of 200 heart attack survivors who used a smartphone app showed that they had a 52% lower risk of hospital readmission within 30 days. The app, which tracked medication use and lifestyle changes, also motivated users to improve their quality of life.
A study by University of Utah biologists discovered a mutation in the ROR2 gene is linked to short beak length in domestic pigeons. This mutation also underlies the human disorder Robinow syndrome, which shares striking facial features with the pigeon phenotype.
Caltech researchers have developed a technique to build embryo-like structures from human stem cells, opening up new possibilities for studying early human development. The technology can generate large quantities of these structures without the need for donated embryos.
A study by Okayama University researchers validates the 'pre-emptive selfing hypothesis,' proposing self-pollination as a survival strategy for coexistence. The findings show that evolution of prior selfing favors the propagation of inferior competitive plant species, leading to long-term coexistence.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a unique optical amplifier that offers high performance, is compact enough to integrate into a chip just millimeters in size, and does not generate excess noise. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize both space and fiber communication.
Researchers found a decline in pollutant concentrations worldwide during the 2020 lockdown, particularly in Central Europe. The study attributed these reductions to the lockdown's impact on sectors like road and air transport, but noted that weather conditions also played a significant role.
A new study published in the Lancet Haematology found that children with Down syndrome are more likely to develop aggressive forms of leukemia and have a poorer prognosis. The research also identified potential differences in treatment outcomes between children with and without Down syndrome.
New experiments found that poorly mixed room air can lead to increased exposure to airborne contaminants, with occupants at risk of respiratory aerosols from others up to 5-6 times higher. Portable air cleaners using air pull-down can provide a simple solution to improve ventilation and reduce the risk.
Researchers compared COVID-19 treatment outcomes among high-risk Native American patients who received versus did not receive monoclonal antibodies. The study found significant disparities in treatment response and mortality rates among this population.
Scientists developed a machine learning method to analyze NMR data, allowing faster and more accurate analysis of proteins and chemical reactions in the human body. The method uses an artificial deep neural network to separate and analyze complex data, resulting in highly reproducible results comparable to human experts.
Scientists use statistical mechanics to explore the phenomenon of gene regulation's rhythmic changes in expression levels across the genome. They found that DNA molecules' changing shape is crucial to gene expression, potentially reconciling major theories on the topic.
A recent study published in eLife has discovered that prions, proteins known for their involvement in disease, may play a role in helping yeast cells cope with rapidly changing environmental conditions. The research found that prions can transform cell growth and survival, suggesting a new form of epigenetic control.
A study at Hiroshima University analyzed 160 pediatric liver cancer cases, identifying molecular markers that help understand treatment outcomes. The research found that ASCL2 and IGF2 production play a crucial role in the disease's development, with 'cell of origin' being a premature hepatoblast.
A new study finds that left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy increases the risk of coronary artery disease in younger survivors, with a significant increase in risk seen at 10.5% for those who received left-sided radiation therapy compared to 5.8% for right-sided.
A new study suggests that keeping reservoir levels low during droughts can exacerbate the problem and contribute to Brazil's current water and energy crisis. Storing more water in reservoirs could increase precipitation and river flow, alleviating the crisis.
A new study from Lake Magadi, Kenya, suggests that environmental fluctuations in the lake are driven by changes in Earth's orbit. The geochemical analysis of the lake sediments found high concentrations of elements like molybdenum and arsenic, which were associated with euxinic conditions during periods of intense droughts.
A study found that 73% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients developed delirium, leading to lasting cognitive impairment and increased need for skilled nursing care. The disease itself, sedatives, and inflammation can contribute to this outcome.