Articles tagged with Material Properties
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new method of microscale 3D printing allows switching between materials of different modulus without cross contamination, enabling programmable morphing and morphing capability in various applications such as aircraft wing structures and microrobotics. The technology can create materials with tailored stiffness and toughness.
Researchers at the University of Delaware developed a novel process to convert lignin, a common wood byproduct, into high-performance adhesive tape. The new process performs just as well as commercially available products and uses a sustainable material.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a one-step 3D printing process for multimaterial projects, allowing for faster production and reduced manufacturing steps. The technology enables the creation of complex products with multiple parts in one operation, reducing the need for adhesives and joint connections.
Vanderbilt University researchers have discovered a way to produce cheap and small carbon nanotubes from air, which are supermaterials stronger than steel and more conductive than copper. This breakthrough could steer the conversation towards using these materials in future technology, rather than just focusing on reducing emissions.
Researchers have developed a synthetic SensoGlow™ material that can detect the quantity and quality of UV radiation from the Sun. The material is durable and can be used multiple times due to electron storage, making it a promising tool for everyday UV radiation monitoring.
Rochester Institute of Technology faculty Jing Zhang has received a CAREER award from the National Science Foundation to develop high-efficiency ultraviolet light sources. Her research could advance applications in photolithography, 3D printing, environmental purification systems and chemical sensing.
Researchers explore creating self-assembling microscopic particles to manufacture materials in space with tailored nanostructures. The ability to create self-assembling and potentially self-repairing materials could be key to surviving deep space destinations.
Researchers from Lobachevsky University and Nanyang Technological University have developed a new method for obtaining bismuth-containing apatite, a material with antimicrobial properties. The team used solid-phase synthesis and thermodynamic modeling to study the compound's crystal structure and behavior under operating conditions.
Acoustic cloaking technology has been developed by researchers at Penn State University, which uses metamaterials to bend sound waves around an object, making it appear invisible to underwater instruments. The team successfully tested their design using a 3-foot-tall pyramid structure in an underwater research tank.
Researchers at UConn improved the performance of an atomically thin semiconductor material by stretching it, a technique that could lead to faster computer processors and more efficient sensors. The study, published in Nano Letters, found a 100-fold increase in photoluminescence when the material was subjected to strain.
Researchers used scanning transmission electron microscopy to reveal a filamentous pattern of long, curved crystals in bone. A previously unknown substructure was discovered: rose-shaped crystals arranged into left-handed helices.
Researchers recommend developing best practices for revenue sharing, increasing funding for public programs, and establishing professional standards for sharing plant breeding materials. This can support the development of low-return, high-value crops that benefit both farmers and society as a whole.
Researchers have discovered a new material that can absorb and selectively reemit light, providing a platform to understand how information is stored and processed in valleytronics devices. This breakthrough could enable the development of operational valleytronic devices with increased computing power and data storage density.
Researchers have created a database to screen for environmentally sustainable nanomaterials, allowing designers to weigh performance characteristics like toxicity and antimicrobial activity before developing products. The tool aims to reduce unintended consequences and promote sustainable nanotechnologies.
A U.S. Army Research Laboratory researcher has developed a mathematical approach to design chemical compounds, reducing complexity and leveraging machine learning. This method could lead to the discovery of new materials with unique properties.
Researchers have developed a family of synthetic polymers that can be repeatedly recycled with great efficiency. These new polymers overcome the challenges faced by existing biodegradable plastics and mechanical approaches to reusing plastic, offering a highly desirable chemical recycling method.
A team of scientists has developed a machine learning algorithm that can quickly identify new blends of ingredients for metallic glass, accelerating the discovery process by 200 times. The method uses data from thousands of experiments to pinpoint potential materials and has significant implications for the future of materials science.
A team of scientists has developed a method to discover new metallic glass alternatives using machine learning and accelerated experiments, reducing the discovery time from decades to hours. The approach enables researchers to quickly narrow down potential materials and get immediate feedback from AI models.
KAUST researchers create triboelectric nanogenerators that capture mechanical energy from human movements and convert it into electricity. They also engineer a wearable self-powered bracelet that can store converted energy for operating electronic devices.
INRS is awarded over $1.57 million to support four promising research projects focused on ecotoxicogenomics, high-speed bio-imaging, synaptic dysfunction in motor neuron diseases, and quantum materials
Researchers have developed a polymer-based material that stiffens and changes color, mimicking the dynamic properties of skin. The material combines rigid-while-flexible and soft-while-stiff properties, shifting towards blue or red colors when elongated or condensed.
Brown University engineers developed a new method of measuring the stickiness of micro-scale surfaces, which could aid in designing and building micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). The technique uses thermal vibrations to calculate work of adhesion, allowing for the evaluation of material properties and surface textures.
A team of researchers developed a soft robot that uses kirigami to achieve locomotion, gripping the ground like snakeskin. The robot's surface transforms into a textured surface as it stretches, allowing it to crawl without rigid components.
Researchers will explore new mathematical and computational foundations to transform traditional design processes, leveraging massive compute power. TACC provides a comprehensive platform for developing computational methods, creating data visualizations, and analyzing large experimental data sets.
Researchers found that adding volcanic ash to traditional cement reduces the overall energy needed to manufacture concrete, with a 16% decrease in energy required. The optimal particle size of volcanic ash affects the strength and energy efficiency of the concrete.
Researchers developed a low-temperature reaction to replace sulfur with tellurium in MoS2, creating new properties in the 2D material. The 'sodium-scooter' catalyst enables conversion at 525°C, lower than previous temperatures.
The proposed integrated Materials Acceleration Platforms (MAPs) could cut the average time for developing a useful new material from 20 years down to one or two years. The report recommends six key areas to create these platforms, including self-driving laboratories, AI for materials discovery, and modular materials robotics.
Researchers at MIT have developed a process to produce ultrafine fibers with exceptional strength and toughness, exceeding existing materials in specific modulus and specific strength. The new gel-electrospun polyethylene fibers have similar degrees of strength but are much tougher and have lower density.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich use biofilms to guide microorganisms in creating tailor-made templates for new materials. This process utilizes light, heat, and other stimuli to control the movement of microbes, enabling the creation of complex networks with natural structures.
A new study found that 80% of materials chemistry papers may have incorrect results, with 1 in 5 being completely wrong. Researchers encourage more replication efforts to increase confidence in data.
New Caledonian crows manufacture hooks from plant stems, with techniques influenced by material properties and cutting methods. Deeper hooks are more efficient, but experienced birds may avoid making them due to increased time and effort required.
Researchers developed an automatized strategy to separate circular molecules from their linear counterparts using microfluidic channels decorated with attractive spots. This separation technology is crucial for analyzing topology in biological systems and developing new materials.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a novel framework to benchmark and compare the performances of organic mixed conductors. By using electrochemical transistors, they evaluated the strengths and weaknesses of 10 newly developed materials, identifying top-performing conductors for specific applications.
Researchers have developed a class of breakthrough motion sensors that could herald a near future of ubiquitous, fully integrated and affordable wearable technology. The sensors are made using buckypaper, a material composed of razor-thin, flexible sheets of pure carbon nanotubes.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have discovered that the shape and repetitive organization of building blocks within metamaterials affect refraction, contradicting previous assumptions. This finding has significant implications for the development of devices such as invisibility cloaks and perfect lenses.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab report progress in creating new types of lithium cathode materials, which can store more lithium and be more stable. The discovery could lead to the development of more efficient and longer-lasting batteries.
Researchers have created a new building material that produces Majorana particles, which could lead to the development of faster quantum computers. The breakthrough enables the mass production of nano wires with Majorana properties, paving the way for more efficient computing.
Researchers used advanced synchrotron measurement setup to study spin dynamics of ferrimagnetic thin films containing different proportions of gadolinium. They found that varying composition dramatically changed response to laser pulse, leading to improved switching speeds and precision.
A team of materials designers led by Dynamic Research Inc. won the grand prize of $500,000 for developing a novel material with an unusual geometric structure that can absorb or mitigate force within helmets and other protective gear, reducing impact by over 70%. The winning entry has potential to support innovation and stimulate the m...
A team of ORNL researchers aims to use deep learning to identify patterns in scientific data that alert scientists to potential new discoveries. They plan to leverage ORNL's Titan supercomputer and develop novel high-performance computing methods.
Researchers at Colorado State University have developed a new biomaterial that effectively prevents the formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a virulent superbug. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of antibacterial surfaces for wound dressings and other medical applications.
Researchers have discovered a unique membrane structure in the indestructible Acidianus hospitalis Filamentous Virus 1, allowing it to survive extreme temperatures. This discovery has potential applications in creating super-strong materials and delivering medicine directly to cancer tumors.
Researchers from HKUST created a B12-dependent light-sensing hydrogel by covalently stitching together photoreceptor proteins, enabling rapid gel-sol transition on light exposure. This allows for controlled release of stem cells and proteins with high spatiotemporal precision.
Researchers at the University of Luxembourg have redefined the understanding of van der Waals interactions, discovering they can be repulsive in confined spaces. This new paradigm could have implications for pharmaceutical delivery, water desalination and photovoltaic devices.
Materials scientists at Duke University have resurrected an online cookbook of crystalline structures, featuring 288 entries with data on symmetry, properties, and unit cells. The revamped website provides a flexible platform for researchers to explore and create new materials.
A young researcher at FAU has studied what causes recycled plastic to smell, identifying key contaminants such as mouldy, cheesy, or acidic-smelling molecules. The study's findings will help scientists develop strategies for reducing odours in recycled plastics.
A new study provides scientific evidence to help healthcare professionals choose the right cushioning material for prescription footwear. The findings highlight the importance of considering a person's weight and body mass index (BMI) when selecting materials to reduce pressure.
Using molecular simulations, researchers have developed an approach called inverse design that allows them to identify simpler interactions between particles that can spontaneously self-assemble into complex structures. This method enables the discovery of new materials with desired properties, reducing the time and cost required for t...
MIT researchers have designed a system that can 3-D print the basic structure of an entire building, enabling faster, cheaper, and more adaptable construction. The system uses a robotic arm to direct various construction nozzles and can construct objects of any size.
Researchers developed a model to predict the limits of friction behavior in metals based on materials properties. The discovery has significant implications for industries such as wind turbines and electric vehicles, enabling engineers to design and optimize materials for better performance.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed composite metal foams with enhanced properties, including reduced armor-piercing bullet penetration and effective radiation shielding. The new data provides a comprehensive overview of the materials' performance in various tests, including high-speed impacts and cyclic loading.
Researchers at TUM have produced a composite material combining silicon nanosheets and a polymer, creating a stable material with remarkable optoelectronic properties. The polymer-coated silicon nanosheets show promise for applications in flexible displays, field-effect transistors, photodetectors, and rechargeable lithium batteries.
Researchers have developed a family of resistive random access memories using multilayer hexagonal boron nitride as dielectric, showing promising retention times and low cycle-to-cycle variability. The devices exhibit coexistence of forming free bipolar and threshold-type resistive switching.
Researchers developed a high-throughput method to identify new photoanode materials, doubling the number of compounds with potential for use in solar fuels. The approach combines computational and experimental approaches, revealing how to 'tune' properties to make better photoanodes.
Researchers have discovered 12 new photoanodes that can split water using sunlight, a significant step towards creating practical solar fuels. The new materials discovery pipeline promises to speed up the development of commercially viable solar fuels.
Professor Shiho Kawashima has received a $500,000 NSF CAREER Award to develop concrete systems for 3D printing, which could revolutionize infrastructure construction and repair. Her research aims to improve the processing and rheology of concrete and cement.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory created tiny swirling vortices out of magnetic particles using magnetic fields. The discovery provides insight into the behavior that governs such systems and opens up new opportunities for materials and devices with new properties.
Berger's Isomax material achieves low density and uncommon strength, making it suitable for various applications such as aerospace structures and robotic machines. The study's findings support the concept's potential for efficient fabrication and manufacturing.
Researchers developed a scalable metamaterial film that efficiently reflects solar energy while allowing objects to shed heat through infrared thermal radiation. The material has been successfully tested in field trials, demonstrating significant radiative cooling powers even under direct sunlight with zero energy consumption.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a machine learning algorithm to predict point defects in intermetallic compounds with high accuracy. This method accelerates research on new advanced alloys and lightweight materials for various industries.