Articles tagged with Materials Testing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A partnership between Colorado State University and Michigan has made canola-based motor oil available to consumers, offering a cleaner alternative to petroleum-based oils. The oil reduces vehicle emissions by 30 percent and produces no hazardous waste.
Scientists have sequenced the complete genome of Treponema pallidum, the syphilis bacterium, providing critical information for developing diagnostic tests, treatments, and vaccines. The genetic blueprint reveals targets for new antibiotics and surface proteins that could stimulate an immune response in experimental vaccines.
Standardized tests differ significantly in content and format, making it challenging to compare scores across unrelated tests. The National Research Council committee found that an equivalency scale is not feasible due to these differences.
A new liquid crystal assay developed at the University of California, Davis, can detect target molecules in test samples using minimal supplies and no electricity. The assay uses a microscopic landscape of hills and valleys to bend light and create colorful patterns, allowing for quick and easy analysis.
Chlamydial infection is a leading sexually transmitted disease in the US, causing infertility and severe complications. Age-based screening has been shown to be cost-effective in identifying infected women without symptoms, preventing sequelae and saving lives.
A new blood test that measures troponin T, a protein released by dying heart muscle during heart attacks, can identify high-risk patients and predict long-term risk. The test has been shown to detect cardiac events or death within 30 days with high accuracy.
A UB researcher is conducting a four-year study on how temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet light impact the transport of persistent organic pollutants through the atmosphere. The project aims to understand how plants contribute to the global distribution of toxic chemicals.
The University of Illinois will participate in a $250 million, 10-year program to develop advanced computational systems for simulating solid-propellant rockets. The center will focus on detailed whole-system simulations, benefiting both basic scientific research and aerospace applications.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed a method to measure dynamic indentation hardness in materials, which could render traditional tests obsolete. The new device can achieve results in under 200 microseconds, reducing the need for costly and time-consuming tests.
The University of Cincinnati engineers have created a unique high-performance concrete (HPC) mix that significantly strengthens conventional concrete. Tests show the HPC can last up to 80 years without major maintenance due to its denser material and resistance to freeze-thaw cycles.
A survey of psychologists found they use more test results and review more materials in custody evaluations. Attitudes also shift towards greater preference for joint custody and less reliance on single variables.
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory has developed a new wall testing and rating procedure to determine the thermal performance of entire walls, rather than just insulation. This approach accounts for increased heat leakages in corners, doors, windows, and studs, providing more accurate measurements of building energy performance.
A new blood test called troponin T has been shown to be a powerful indicator of how injured a heart is, especially in patients with no clear signs of trouble. The study found that patients with high troponin T levels are more likely to die within a month, and the test may save thousands of lives annually.
The new test developed by Prof. Roald Nezlin of the Weizmann Institute solves a problem with standard tests by measuring the quantity of DNA in harmful complexes, indicating effective treatment. This approach could also be used to measure antibody complexes involved in other autoimmune diseases.