Articles tagged with Oxides
Birks, a renowned Boulder chemist, has won the ACS Award for Creative Advances in Environmental Science and Technology. He is developing smaller instruments to measure atmospheric gases using balloons, which may have medical benefits, such as tracking nitric oxide levels for asthma treatment.
A computer model developed by Brink found that reducing ammonia emission can increase nitrous oxide and methane emissions. The most effective measures to decrease all three emissions involve adjusting feed, improving fertiliser use, and increasing animal productivity.
The study found that conventional diesel buses produce nitrogen oxide pollutants contributing to photochemical smog and fine soot particles. Laser sensors measured pollutant levels in exhaust plumes from different bus types, revealing varying pollution problems.
A genetic variant in the NOS2 gene boosts nitric oxide levels, protecting against malaria disease. This trait explains why some people with malaria have mild symptoms and recover fully.
Researchers at Magee-Womens Research Institute found that the pregnancy hormone relaxin increases nitric oxide production in blood vessels, leading to improved blood flow. This discovery may lead to new treatments for high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases.
Medical College of Georgia researchers have discovered a biochemical scaffold that enables blood pressure to remain low and heart bypass grafts to stay open. The discovery, which contradicts previous understanding, identifies the framework for how this positive health benefit occurs.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have created the world's smallest electroluminescent light source using individual silver molecules. The technique can lead to new optical interconnects, microscopy, and lithography applications. By applying high-frequency alternating current, they observed a dramatic enhancement in response.
Scientists discover nitric oxide's active regulatory role in responding to tissue oxygen needs, enabling red blood cells to regulate blood flow. The findings explain why certain treatments fail or lead to adverse effects, offering new avenues for treating disorders such as sickle cell disease and pulmonary hypertension.
Scientists have solved the long-standing riddle of how nitroglycerin works by discovering an enzyme called mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (mALDH) that breaks down the drug. The team found that mALDH causes nitric oxide to be released from nitroglycerin, leading to tolerance in patients.
Researchers found that iron oxide minerals are effective in removing lead from water, with synthetic manganese oxides showing high efficiency. Manganese oxides, especially the Birnessite form, also adsorb lead in similar amounts to naturally occurring iron oxides.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have identified organic nitrogen oxides, previously unknown pollutants, which play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. The team's advanced detector can monitor NO compounds continuously with unprecedented sensitivity, enabling better predictions of ozone formation and air pollution impact.
Hopkins scientists advance understanding of penile erection by showing how blood vessels continuously produce nitric oxide to maintain an erection over time. The discovery offers new insights into the complex physiology of erection and potential applications for treating erectile dysfunction.
Preliminary research suggests that flavanol-rich cocoa may play a role in nitric oxide synthesis, which could have significant implications for cardiovascular health. The study compared the effects of high-flavanol and low-flavanol cocoa on blood flow and platelet aggregation.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that altering nitric oxide levels in developing tadpoles significantly affects brain size and cell number. Nitric oxide signals cells to stop proliferating, enabling specialization into distinct types.
Researchers found that a cooling vest improved MS patient symptoms by reducing muscle strength and fatigue, as well as balance. Nitric oxide levels decreased significantly in patients receiving active cooling.
Researchers found a connection between a specific gene variation and recurrent miscarriages, with women carrying the variation having a 1.6-fold increased risk of pregnancy loss. The study suggests that nitric oxide plays a mediating role in early pregnancy and may be linked to impaired placental function.
Penn State researchers studied silica layer formation on modified e-glass, discovering that it breaks up and repolymerizes during corrosion. Understanding this process could lead to stronger fibers and improved lung safety for people exposed to glass fibers.
Researchers discovered high levels of hydroxyl (OH) radical in the near-surface atmosphere over the South Pole, exceeding equatorial values. The findings suggest that glacio-chemists must be cautious when interpreting Antarctic ice cores, as changes in chemical species may continue for years after being trapped in the snowpack.
A team of researchers from Tufts University and Brigham and Women's Hospital discovered that nitric oxide plays a key role in controlling the firefly flash. The findings, published in Science, reveal how a temporary cut in mitochondrial power supply triggers the firefly's bioluminescent glow.
Red blood cells play a vital role in storing and releasing nitric oxide, a molecule that regulates blood flow and oxygen delivery. The findings could help improve understanding and treatment of diseases such as diabetes, sickle cell anemia, and high blood pressure.
A Penn State researcher explains how atmospheric chemistry can alter the composition of air, affecting environmental quality, and how pollutants like acetone and formaldehyde contribute to ozone production. The study also explores the role of nitrogen oxide in complex chemical reactions that produce hydrogen oxides.
A new study by Washington University School of Medicine found that nitrous oxide is effective in sedating young children during facial suturing, reducing anxiety and pain. The method showed fewer side effects and faster recovery time compared to traditional oral pain medication.
Researchers at University of Michigan have developed polymers that release nitric oxide gas, mimicking human endothelial cells. The polymers can be used to prevent blood clots on biomedical devices and coat implantable blood sensors for continuous vital monitoring.
Researchers at Stanford University discovered that nitric oxide gas plays a crucial role in triggering fertilization, which could lead to new treatments for infertility. The study focused on sea urchins, but the findings also have implications for human reproduction and genetic engineering.
Insulin reduces expression of molecule promoting inflammation and clogging of arteries, increasing production of vasodilator nitric oxide. The study's findings indicate insulin may have an antiatherosclerotic role, potentially protecting people at risk of CVD.
Scientists report evidence that high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides is linked to two-dimensional spin excitations, contradicting the long-held idea that stripes are responsible. This finding sheds new light on the mechanism behind this phenomenon.
Researchers found that using methane with a palladium-based catalyst can remove nearly 100% of nitric oxide from stack gases, a process considered more environmentally friendly and cost-effective than current methods. However, the sulfur dioxide present in some emissions interferes with the reaction.
Researchers found iron oxides in concrete up to an inch away from steel bars cause stress and cracking. Colored rust areas indicate metal loss from the bar, compromising its reinforcing action.
NASA scientists find that jet aircraft add a few tens of parts per trillion of nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere, increasing ozone levels. However, the impact is too small to detect, but as air traffic increases, understanding these effects becomes crucial for global climate research.
Scientists have identified a biochemical link between ancient bacteria and modern mammalian hemoglobins, revealing that nematode worms use their strong hemoglobin to destroy oxygen. This unique function may also inspire the development of new cancer therapies by starving tumors of oxygen.
Two studies by Dr. Augusto Sola explore tidal volume measurements in neonates and propose a new definition for neonatal hypoglycemia, addressing critical issues in ventilator management and blood sugar screening.
Nitric oxide is found to control cell death through its occupation of the caspase enzyme, which triggers programmed cell death. This discovery opens doors for potential therapeutic interventions in various diseases, including cancer, liver failure and immune system disorders.
A recent USGS study suggests that rivers, particularly the South Platte River in Colorado and Nebraska, are emitting high levels of nitrous oxide (N2O), a catalyst for ozone depletion. The study's findings indicate that N2O emissions from these rivers could be a major human-made source of N2O to the atmosphere.
Researchers have created a technique to map underground iron oxide layers, providing ideal habitats for microbes that can clean up heavy metals and organic chemicals. This method will help track the movement of these microbes through the earth and improve bioremediation efforts.
A combination of XPS and XRD techniques reveals complex near-surface structures of oxidized palladium alloys, showing chemically bound water and microcrystals of gold and copper. The research provides new information on the mechanical properties and adherence to dental porcelain.
Researchers have discovered a protein in bacteria that protects them from nitric oxide, a toxin produced by the immune system. This mechanism allows bacteria to survive and thrive, with implications for human health and the development of new antibiotics.
Researchers have discovered a promising approach to protecting the brain from damage during heart bypass surgery, using chemicals that inhibit nitric oxide production and reduce glutamate accumulation. Patient trials are expected to start in early 1998.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have discovered that inhaled nitric oxide can reduce formation of sickle cells in patients with sickle cell disease, potentially interrupting crises. The treatment approach could lead to long-term, outpatient care for affected individuals.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a low-temperature nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst that can be used in small production boiler systems. The catalyst, tested at temperatures between 350-400°F, shows promise in eliminating the need for high-temperature baghouse bags and reducing costs.
A new treatment with inhaled nitric oxide significantly reduced the need for surgical intervention in infants with hypoxic respiratory failure. This non-invasive alternative offers a major advance, reducing risks and costs associated with ECMO therapy.
A new study suggests that a drug that inhibits nitric oxide production may reduce the risk of brain damage during heart surgery. The study found that dogs treated with the drug showed significantly less apoptotic brain cell damage and decreased nitric oxide in the brain compared to untreated dogs.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine reveals that boosting production of the molecule arginine can restore normal blood vessel responses in people with coronary artery disease. By increasing nitric oxide production, researchers were able to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of ischemia and heart attack.
Researchers found nitric oxide plays a central role in hemoglobin's function, regulating gas exchange and blood pressure. The discovery could lead to developing the first effective blood substitute and treating diseases associated with oxygen deficiency.