Articles tagged with Electrons
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Research by Rodger Thompson finds that a popular dark energy alternative does not fit newly obtained data on the proton to electron mass ratio. This impact our understanding of the universe's accelerating expansion and point to a new direction for further study, potentially leading to a return to Einstein's General Relativity.
Scientists have found elusive Dirac electrons in a unique material, paving the way for faster and more secure quantum computing. The discovery uses superconducting properties to create a new kind of qubit, potentially overcoming local noise problems in quantum computers.
By using high-powered X-ray laser, researchers stripped a record 36 electrons from a xenon atom, achieving a previously unachievable positively charged state. This breakthrough will help create new states of matter and produce higher-quality images of nano-world objects.
Researchers at Boston College have found that tiny ripples on a topological insulator's surface can modulate Dirac electrons into flowing pathways mirroring the surface topography. This modulation allows for control over electron flow, potentially leading to the creation of a one-dimensional quantum wire.
Multicellular bacteria have been found to function as living power cables, transmitting electrons across large distances as part of their respiration and ingestion processes. The discovery reveals a previously unknown type of long, multicellular bacteria that act as biological power cables.
Sourav Saha's research in the Journal of the American Chemical Society has led to the development of a compound that can strip electrons from toxic fluoride, producing tangible benefits for toxin detection and removal. This innovation has far-reaching potential applications in various fields, including the creation of new plastics and ...
A multi-university team has developed a powerful laser-powered electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer to study free radicals and nitrogen atoms in diamonds. This innovation allows for high-resolution analysis of tiny molecules, shedding light on their structure and behavior.
Scientists study electron strahl, a stream of high-energy electrons from the sun, using five years of data. They found that widths vary, with some being much wider than expected, indicating an unknown scattering mechanism.
Researchers measured spin properties of electrons in graphene using a new technique, enabling the detection of spin resonance electrically. This breakthrough propels research forward into optimizing graphene for spintronic applications.
Researchers at Duke University created a system to study electron tunneling and unexpectedly found a quantum phase transition. The discovery could provide a simple model for testing environments where quantum phase transitions occur.
Researchers examine relationship between disorder and quantum coherence in materials, finding that a pinch of disorder is good but too much can destroy coherence. The Joint Quantum Institute experiment uses laser beams to introduce slight disorder into rubidium atoms, revealing how it affects their behavior.
Researchers at HZDR demonstrate proton acceleration in the direction of the laser light, achieving unprecedented high energies. This breakthrough enables future cancer therapy applications with ultra-short pulse lasers.
Researchers observe electrons gain mass while cooling down to far below room temperature, acting like much heavier particles, yet remain speedy superconductors at even lower temperatures. The degree of entanglement determines the properties of a material.
Researchers at the University of Washington have discovered a new aspect of chemical reactions on metal oxide surfaces that could lead to more efficient energy systems. The new perspective proposes coupling electrons and protons, which could help reduce energy barriers in technologies such as solar cells and hydrogen fuel cells.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding correlated electron dynamics by observing double ionization events at the attosecond scale. They found that these events occur earlier than expected, shedding new light on quantum dynamics.
A team of physicists has developed a new design for nano-billiards that eliminates the effect of small bumps on electron paths, enabling more predictable electronic devices. By removing impurities and defects, researchers have created stable billiard tables at the nanoscale, paving the way for improved nanoscale electronics.
Researchers found that traditional 'quasiparticle' theory breaks down at 'quantum critical point', where electrons behave strangely. The study used heavy-fermion metals to show a breakdown in fundamental concepts of Landau-Fermi liquid theory.
Researchers created a graphene lens that focuses electrons by controlling the focal length through geometry changes. The graphene lens uses strained graphene to shepherd electrons to a fine point, allowing for high-speed data exchange without traditional cable restrictions.
Researchers found a way to influence electron flow through graphene by mounting it on boron nitride, enabling more controlled electronic properties. The discovery creates hexagonal structures that prevent some electrons from passing through, opening up new possibilities for graphene-based microelectronics.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have identified a major barrier to faster graphene devices, finding that charged impurities on the surface of graphene scatter electrons. By using electrically neutral liquids, they achieved record-levels of room-temperature electron mobility, three times greater than previous graphene-based devices.
Researchers at NIST and NRL developed a better understanding of how to optimize organic solar cell performance by varying layer thickness. The ideal layer thickness of 2 nanometers results in the best current generation, but further engineering challenges remain to be addressed.
Researchers have recorded real-time images of two atoms vibrating in a molecule using a new ultrafast camera. The technique, called laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED), allows for the capture of rapid molecular motion and could lead to controlling chemical reactions on an atomic scale.
A new computer simulation has identified the source of high-speed electrons responsible for auroras, solving a long-standing astrophysical puzzle. The simulation reveals that an active region in Earth's magnetotail can accelerate many electrons, explaining observed features detected by spacecraft missions.
The University of York team has developed electron beams with orbital angular momentum, enabling the efficient examination of magnetic materials. This breakthrough promises novel applications in nanoparticle manipulation and edge contrast detection.
Physicists at the University of California, Riverside, have launched a lab experiment to determine if antimatter behaves differently in gravity than matter. The researchers created positronium, a bound state between a positron and an electron, and measured its deflection due to gravity.
Researchers successfully stabilized electron orbits using an electromagnetic field, mimicking Jupiter's gravitational influence on asteroids. The experiment verifies calculations made at Vienna University of Technology and holds promise for future studies on the quantum-world of tiny objects.
A UC Riverside-led team has identified a property of bilayer graphene that becomes insulating when the number of electrons on the sheet is close to zero. This finding suggests promising routes for digital and infrared technologies, including trilayer and tetralayer graphene with larger energy gaps.
Researchers have observed a new class of electron interactions that play a major role in the orbital nature of electrons in nanostructures. By tuning a specific effect, they eliminated spin-spin interactions while preserving orbital-orbital interactions. This discovery opens doors to new quantum electronic schemes.
Researchers at CRC 1044 investigate hadron physics, quark-gluon interactions, and the structure of matter using high-precision measurements and theoretical analyses. The project will also explore the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the proton-radius puzzle.
Physicists at Duke University used supercomputers to simulate an ultra-cold atom and split a virtual electron in half, creating two particles with half the negative charge. This discovery provides clues about the behavior of fundamental particles and challenges traditional notions of particle indivisibility.
Researchers from the University of Gothenburg developed a new method to study electron interactions in negative ions, crucial for understanding phenomena like superconductors. This knowledge may also shed light on the origin of life and the chemical reactions that occurred in space.
Physicists at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf develop new theoretical model for predicting hot electron density and temperature after laser interaction. This allows precise calculation of hot electron energy, enabling optimization of future experiments and medical applications.
Researchers from NIST and UVA successfully demonstrated the use of electron tweezers to move, position and assemble tiny particles at the nanoscale. Electron tweezers have the potential to offer a thousand-fold improvement in sensitivity and resolution compared to traditional laser optical tweezers.
Electrons in graphene exhibit Klein tunneling, allowing them to pass through energy barriers regardless of width and height. This phenomenon has been observed experimentally in graphene.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed a method to manipulate individual electrons, enabling the transportation of an electron from one quantum dot to another using a sound wave. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of more powerful computers.
Researchers at the University of Washington have created a novel proton-based transistor that can communicate directly with living organisms. The device uses protons instead of electrons and has potential applications in biological sensing, prosthetics, and even controlling certain biological processes.
Researchers studied electronic properties of bilayer graphene, revealing unique effects due to electron-electron interactions. The material's quasiparticles exhibit chiral symmetry, making it an exciting material for electronic applications.
A team of researchers at Purdue University has successfully created ultrapure gallium arsenide material that captures exotic states of matter. By cooling the material to extremely low temperatures and applying a magnetic field, they can create correlated states where electrons behave according to quantum mechanics.
Researchers propose that quantum dots with opposing spin electrons can create a peculiar form of magnetism. This phenomenon occurs due to the 'tug-of-war' between the mobile electrons and the manganese atoms in the quantum dot. The resulting magnetic message can align spins, causing the quantum dot to be magnetic.
Researchers have measured the electron's shape for the first time, finding it to be almost perfectly spherical. This breakthrough could help explain the universe's lack of antimatter and refine fundamental theories of physics.
Researchers discovered that antiferromagnetism and superconductivity can coexist in certain solids, contradicting previous theories. This finding provides crucial experimental evidence for understanding the interplay between various phases in high-temperature superconductors.
Researchers at TUM developed a new method to measure photocurrent in nanoscale photodetectors with picosecond precision, enabling faster detection of electrons. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of optoelectronic components such as nanoscale photodetectors and solar cells.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a model for interacting electrons in unconventional superconductors by mimicking the behavior of charged black holes. This work resolves the Mott problem, which has puzzled physicists for decades, and sheds light on the origin of superconductivity in copper oxide materials.
Researchers directly measure proton spin contributions from different flavored quarks for the first time. The study suggests that gluons contribute less than expected, leaving the source of spin still unknown.
Research focuses on magnetism in three new classes of materials, including strange iridium oxide-based metals and topological insulators. The study aims to understand spin-orbit coupling effects in these materials for future energy transport and computing applications.
Scientists from University of Copenhagen reveal curved carbon's potential for unprecedented control over electron spin, paving the way for new applications in spin-based nanoelectronics. The discovery opens up possibilities for controlling and manipulating the spin of electrons.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology have developed an affordable alternative to the expensive X-FEL, which can perform similar molecular process research on a tabletop. The 'poor man's X-FEL' uses electrons instead of X-rays and requires less energy, making it a more feasible option for researchers.
Researchers at HZB observed exotic behavior in beryllium oxide when bombarded with high-speed heavy ions, causing electrons to forget material properties. The results show changes in electronic structure and ultra-fast melting processes around the firing line of the heavy ions.
Researchers at UBC have made a groundbreaking discovery linking high-temperature superconductivity to 'incoherent excitations' in copper oxides. The study reveals that electrons behave as independent particles before becoming ill-defined many-body entities, shedding light on the electronic response of these materials.
Physicists at the University of California, Berkeley and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics successfully observed an electron being ejected from an atom using ultrafast laser pulses. The experiment enabled the capture and photography of valence electrons for the first time, paving the way for better control over high-speed elec...
A team of researchers has discovered hyperhalogens, which use superhalogens as building blocks around a metal atom. These chemicals have improved properties compared to halogens and may have applications in industries where large amounts of halogens are needed.
Researchers used femtosecond X-ray powder diffraction to observe the relocation of charges in an ammonium sulfate crystal after photoexcitation. The technique produces a 'molecular movie' of atomic movement at atomic time and length scales.
Chemists at the University of Texas at Austin have discovered a new way to pass electrons between molecules, leading to the development of high-powered organic batteries. The system could be used to create artificial photosynthesis and store more energy than conventional batteries.
Researchers have discovered a new phenomenon in graphene where electrons split into unexpected energy levels when exposed to extreme conditions. The discovery raises questions about the fundamental physics of graphene and its potential for powerful applications.
A team of Syracuse University physicists developed a theoretical model that explains how the Pauli exclusion principle can be violated, allowing for multiple electrons to occupy the same quantum state. The model may help explain matter behavior at black hole edges and contribute to a unified theory of quantum gravity.
Physicists at the University of California, Berkeley discovered that when graphene is stretched, it develops bubbles of quantized electrons behaving in a bizarre way. The discovery opens doors to room-temperature straintronics and control of electronic properties through strain.
Scientists aim to measure electron's electric dipole moment using sensitive ceramic and SQUID magnetometer. A possible imbalance in matter and antimatter could be explained by this tiny electric dipole moment.
Princeton researchers have found unique electrons that can bypass obstacles and flow efficiently on surfaces of certain materials, potentially revolutionizing electronics. This discovery opens the door to creating faster integrated circuits by leveraging the flow of surface electrons.
Physicists have measured the proton's charge radius with an accuracy of better than one thousandth of a femtometre, significantly deviating from previous measurements. This change affects the Rydberg constant used to calculate energy packets absorbed and emitted by atoms and molecules.
Researchers bridge the gap between classical and quantum physics by exploring how the rules of quantum mechanics apply to macroscopic objects. They discovered that vibrations in a crystal can cause electrons to tunnel through barriers, leading to random quantum fluctuations.