Articles tagged with Materials Testing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Dr. Gottfried Schmalz is a renowned scholar recognized for his long-standing research on pulp cell behavior in response to dental materials. His work has bridged basic and clinical sciences, focusing on biocompatibility of dental materials and resulting in significant contributions to the field.
Dr. Grayson Marshall is being honored with the Wilmer Souder Award for his significant contributions to dental materials research. His work on SEM and AFM studies has greatly advanced our understanding of bonding mechanisms and natural interfaces with biomaterials.
Researchers at The University of Manchester have developed a new type of technology using the world's thinnest material, which can be used to sieve gases and make ultra-fast electronic switches. The discovery has significant implications for the development of medical drugs, as it will potentially allow the rapid analysis of atomic str...
MIT researchers have developed a new method to produce strong and stretchy nanocomposite materials, similar to spider silk. These materials can be used to strengthen packaging materials and develop tear-resistant fabrics or biomedical devices.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have discovered a unique surface structure in the Cyphochilus beetle that creates its brilliant whiteness. This innovative design could lead to improved ultra-thin materials for various industries.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed transparent, high-performance transistors using organic and inorganic materials. These transistors can be assembled inexpensively on glass and plastics, enabling new applications for displays with invisible wires.
A team of researchers, led by Lehigh University's Volkmar Dierolf, has received a $1.2-million grant to study the nanostructure of ferroelectric domains. They aim to image and control these domains at the nanoscale to engineer devices.
Researchers at Colorado School of Mines and Northeastern University report a new computational methodology to quantify interface mobility, overcoming limitations of past studies. The method efficiently addresses the effect of impurities, revealing a more severe impact on interface motion than previously thought.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new polymer membrane for reverse osmosis that resists degradation by chlorine, allowing for efficient desalination. The membrane uses a similar structure to proton exchange membrane materials used in fuel cells, but with added salt treatment for improved chlorine resistance.
Researchers are developing a new combinatorial toolkit to evaluate hundreds of potential PEM fuel cell materials in a single experiment. The goal is to double membrane durability and cut costs in half. This project involves creating low-cost, thermally stable membranes using a 'formulation approach' that combines different polymers.
Georgia Institute of Technology researchers are exploring the potential of LCP for high-frequency radio applications, antennas, and circuit boards in space. The material's unique structure provides excellent electrical performance, heat resistance, flexibility, and strength, making it a promising candidate for NASA applications.
The College of Engineering at UC Santa Barbara has received a $2.75 million Partnerships for Research and Education in Materials (PREM) award from the National Science Foundation to partner with Jackson State University (JSU). The grant aims to develop new materials research in organic semiconductors and optical nanosystems, while focu...
Researchers have achieved net optical cooling of erbium-doped materials using laser radiation, overcoming technical difficulties associated with this phenomenon. This breakthrough enables the development of new devices such as high-power optical fibre lasers and medical diagnostic techniques.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a process to create graphene-based composite materials with exceptional properties. The method involves exfoliating graphite into individual layers, which can be mixed into polymers, glasses, and ceramics.
Researchers developed a new method to measure the stiffness of soft substrates by using sensor films with known properties. The technique tracks changes in stiffness across gradients of material properties, allowing for the mapping of spatial variations in rigidity in complex materials.
Researchers use computer simulations to gain insights into material properties and behavior that cannot be observed through experiments. Simulations have been shown to accurately predict the reliability of materials that coat surfaces, offering a more complete understanding than traditional experimental methods.
Researchers have developed a triple threat polymer that can capture and release fragrance molecules, demonstrating unique properties. The material's complex surface structure allows it to act as a host for guest molecules, enabling controlled release.
NIST and DuPont researchers have developed a nondestructive method for measuring how temperature affects the electrical properties of common circuit board materials, including ceramic, polymer, and glass. The technique enables faster, less expensive, and easier testing, as well as improved performance in designing circuits and substrates.
Five US university students have won travel scholarships to present their glass-related research in India at the International Symposium on Non-Oxide and Optical Glasses. The recipients, from Lehigh University and Rutgers University, will discuss topics including giant photocontraction effects and optical properties of glasses.
Carbon nanotubes have withstood pressures up to 40 gigapascals, making them ideal for nanoscale hydraulics and cylinders. The researchers discovered that nanotubes can perform similar functions at the scale of atoms and molecules, including extrusion processes.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a process to overcome difficulties in combining nanotubes with other materials, leading to improved composites. The new material demonstrates remarkable improvements in strength, toughness, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed thermal interface materials with carbon nanotubes that conduct heat more efficiently than conventional materials. The nanotube-based interfaces can reduce the temperature rise of computer chips by up to 5 degrees Celsius, improving overall performance and reducing the risk of damage.
Researchers evaluated 92 patients with bladder cancers using MDCT and found 87 tumors, regardless of whether contrast was used. They also discovered that new CT technology can scan rapidly enough to evaluate the bladder fully, potentially obviating the need for invasive cystoscopy.
Researchers develop a technique to fabricate flexible nanomembranes with tunable strain, retaining silicon's properties while controlling conductivity. The method enables the creation of faster electronics, novel photonic crystals, and lightweight sensors, with potential applications in flexible electronic devices and biological sensing.
Researchers found that polymer composites localize heat better than steel, allowing them to sustain structural rigidity and prevent fire spread. The study recommends developing materials with high glass transition temperatures to achieve optimal performance.
Researchers found that students who self-test frequently while studying on their own perform better in retention tests compared to those who study the material repeatedly. This phenomenon is known as the testing effect, which enhances long-term retention through a mechanism different from restudy alone.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have created a new bio-gel for 3D cell culture that mimics natural cell scaffolds. The gel, made from dipeptides, has potential applications in wound healing and regenerative medicine.
The new microscope enables crystallographic information to be measured at a lateral resolution of about 40 cubic nanometres, and depending on the material, even more finely. Researchers have already used it to study steel-related iron-aluminium intermetallic alloys, which show promise for high-temperature gas turbines.
Researchers discovered that ceria behaves as its own catalyst, significantly improving fuel cell efficiency. The study's findings provide new insights into the role of ceria in fuel cells and open up possibilities for more efficient electrochemical reactions.
A new theory explains how cracks propagate in brittle materials, shedding light on material failure in nanoscale devices, airplanes, and earthquakes. The research simulates the behavior of atoms under extreme conditions, uncovering the physics behind fractures.
A Georgia Institute of Technology researcher has developed a new boron carbide formation process that increases the hardness and improves the ballistic performance of the material used in body armor. The new method can yield higher relative densities and better ballistic performance than currently available methods.
Scientists have successfully produced giant superstructures of unnatural carbon, exceeding twice the size of previously developed fragments. These supersized molecules exhibit high density of pi-electrons useful for electronics and optics, with potential applications in optical electronics and switches used in telecommunications.
MIT researchers have developed a way to test the mechanical properties of almost 600 different materials in a matter of days. This breakthrough could lead to faster identification of dental implants and tank armor with improved resistance.
A team of scientists has successfully created a new material that induces magnetic vibrations at visible light frequencies, allowing for the creation of ultra-small optical lenses and miniature lasers. This breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in optics, optoelectronics, and biosensing.
Researchers investigate which nanomaterial sizes, shapes, compounds, and coatings harm or kill cells. The aim is to develop non-toxic types using 'green' nanomaterials, addressing growing concerns about nanoparticle health impacts.
The NSF grant supports research into thin films, complex multiphase materials, and human cell adhesion. The center aims to develop more durable materials and create better medical tests and treatments.
Researchers at Yale University have devised a way to predict the microstructure of crystals as they form in materials. This new method enables the estimation of grain size and subsequent material properties dependent on microstructure, opening up possibilities for tailoring material characteristics.
The Georgia Institute of Technology's Center for Biologically Inspired Design applies nature's design principles to improve manufacturing, materials, and processes. Biomimicry research projects are underway in biosensing, materials design, and more.
The National Science Foundation has renewed funding for the University of California - Santa Barbara's Materials Research and Engineering Center (MRL) at $20.52 million over six years. This grant supports interdisciplinary research, education, and outreach initiatives in materials science.
A team of researchers used proteomics to identify multiple blood proteins that adsorb to the surfaces of medical devices, including serum amyloid P. This discovery sheds new light on the biocompatibility of materials and their potential impact on patient health.
The UW-Madison MRSEC center will focus on designing materials with controlled chemical functionality and physical properties, enabling new sensors and cell differentiation capabilities. The center's interdisciplinary approach brings together experts from various departments to advance nanotechnology research and technology transfer.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed the first complete micromachine that can characterize mechanical properties of nanowires and carbon nanotubes in real-time. The system uses differential capacitive sensing to measure applied forces with nano-Newton resolution.
Researchers from NIST and UC Berkeley use NEXAFS spectroscopy to track chemical reactions, molecular reordering, and defect formation in organic electronic devices. The study reveals the importance of film structure and composition on charge carrier movement, offering a new tool for improving device performance.
Researchers at Virginia Tech created a new type of composite material that can be molded into bipolar plates with high electrical conductivity, good mechanical properties, and ease of manufacture. The material's properties exceed industry standards and will enable faster and more efficient production of fuel cell stacks.
University of California, Irvine researchers will evaluate alternative materials and recycling programs to reduce the environmental impact of e-waste, including cell phones. The interdisciplinary team aims to create a comprehensive model to protect public health and the environment from hazardous chemicals in electronic waste.
The report identifies key areas of focus for improving solar energy technologies, including artificial molecular machines, smart materials, and nanotechnology-based solar cells. It also highlights the importance of basic research in addressing the nation's energy security needs.
Researchers have created a family of one-atom-thin materials with unique properties, including strength, insulation, and conductivity. These materials offer vast possibilities for space-age engineers and designers.
The Rutgers, NEI Corp., and Indian materials center partnership aims to develop nanoparticle-infused materials for various industries. The researchers will explore ways to use nanosized particles to increase the wear-resistance of metals, ceramics, and protective coatings.
Scientists have identified a peculiar region of partially molten rock at the bottom of Earth's solid mantle, which they relate to a plume of hot material. The discovery suggests that this dense blob of material may be the stable root for long-lived mantle plumes and could explain the formation of island chains like Hawaii.
The Oak Ridge Associated Universities funds research to develop conductive ceramic materials. Lu, a Virginia Tech graduate student, aims to create advanced ceramic materials by incorporating carbon nanotubes. She has achieved 40% density, significantly improving the material's strength and conductivity.
A research team from the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research and ESRF observes temporal structural fluctuations on an atomic scale in a crystalline material. The discovery sheds light on how materials respond to external perturbations like changes in temperature, pressure, magnetic or electric fields.
Researchers developed a new technique to detect damage in composite materials using vibration and heat detection. The vibrothermography method can identify internal damage not visible to the human eye, crucial for preventing catastrophic failures.
Researchers have discovered that molecular motors dynein and kinesin do not compete for control when moving cellular cargo, but instead cooperate to produce more than 10 times the speed of individual motors. This cooperative behavior allows the cargo to move faster and with greater precision inside the cell.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University developed an ultra-fast optical shutter with a record-breaking speed of 40 picoseconds, enabling high-speed imaging applications. The new technology uses femtosecond laser pulses to freeze light at the molecular level, opening doors for breakthroughs in fields like biology and materials science.
A new Standard Reference Material from NIST will help clinical genetics labs accurately count fragile-X repeat sequences. The SRM 2399 consists of nine DNA samples with triplet repeats ranging from 20 to 118, ensuring quality control and check on test procedures.
The new test structures provide a wider range of reference feature sizes and are measured more precisely than previously available materials. Industry can use these reference materials to calibrate tools to reliably measure microprocessor-device gates.
Researchers developed carbon nanotube-based composite materials to maximize frictional damping in mechanical systems. The findings show that these materials can effectively reduce vibration and energy dissipation, making them a promising solution for various applications.
Researchers at University of Toronto developed a sprayable infrared detector that can harness the sun's invisible rays. The discovery may improve renewable energy sources by increasing efficiency and flexibility in solar cells.
A new class of 'thin-film' materials has been developed, offering higher mobility, better chemical stability, and ease of manufacture. These amorphous heavy-metal cation multicomponent oxides could lead to new electronic devices, such as gas sensors, consumer electronics, and military equipment.
Researchers have developed an injectable gel that can speed up the repair of torn cartilage. The biodegradable material is composed of hyaluronic acid and can be hardened with ultraviolet light or visible light, creating a growth environment for cartilage-producing cells to grow new cartilage.