Articles tagged with Oxides
Electron mobility in iron oxide is crucial for understanding chemical reaction mechanisms, including uranium groundwater reactions and low-cost solar energy devices. The study reveals the rates of electron transport vary depending on iron oxide structure, with rates ranging from a single hop to five hops per nanosecond.
A recent study by CSIRO and Australian Maritime College reveals that ship engine exhaust emissions account for over a quarter of nitrogen oxide emissions in the Australian region. These non-greenhouse gases can affect air quality near coastal regions and have consequences for human health and amenity.
Soybeans grown in soil contaminated with zinc oxide or cerium oxide nanoparticles show reduced crop yield and quality. The nanoparticles can accumulate in the plants, affecting food quality and potentially requiring increased use of synthetic fertilizers.
Researchers have developed a material that catalyzes the burning of methane 30 times better than currently available catalysts. The discovery could lead to a cleaner and cheaper way of generating energy from natural gas, potentially reducing emissions of powerful greenhouse gas.
Researchers from Brown University and ATMI Inc. report the best-ever transparency and conductivity performance for an ITO made using a chemical solution, potentially offering a low-cost method for manufacturers. The team created conductive films with 93% transparency and comparable conductivity to glass plates.
Scientists successfully grow nanorods of zinc oxide on a thin layer of polydiethylflourene, creating white LEDs that can be printed on paper or wallpaper for display purposes. This breakthrough method uses chemical methods and has the potential to enable mass production of flexible electronics.
Researchers have discovered a triboelectric generator that can produce small amounts of electricity from motion, using flexible polymer materials. The device can be used to supplement power produced by nanogenerators and may offer a new way to create active sensors for touch-sensitive devices.
University of Granada researchers develop melatonin analogues to inhibit nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme, which is involved in neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The new substances show promising pharmacological properties, including enhanced efficiency over melatonin.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have developed a new sensor that can detect organic contaminants in water at very low concentrations. The sensor uses silver nanoparticles and graphene oxide films, allowing for side-selective deposition of metal ions.
A team of researchers at UCSC has developed a photoactive compound that releases nitric oxide when exposed to light, eradicating highly resistant 'Iraqibacter' bacteria. The treatment was tested in laboratory models and showed promising results.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that hydrogen availability significantly affects graphene oxide's properties, which can be controlled through chemical and thermal treatments. Understanding this control is crucial for realizing potential applications, such as nano-electronics and energy storage.
The new handbook provides a common scientific basis for nanoparticle testing, standardizing procedures and analytical methods. It aims to improve the comparability of research results and address concerns about nanoparticle toxicity.
Researchers at University College London have developed a new silicon oxide-based 'Resistive RAM' memory chip that can operate in ambient conditions, offering significantly greater memory storage and reduced energy consumption. The chip promises to be much faster than current technology, with potential applications beyond memory storage.
Purdue researchers create new metamaterials by replacing traditional metals with aluminum-doped zinc oxide, offering improved performance and semiconductor compatibility. This breakthrough enables the development of ultra-powerful microscopes, advanced sensors, and more efficient solar collectors.
Researchers have detailed the signaling pathway from nitric oxide to biofilm formation in bacteria, which may aid in developing new treatments targeting biofilms. The study reveals a complex system of response regulators controlling biofilm formation.
A new treatment for argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA) has been discovered through nitric oxide supplementation. The study found long-term heart and neuropsychological improvements in mice and humans afflicted with ASA, a genetic metabolic disorder that causes ammonia accumulation and liver and nervous system damage.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Brendan Lee discovered a treatment that bypasses the enzyme deficiency causing argininosuccinic aciduria, allowing patients to receive nitric oxide through medication. This breakthrough has shown promise for treating similar conditions in hypertensive teens and individuals with organ damage.
Researchers at UWM create a semiconducting material called graphene monoxide (GMO) from graphene oxide, which could revolutionize electronics. The discovery pushes carbon materials closer to replacing traditional wires in devices.
Researchers use infrared spectroscopy to study processes at surfaces of oxides used as catalysts, finding oxygen defects act as active centers and increase catalytic activity. The method allows for precise measurements of vibration frequencies, revealing defect densities in real catalyst powders.
Researchers have generated a 65-year record of Southern Hemisphere nitrous oxide measurements to better understand the long-lived greenhouse gas's impact on climate and stratospheric ozone depletion. The study found a 20% increase in atmospheric nitrous oxide since 1750, largely attributed to agricultural sources.
A study by University of California, Berkeley chemists links increased fertilizer use to nitrous oxide rise, a major greenhouse gas contributing to global climate change. The study uses nitrogen isotope data to identify the fingerprint of fertilizer use in archived air samples from Antarctica and Tasmania.
Rice University researchers have developed a transparent memory chip using silicon oxide, which can combine with transparent electrodes and integrated circuits. The technology has the potential to create flexible and transparent electronics, such as see-through cellphones.
Researchers have developed transparent, flexible memory chips with high radiation resistance and stability. These '3-D' chips can pack extra gigabytes of data while taking up less space, making them suitable for next-generation flash-competitive memory.
Researchers developed functional oxide thin films for efficient electronics, creating a new field of oxide electronics. This innovation enables high-power devices and smart sensors by overcoming the limitations of silicon-based electronics.
Researchers at the University of Manchester discovered graphene oxide membranes that can selectively remove water while blocking other substances, potentially leading to new applications in filtration and separation
A new study clarifies the crystal structure of quinol dependent nitric oxide reductase (qNOR), a key enzyme in anaerobic respiration. The findings reveal a proton transfer pathway in qNOR, suggesting an evolutionary link to the proton pump found in aerobic organisms.
Researchers at UCSB have discovered the optical transparency limits of transparent conducting oxides, essential for efficient optoelectronic devices. They found that tin dioxide weakly absorbs visible light, making it useful as a transparent contact, but absorption increases with ultraviolet and infrared light.
Researchers from Sandia, Manchester, and Bristol have made direct measurements of a gas-phase Criegee intermediate using photoionization mass spectrometry. The study provides new insight into the reactivity of these transient molecules, which are implicated in autoignition chemistry and atmospheric reactants.
Scientists have discovered a new kind of metal in iron oxide at extreme depths, challenging previous assumptions about its behavior. The findings suggest that iron oxide can be both an insulator and a highly conducting metal depending on temperature and pressure conditions.
Researchers create square arrays of highly reproductive three-dimensional silicon oxide nanodots in seconds, opening the door for biosensors and genomics applications. They used atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition to achieve precise ordering of nanodots on an array.
Researchers at National University of Singapore discovered a collective electronic state not seen before in insulating oxides, exhibiting ferromagnetism. This is achieved through the interface of two materials, enabling novel electronic phases stabilized by the interface.
A study by NTU researchers found that nano-sized Zinc Oxide particles may cause DNA damage, activate p53 protein and lead to cancerous cells. The team's findings suggest reassessment of the health impact of these particles in everyday products.
Researchers propose a new explanation for electrical conductivity at polar-nonpolar oxides, suggesting that atomic mixing and rearrangement occurs at the interface. They found that lanthanum and chromium crossed over to the nonpolar side in equal amounts, making conduction impossible.
Researchers used zinc oxide microwires to enhance the efficiency of LEDs by creating a piezoelectric potential that tunes charge transport and carrier injection. The devices showed significant improvement in emission intensity and injection current.
A recent study found that smoking a single cigarette can lead to a significant reduction in airway inflammation markers, emphasizing the negative impact of even one cigarette. Researchers developed a computer-aided model predicting smoking cessation success by treatment type, showing nicotine replacement therapy is most effective.
A study of young adults found that smoking a single cigarette increases airway tissue concentration of nitric oxide by 26%, while decreasing fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels by 15.6%. This reduction can significantly impair health in this age group.
Researchers at Rice University have made a groundbreaking discovery by creating giant flakes of graphene oxide that form a gel-like liquid crystal in water. This alignment enables the creation of metamaterials with unique mechanical and electronic properties, as well as high-strength fibers with enhanced properties.
Researchers have engineered a highly ordered version of a magnetic oxide compound, revealing the influence of electrons near additional lanthanum layers. The study provides crucial insights into the emerging field of oxide spintronics and its potential for fast memory devices with reduced power consumption.
A recent study found that drugs promoting nitric oxide production may improve recovery in critically ill patients with low oxygen levels. NO is produced by virtually every cell and serves important functions including blood pressure regulation, learning, and memory formation.
Researchers have solved the molecular mechanism of anammox, a crucial pathway in the nitrogen cycle that converts ammonia to nitrogen without oxygen. The study reveals the role of hydrazine and nitric oxide as intermediates, shedding light on how this process occurs.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a new way to decrease zinc oxide's thermal conductivity without reducing its electrical conductivity by adding aluminum. This innovation could lead to new technologies for harvesting waste heat and creating energy-efficient systems, such as cars, aircraft, and power plants.
A new material made of carbon nanotubes provides a cost-efficient alternative to current technology, boosting the long-term viability of solar power. The material's mechanical flexibility enables integration into fabrics and clothing, paving the way for portable energy supplies.
A study found that expressing nitrous oxide emissions per unit of crop yield, rather than on a more conventional per area basis, produced significantly different results. Emissions were 52% higher under no-till compared to conventional tillage for the same amount of grain.
Researchers found that wastewater recycling plants emit significantly more nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, due to dense populations of bacteria. Despite this, they argue that wastewater recycling remains an essential component of urban water resources.
A study published in Nature journal has identified the structure of the enzyme that decomposes nitrous oxide, a harmful climate gas with a 300 times stronger impact than carbon dioxide. The discovery provides insight into the decomposition mechanism and its dependence on environmental conditions, which may help prevent N2O emissions.
Researchers are working to improve lung function in babies with heart defects by boosting the recycling system that enables blood vessels to handle excess blood volume. They've found that a key enzyme is insufficiently energized, and PPAR agonists may provide the necessary boost.
Researchers have developed piezoelectric resistive switching devices that use zinc oxide nanowires to control memory cells through electromechanical modulation. The devices can detect electronic signals from mechanical actions in the biological world, enabling a new way to interface biology and electronics.
Researchers have found a new target for nitric oxide's antimicrobial actions, which disrupts Salmonella's metabolism and prevents its growth. The discovery sheds light on the body's natural defenses against infection and may lead to the development of new broad-spectrum antimicrobials.
Soil microbes release more methane and nitrous oxide when atmospheric carbon dioxide increases, counteracting the cooling effects of plant growth. This feedback loop suggests that nature is not as efficient in slowing global warming as previously thought.
Researchers have developed a new semiconductor nanowire laser technology that can potentially kill viruses, increase storage capacity of DVDs, and provide superfast data processing. The discovery uses p-type zinc oxide nanowires, which can offer smaller sizes, lower costs, and higher powers.
Researchers have discovered a surprising molecular pathway in skin cells that produces nitric oxide, a versatile signaling molecule involved in wound-healing and temperature-sensation. This alternative process could lead to better drugs for treating wounds.
Researchers discovered a 40-meter trench containing iron oxide extracted by the Huentelauquen people 12,000 years ago. The site indicates complex cultural practices and transmission of knowledge through generations.
Researchers have developed a new technique to improve artificial photosynthesis by using cuprous oxide coated with a thin film of atoms, enabling the production of hydrogen from water. The process utilizes widely available materials and can be easily scaled up for industrial fabrication.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine identified the role of nitric oxide in protecting the heart from injury. Exercise boosts levels of an enzyme that produces nitric oxide, which is stored in the bloodstream and heart as nitrite and nitrosothiols.
A New Zealand study found that adding biochar to soil can decrease nitrous oxide emissions from grazing animals' urine by up to 70%. The incorporation of biochar also alters nitrogen transformations and reduces ammonia formation, leading to lower nitrate concentrations.
Researchers found that supplementing rats with nitrate before vessel injury limited damage, while a diet low in nitrate exacerbated it. The study suggests that leafy green diets may benefit vascular health through nitric oxide production.
Ruhul Abid's groundbreaking research reveals that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a beneficial role in activating eNOS and maintaining coronary vasodilation, challenging the long-held notion of ROS being harmful. The discovery has potential implications for the development of therapeutic modalities for vascular diseases.
A new study found that biochar can significantly reduce nitrous oxide emissions from intensive grazing systems. The research, conducted in New Zealand, showed a 70% decrease in nitrous oxide fluxes when biochar was added to the soil. This effect was attributed to reduced ammonia formation and its adsorption onto biochar.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that daily magnesium oxide treatment significantly increases serum magnesium concentrations in children with functional constipation. However, the magnitude of the increase appears modest, and younger age may be a relative risk factor for hypermagnesemia.
Researchers found that graphene oxide's solubility is not as expected, with most oxygen content being loosely bound and easily removable by a wash with base. The study reveals that models for graphene oxide structure need revisiting, affecting synthesis and application of chemically modified graphene.