Articles tagged with Oxides
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers created nanocavity-filled titanium oxide nanorods that are 25% more efficient at absorbing UVA and UVB radiation, making them ideal for sunscreen. The method involves simply heating titanate nanorods in air, transforming them into titanium oxide with regular polyhedral nanoholes.
A new study suggests that inhaling nitric oxide during liver transplantation can decrease hospital stay time and improve liver function. The authors found increased levels of nitrite in circulation, which may mediate the beneficial effects of NO inhalation.
A nationwide study led by UCSF provides evidence that inhaled nitric oxide is safe and effective in preventing chronic lung disease in very premature infants. The study found no adverse effects of inhaled nitric oxide on surfactant production or function, suggesting a potential beneficial effect.
A team of atmospheric chemists found high concentrations of halogens, including bromine and iodine oxides, which persist throughout the Antarctic winter. These chemicals cause substantial ozone depletion and form tiny particles that can impact local climate.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed graphene oxide paper with superior mechanical properties, potential applications in energy storage, and the ability to be chemically tunable. The material's unique combination of electrical insulation and controlled permeability makes it suitable for various industries.
Researchers have developed a new, biocompatible MRI contrast agent using manganese oxide nanoparticles that produces clear images of mouse brains. The agent allows for high-contrast views of brain anatomy and has potential applications in diagnosing brain diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Dr. Steven S. Gross receives the 2007 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Method to Extend Research in Time (MERIT) Award for his work on nitric oxide and its role in vascular complications of diabetes. The $2.5 million grant will support research into potential pharmaceutical targets.
Researchers discovered that nitric oxide and its derivatives, SNOs, control the functionality of beta adrenergic receptors in heart failure and asthma. The study found that these receptors can become desensitized over time, leading to reduced medication efficacy.
Researchers have developed a prototype nanogenerator that produces continuous direct-current electricity by harvesting mechanical energy from environmental sources. The device uses arrays of vertically-aligned zinc oxide nanowires to generate power, which could be used to power nanometer-scale devices such as biosensors and robots.
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered that iron oxide nanoparticles can be toxic to nerve cells and interfere with their signal-transmitting extensions. The nanoparticles were initially investigated as a possible way to manipulate nerve cells remotely with magnetic force.
A study published in JAMA found that tilarginine, a medication believed to benefit cardiogenic shock patients after a heart attack, had no effect on mortality rates. The trial tested the drug's efficacy in 398 patients and showed no difference in 30-day death rates between those who received tilarginine and placebo.
The research team created field-effect transistors, diodes, sensors, and current-producing nanogenerators by bending zinc oxide nanowires and nanobelts. These devices take advantage of the relationship between mechanical and electronic coupled behavior in piezoelectric nanomaterials, enabling novel applications.
A new study finds that tanshinone IIA, an active ingredient in the Chinese herb danshen, significantly reduces blood pressure in hamsters. The treatment also enhances expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and increases production of nitric oxide.
Engineers at UC San Diego synthesized p-type zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoscale cylinders, which transport positive charges and could pave the way for an inexpensive new kind of light emitting diode (LED). The development of these semiconducting materials may lead to more efficient LEDs and a wider range of nanodevices.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine discover that sildenafil and other erectile dysfunction drugs can unmask cancer cells, allowing the immune system to recognize and attack them. The study found that these drugs reduce tumor size in mice with colon and breast tumors by increasing nitric oxide levels.
A single dose of sildenafil prevented rebound pulmonary hypertension and reduced mechanical ventilation time in ICU infants undergoing nitric oxide withdrawal. The study found significant benefits for the sildenafil group, with a total ICU stay of 47.8 hours compared to 189 hours for placebo recipients.
Researchers found evidence that nitric oxide signaling may be responsible for overproduction in RA patients. The study suggests a new perspective on the disease's cause and could offer insights into other autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have found that a neurotransmitter pathway in the skin, involving substance P and its related receptor, may play a key role in temperature regulation. By blocking this pathway, they found reduced blood flow to the skin, suggesting more than one mechanism is involved in regulating body temperature.
Researchers at Cardiff University have found a link between low nitric oxide levels and increased risk of heart attack and stroke in patients taking NSAIDs. Lower nitric oxide levels may make individuals more susceptible to cardiovascular side effects from these medications.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new, eco-friendly way to produce iron by molten oxide electrolysis (MOE), which eliminates greenhouse gases and generates only oxygen. The process has the potential to increase iron productivities up to 10 times that of aluminum production.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital found that increasing nitric oxide production in the basal forebrain can induce sleep. Blocking this pathway with drugs or scavenging nitric oxide may help prolong wakefulness.
The Mayo Clinic has discovered an asthma diagnostic test that can accurately predict a patient's response to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic cough. The exhaled nitric oxide test measures inflammation in the lungs' bronchial tubes, showing promise as a more accurate and efficient alternative to methacholine challenge testing.
Researchers found that nitric oxide enhances communication between the thalamus and cortex, allowing for more complex brain operations. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of major brain disorders such as schizophrenia and attention deficit disorder.
Gold nanoclusters can be activated as catalysts with thin magnesium oxide films, even in defect-free conditions. The study reveals that the film's thickness influences the cluster's structure and dimensionality.
Researchers at Cornell University found that the distribution of paired electrons in a common high-temperature superconductor was disorderly, but the distribution of phonons was also disorderly. This suggests that a similar mechanism may be responsible for high-temperature superconductivity.
The study found that inhaled nitric oxide reduced the risk of chronic lung disease in premature infants by 7.1 percentage points at 36 weeks. Lung disease was also less severe in treated infants, with shorter hospitalizations and less need for mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a technique to coat implants with zinc or titanium oxide nanosurfaces, significantly reducing bacterial growth and promoting bone growth. The new method has the potential to lead to safer, longer-lasting implants for millions of Americans undergoing joint replacements.
Researchers have developed tiny carriers, called gadolinium oxide nanoparticles, that can target tumors for improved imaging. These nanoparticles could enhance the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors and other cancers by reducing toxic effects of chemotherapy.
Scientists have discovered a new method to stabilize ferroelectricity in nanostructures using fragments of water, leading to ultra-dense memory storage devices with unprecedented capacities. This breakthrough could enable the creation of storage devices small enough to hold massive amounts of data, such as music or video libraries.
Researchers have developed nanogenerators that can convert mechanical energy into electricity, opening up possibilities for battery-free implants, sensors, and portable electronics. The devices use zinc oxide nanowires to produce current through the piezoelectric effect.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a method to synthesize high-quality cerium oxide nanotubes, which release oxygen ions when immersed in low-oxygen environments. This process is critical for the nanotubes' effectiveness as catalysts.
The Rice University team created nanorice particles with improved properties for chemical sensing and biological imaging. The particles, made of non-conducting iron oxide and metallic shell, offer greater structural tunability than previous optically useful shapes.
A recent study found that the hypertension drug nebivolol can restore the balance between nitric oxide and oxidative stress, potentially correcting problems associated with high blood pressure. The researchers used nanosensors to test levels of nitric oxide in single cells from donors of various ethnic backgrounds.
Researchers investigated the role of diatom-derived aldehydes as 'infochemicals' regulating population dynamics. Low doses induced resistance, while high concentrations triggered cell death, suggesting a stress surveillance system that determines phytoplankton community fitness and succession.
A team from University of Wisconsin-Madison has shown that when the surface of nanoscale silicon is specially cleaned, it facilitates current flow in thin layers that ordinarily won't conduct. Conductivity at the nanoscale is independent of added impurities.
A study by UF researchers reveals that diabetic patients' cells have difficulty repairing damaged blood vessels due to low nitric oxide levels. The team found a way to improve the cells' movement and repair ability using nitric oxide, opening up possibilities for new treatments.
Researchers have found that common bacteria can exploit a natural mechanism to get inside cells, using receptors and nitric oxide to evade the immune system. By controlling dynamin activity through inhibition of nitric oxide synthases, new methods to prevent infections may be developed.
The study found that epicatechin, a flavanol present in cocoa, is directly linked to improved circulation and other hallmarks of cardiovascular health. Volunteers from the Kuna Indians, who consume large amounts of flavanol-rich cocoa, had higher levels of urinary nitric oxide compared to their mainland counterparts.
A Dartmouth study suggests that microbes interacting with iron oxides in landfills contribute to arsenic levels in drinking water. The researchers analyzed data from the Coakley Landfill and found a correlation between organic waste degradation and increased arsenic concentrations.
Researchers use high-resolution transmission electron microscope to study interactions at solid-liquid interfaces, observing density fluctuations and atom ordering in liquid aluminium. The findings suggest that crystals can induce the ordering of atoms in liquids, even in metal-ceramic systems at high temperatures.
Researchers at Medical College of Georgia have found that inhaling nitric oxide gas can help normalize a sickle cell patient's hemoglobin by restoring its natural charge and shape. This may prevent unhealthy clustering of hemoglobin S molecules and improve oxygen delivery to the body.
A study in children with moderate to severe allergic asthma found that measuring nitric oxide levels in the breath can determine the most effective inhaled corticosteroid dose. The results showed a significant reduction in inflammation level compared to symptom-based treatment. Additionally, an increase in a specific stem cell subtype ...
Portal hypertension affects blood flow into the liver, causing high pressure that can lead to bleeding and death. Researchers identified a cellular mechanism leading to reduced nitric oxide production, which can be restored by reducing GRK2 protein production.
The MRSEC research program will focus on oxide materials and their interfaces, exploring new electronic, magnetic, and chemical behavior. The Center aims to increase diversity in STEM fields and provide educational opportunities for students of all levels.
Scientists discovered a bacterial defense mechanism that reduces nitric oxide levels in response to the toxin, allowing bacteria to fend off the body's defenses. The NorR protein plays a crucial role in this process, and researchers hope to develop new antibiotics by disrupting this mechanism.
A recent study suggests that flavanol-rich cocoa drinks can significantly improve blood vessel function in smokers, potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. The researchers observed increases in nitric oxide levels and blood vessel responses after consumption of flavanol-rich drinks.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new nuclear fuel that conducts heat better than conventional fuels, promising to be safer and last longer. The fuel is made by interlacing uranium oxide with beryllium oxide, which increases thermal conductivity by 50%, reducing the risk of catastrophic accidents and allowing for more e...
Researchers have created a new zinc oxide nanostructure resembling DNA's helical configuration, which could provide a building block for nanodevices. The 'nanohelix' structure is part of a family of nanobelts with semiconducting and piezoelectric properties.
Researchers found that exposing egg cells to nitric oxide can slow the hardening of their outer shells and increase the release of cortical granules, potentially extending their fertilizable time window. This could lead to improved fertility in women and reduce the risk of chromosomal abnormalities during early embryonic development.
A research team has found a strong relationship between polymer reactivity and nanoparticle size, shape, and morphology. They discovered that strongly interacting polymers produce smaller, pyramid-shaped particles, while weakly interacting polymers yield larger, spherical particles.
Researchers have discovered a super sulfur soaker material, cryptomelane, that can capture high amounts of sulfur dioxide. The material maintains its capacity even under extreme conditions and can protect nitrogen oxides traps from degradation.
Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have discovered a low-temperature sulfur oxides absorbent, silver hollandite, that maintains its catalytic activity even when aging. This inexpensive catalyst has the potential to reduce diesel emissions.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a potential new target for treating vascular disease by inhibiting the protein kinase Akt1. The study found that Akt1 plays a crucial role in the formation of new blood vessels, which is essential for improving blood flow to muscles during exercise.
Researchers found that increased levels of O-GlcNAc, a simple sugar present in high blood sugar circumstances, interfere with the chain of events needed to achieve and maintain erection. This can lead to permanent penile impairment over time.
A study found that psychological stress delays wound healing by up to 45% due to impaired cell differentiation and reduced oxygen levels. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy eliminated this delay, as it restored nitric oxide levels necessary for healing.
A new study found that inhaling small amounts of carbon monoxide after transplant surgery can prevent the development of a lethal inflammatory reaction in mice. This could lead to a new treatment regimen for human patients, preventing complications such as obliterative bronchiolitis and improving their chances of survival.
Research by Prado shows that Viagra affects plant pollen tube behavior, blocking re-orientation in response to NO. NO may serve as a safeguard mechanism to prevent dual fertilization in plants.
A new study by Stanford/Packard researchers found that nitric oxide has varying effects on premature infants. Infants weighing over 1,000 grams benefited from the treatment, with a decreased likelihood of death or long-term lung damage. In contrast, those under 2 pounds experienced higher brain hemorrhage and mortality rates.
A new study found that inhaled nitric oxide significantly improved brain development in premature infants, with only 24% experiencing delayed mental development or disabilities compared to 46% of those who received standard treatment. The therapy has the potential to become standard for about 30,000 children a year.
New research reveals that nitrogen oxide emissions from soil are much greater than expected, totaling over 40 million metric tons annually, and surpassing fossil fuel combustion by up to 70%