Articles tagged with Oxides
Researchers found a strong link between climate and air pollution in Gothenburg, where extreme cold air from Siberia leads to high nitrogen oxide concentrations. The study, published in Atmospheric Environment, shows that air quality standards were exceeded more frequently during negative NAO phases.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University developed a technique to create graphene oxide films with adjustable surface roughness, leading to the creation of super-hydrophobic and super-hydrophilic surfaces. This could lead to applications in self-cleaning glasses, antifogging surfaces, corrosion protection, and more.
Scientists will launch two NASA sounding rockets to study the Whirlpool Galaxy and measure nitric oxide in the upper atmosphere. The launches are scheduled for January 26 and January 30, with researchers using ultraviolet instruments to capture images of distant galaxies and stars.
Scientists have made silicon oxide, a long-regarded electric insulator, act like a switch, allowing it to participate in electronic processes that power cell phones and computers. This breakthrough could lead to the development of smaller and more powerful computer chips.
Researchers have identified PPAR alpha and gamma as key signaling elements in remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC), a powerful form of cardioprotection that can reduce myocardial infarct size by up to 50%. The activation of these nuclear receptors is linked to the production of nitric oxide, a well-established preconditioning-mimetic.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found a new farming method that significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions while increasing corn grain production. The method, called strip tillage, involves tilling fields in strips and applying fertilizer in bands, resulting in lower nitrous oxide emissions and higher yields.
Researchers from UNH found nitrous oxide emissions from global rivers and streams to be three times previous estimates, with waterways contributing significantly to human-caused nitrous oxide emissions. The study highlights the need for continued scientific research on drivers of climate change and potential solutions to reduce emissions.
A Michigan State University study found that rivers and streams are a significant source of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, contributing twice as much as previously estimated. The increased production can be linked to nitrogen fertilizers and crop cultivation, highlighting the need for reduced agricultural fertilizer use.
Marine scientists found that ocean acidification decreases nitrification rates globally, which could lead to reduced nitrous oxide emissions. This decrease may also shift the available form of dissolved nitrogen in surface oceans, favoring certain plant species.
Researchers found that global river networks are the source of at least 10% of human-caused nitrous oxide emissions to the atmosphere, three times the IPCC estimate. Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas contributing to climate change and stratospheric ozone destruction.
A new national study reveals that streams and rivers produce significantly higher greenhouse gas emissions than previously estimated, with nitrous oxide emissions from river networks making up at least 10 percent of human-caused emissions. This research highlights the importance of effective mitigation strategies to reduce nitrogen inp...
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame discovered that streams and rivers are a significant source of nitrous oxide emission, a potent greenhouse gas. The study found that human activities such as fertilizer use and sewage discharges increase nitrogen levels in waterways, leading to higher nitrous oxide production rates.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have created the world's smallest battery using a single tin oxide nanowire anode, which nearly doubles in length during charging. The discovery provides new insights into lithium batteries and could improve power and energy density.
Researchers at UC Davis and MIT used synchrotron radiation to show how nitric oxide breaks down iron-sulfur clusters in proteins, a vital process for all living organisms. The study provides insights into nitric oxide toxicity and could lead to new antimicrobial agents.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed nanogenerators that can harness mechanical energy from the environment to power small electronic devices. The devices, which use an array of tiny nanowires, can generate up to three volts and 300 nanoamps, enough to drive commercial displays, light-emitting diodes, and laser diodes.
Researchers at HZB observed exotic behavior in beryllium oxide when bombarded with high-speed heavy ions, causing electrons to forget material properties. The results show changes in electronic structure and ultra-fast melting processes around the firing line of the heavy ions.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have discovered molecular hooks on Graphene Oxide that enable precise imaging and analysis of molecules using transmission electron microscopes. These hooks allow for high-contrast imaging and the study of molecule interactions with supporting graphene.
A study of 18 patients with sickle cell disease found that inhaling nitric oxide for four hours reduced pain control compared to standard self-administered morphine. Nitric oxide may help restore hemoglobin's natural shape and charge, addressing the root cause of pain.
A team at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has demonstrated methods to harness electronic oxides for broad applications in nanoelectronic devices. The new process allows the formation of structures that put different oxide layers on top of a silicon substrate, enabling the creation of conducting nanowires and tiny transistors.
Researchers found that oxygen therapy can increase peroxynitrite levels in the lungs, leading to inflammation, hemorrhaging, and swelling. A new compound, peptide 326, has been developed to interfere with this process, offering hope for reducing lung damage.
A new catalyst formula, developed by Rice Professor Michael Wong and his team, can improve the efficiency of gasoline production and make it better for the environment. The catalyst turns straight-line molecules into branched n-pentane, resulting in a higher-octane gasoline.
The researchers have developed a new class of electronic logic device using strain-gated transistors fabricated on a flexible polymer substrate, enabling logic operations powered by mechanical action. The devices can be combined to create self-powered, autonomous systems with memory, processing, and sensing capabilities.
Researchers at Rice University have developed the first two-terminal memory chips using only silicon, which can be easily adapted to nanoelectronic manufacturing techniques. The new technology features high on-off ratios, excellent endurance and fast switching times, making it suitable for military and NASA applications.
A team of scientists is investigating the role of endothelin in salt excretion to develop new antihypertensive therapies. They are studying rats deficient in B receptors, which can lead to unbalanced salt levels and hypertension.
New research from North Carolina State University reveals that fertilizer chemicals can be converted into toxic nitric oxide by water fleas, causing developmental and reproductive problems. The study's findings raise concerns about the impact of these chemicals on other organisms and highlight the need for further research.
A dietary supplement boosting nitric oxide levels can significantly improve stamina and allow athletes to exercise up to 20% longer. The study suggests a 1-2% improvement in race times, which may be the difference between winning and losing at elite levels.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution find that increasing pressure can induce higher transition temperatures in superconductors, challenging current materials. The discovery opens a new path to designing and engineering high-temperature superconductors.
Thin films of europium titanate become both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic when stretched across a substrate, displaying electrical properties 1,000 times better than existing materials. This breakthrough could lead to the development of next-generation memory storage, magnetic sensors, and highly tunable microwave devices.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new approach to overcome the fundamental limitation of metamaterials, which could enable breakthroughs in transformation optics. By placing dye between two layers of silver, they were able to amplify light and reduce absorption, promising applications such as ultra-powerful microscopes,...
Professor Minoru Tomozawa has developed a new technique using infrared spectroscopy to determine the fictive temperature of glass, enabling more accurate prediction of its properties. This breakthrough has significant implications for glass manufacturers and researchers alike.
A long-term study found that biochar can reduce nitrous oxide emissions by up to 73% and ammonium leaching by up to 94%, with reductions occurring over time due to 'ageing' of the biochars in soil. The research highlights the potential of biochar as a tool to mitigate climate change.
Researchers have developed a new method to create nanostructured surfaces using polystyrene spheres and zinc oxide, which can efficiently absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity. The 'sea-urchin'-shaped structures
The new sewage treatment process uses low-oxygen conditions to encourage nitrous oxide production, which can be used as fuel. This approach could reduce costs and increase energy generation while eliminating greenhouse gas emissions.
A randomized controlled trial found that nitric oxide treatment did not improve overall survival or reduce poor lung development in preterm infants. However, black babies showed a higher survival rate compared to non-black babies. The study suggests that ethnic origin may affect the response to nitric oxide treatment.
Researchers have developed a new form of paper that can fight disease-causing bacteria, with potential applications in anti-bacterial bandages, food packaging, and shoe materials. The material, composed of graphene oxide, shows superior antibacterial effects with minimal impact on human cells.
Researchers found that nanoparticles of zinc oxide are twice as toxic to colon cells as conventional zinc oxide. The study's results suggest that accidental ingestion of sunscreen products could lead to toxicity in humans.
Graphene oxide exhibits surfactant behavior like soap and shampoo chemicals, dispersing in water and filtering by size. This property has potential applications for carbon nanotube dispersion and graphene device fabrication.
Researchers have developed a one-step process to create nanowires and tune electronic properties of reduced graphene oxide, turning it into a conducting material. This breakthrough could lead to faster and more power-efficient electronics.
Researchers discovered that the key signaling molecule nitric oxide is crucial for maintaining the number of collateral vessels and their growth into natural bypass vessels. The study found that a lack of nitric oxide impairs collateral remodeling, which can lead to reduced blood flow and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
A research team led by the University of Georgia has discovered a previously unreported chemical mechanism for nitrous oxide production in Antarctic Don Juan Pond. The discovery could help space scientists understand the Martian nitrogen cycle and develop sensors to detect brines on Mars.
A new material, vanadium oxide, has been integrated with silicon chips to create 'smart sensors' that can respond quickly in extreme conditions. This technology allows for the development of infrared sensors for military and security applications.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have identified a new class of silver-based catalysts for producing propylene oxide with few by-products at low temperatures. The study uses nanoscale clusters of silver to achieve high selectivity and efficiency in the production process.
Researchers have developed self-powered nanometerscale sensing devices that can measure pH levels or detect ultraviolet light using electrical current generated from mechanical energy. The devices use improved nanogenerators with zinc oxide nanowires, enabling flexible and low-cost fabrication on various substrates.
Increased frequency and intensity of oxygen-deprived 'dead zones' along the world's coasts contribute to climate change by emitting nitrous oxide into the atmosphere, exacerbating global warming. The production of nitrous oxide in these waters can lead to ozone holes and increased UV radiation exposure.
A research team at Oregon Health & Science University has discovered that nitric oxide is a powerful regulator of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a molecule involved in the development and function of the nervous system. This finding could play a significant role in preventing and treating high blood pressure.
Scientists found nitryl chloride levels comparable to those in marine air near Boulder, Colo., indicating a global source of the pollutant. Chloride from coal burning and other non-coastal areas may contribute to smog formation.
Scientists have created a bandage that slowly releases nitric oxide, increasing blood flow in laboratory rats. The technology has potential applications for treating diabetic patients and preserving donated organs, suggesting improved outcomes in both conditions.
Researchers have fabricated a near-frictionless diamond material that is 3,000 times more wear-resistant at the nanoscale than silicon. This discovery has significant implications for atomic imaging, probe-based data storage, and emerging applications like nanolithography and nanometrology.
A recent study suggests that nitric oxide synthase inhibition may be a promising approach to treating neonatal meningitis caused by Escherichia coli K1. The research found that inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase enhanced phagocytosis of the bacteria, reducing pathogen load and brain damage.
A UCI study found that urban 'green' spaces, including lawns, can emit more greenhouse gases than they absorb through photosynthesis and soil storage. Turfgrass management practices like fertilizer use, mowing, and leaf blowing contribute to significant emissions.
Researchers from Purdue University and Cummins Inc. developed an advanced engine-control system to reduce biodiesel fuel consumption and emissions. The system uses closed-loop control techniques to self-adjust engine settings based on feedback from sensors, improving fuel economy while minimizing nitrogen oxide emissions.
A UCI study found that urban green spaces, particularly lawns, can actually contribute to global warming through greenhouse gas emissions from fertilizer production, mowing, and other maintenance practices. The study suggests that these emissions outweigh the carbon sequestration benefits of lawns.
Scientists have developed a new bandage that slowly releases nitric oxide, increasing blood flow and regulating body functions. The material is made from zeolites embedded in a water-repellent polymer and has potential applications in therapeutic socks for diabetic patients and organ preservation.
Researchers at VIB and Ghent University discovered that inducing nitric oxide release in mice with septic shock significantly reduces organ damage and increases survival chances. The findings challenge the long-held assumption that nitric oxide is responsible for the condition's severity.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have developed a process to recover significant quantities of rare-earth oxides from titanium dioxide minerals in industrial waste. The new method could make green technologies more accessible and reduce reliance on China's dominant supply of these resources.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that adding ethyl nitrite to carbon dioxide gas used in laparoscopy preserves normal blood flow and organ function. The use of ENO could improve outcomes and reduce recovery time by increasing nitric oxide bioactivity.
Researchers at TUM have developed a probe to take samples directly from the combustion chamber while running, aiming to discover soot formation methods and develop new emissions control techniques. The engine produces barely measurable nitrogen oxides and soot particles per kilometer, surpassing Euro 6 Norm standards.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new type of three-dimensional photovoltaic system using zinc oxide nanostructures grown on optical fibers. The approach allows PV systems to be hidden from view, providing an alternative to traditional rooftop installations.
Researchers at Kansas State University have created 'gold snowflakes' on graphene, improving its electrical properties. These nanostars can be used to functionalize DNA and enhance sensitivity. The discovery shows promise for biological devices and electronics.
The study shows that aluminum atoms in the supporting material anchor platinum atoms, allowing them to group into rafts that provide ample space for catalytic reactions. Increasing the number of penta sites by raising the temperature during catalyst synthesis can lead to better dispersion of the platinum atoms.