Articles tagged with Electrons
Researchers have found a way to capture high-energy electrons from plasmonic metals, opening a new pathway to efficient solar energy conversion. By coupling nano-rods of cadmium selenide with gold nanoparticles, they can harness the energy and use it to fuel chemical reactions.
Researchers Elena Belova and her team proposed a mechanism explaining why plasma fails to reach required temperatures in tokamaks. The new understanding could lead to improved control of temperature in future fusion devices, including ITER.
EPFL scientists have shown that electrons can jump through spins much faster than previously thought, challenging the notion of intermediate steps between spin jumps. The finding has profound implications for both technology and fundamental physics and chemistry, potentially offering long-awaited solutions to spintronics limitations.
Researchers at University College London have investigated positronium's behavior in collisions with hydrogen, argon, helium, and carbon dioxide gases. They found a strong preference for positronium to be emitted in the forward direction, particularly when positrons hit the gas at high speed.
Researchers successfully employed ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy to determine the basic properties of spintronics components. The study reveals significant underestimation of spin asymmetry in electron scattering, a core factor determining giant magnetoresistance.
Researchers found that electron-phonon interaction is suppressed in 2D materials due to dimensional effects, leading to increased conduction. The discovery has potential applications in the creation of future flat and flexible electronic devices.
Researchers discovered a single material, samarium hexaboride (SmB6), that displays dual metal-insulator properties, violating conventional wisdom. The material's behavior is attributed to the existence of a potential third phase, neither insulator nor conductor.
Researchers have found that carbon-based nanoparticles can produce low-energy electrons through plasmon excitation, making them more lethal to tumors and potentially inducing focused destruction of cancer cells. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel types of sensitizers for proton radiotherapy.
Researchers have discovered electrons that form pairs but don't reach a superconducting state, a breakthrough that could lead to new materials with room temperature superconductivity. This finding has significant implications for technologies such as high-speed rail and quantum computers.
Researchers from UCSB have successfully measured the frequency of radiation emitted by a single electron for the first time. The team used a tabletop instrument to detect emissions from an individual, orbiting electron and witnessed over 100,000 single electrons.
Researchers have successfully detected cyclotron radiation from single electrons, a phenomenon predicted in 1904, and developed a new method to measure the energy of electrons. This technique has the potential to determine the mass of neutrinos, which are essential for understanding the universe's large-scale structure.
Physicists at MIT have developed a new tabletop particle detector that can identify single electrons in radioactive gas. The detector uses a magnet to trap and detect the weak signals emitted by the electrons, which are then used to map their precise activity over several milliseconds.
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has shattered its own record for producing polarized proton collisions at 200-giga-electron-volt collision energy. The accelerator now delivers 1200 billion collisions per week, more than double the number achieved in 2012.
Researchers at CIFAR discover that charge ordering creates a stripy pattern, not a checkerboard, and competes with superconductivity along one direction. This discovery sheds light on the role of charge ordering in propelling electrons into tight pairs, allowing for free movement.
A team of researchers at Rice University has successfully simulated superconducting materials using ultracold atoms, observing antiferromagnetic order in the process. The simulation is based on the Hubbard model, a set of mathematical equations that could explain high-temperature superconductivity.
A Rutgers-led team has solved a long-standing puzzle in physics by explaining the 'hidden order' of an exotic material. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in electronic technology and superconducting materials for applications such as medical imaging and high-speed trains.
A new study by Rice University and international collaborators adds to the growing evidence for a theory that explains high-temperature superconductivity and heavy fermion physics through quantum fluctuations. The research observed a sharp Fermi surface reconstruction, consistent with theoretical predictions of unconventional quantum c...
Researchers have discovered holes in the valence bands of nanodiamonds when they are dispersed in water, but not on a solid-state substrate. This discovery suggests that electrons at the surface of nanodiamonds can donate to surrounding water molecules, potentially influencing their chemical and catalytic properties.
Charge ordering, a phenomenon that interferes with superconductivity, has been detected in electron-doped copper-oxide crystals for the first time. The discovery contradicts existing research suggesting charge ordering only occurs during the pseudogap phase. This finding opens new possibilities for understanding the problem and could p...
Physicists have imaged and controlled the motion of two electrons in a helium atom using attosecond-timed laser pulses. By varying the interval between the ultraviolet and visible pulses, they created a movie of the electronic dance and even influenced its rhythm.
Researchers used attosecond XUV spectroscopy to capture individual snapshots of electrons transitioning from the valence shell to the conduction band in silicon. The transition takes less than 450 attoseconds, allowing scientists to study complex electronic processes that were previously too fast to be approached experimentally.
Researchers at UNL pinpoint characteristics of laser pulses that can control electron behavior, enabling predictive and controlled electron motion. The study's findings offer a new signature for classifying experimentally produced laser pulses.
A team led by University of Colorado Boulder discovered an invisible shield in the Van Allen radiation belts that blocks ultrafast electrons, threatening astronauts and space systems. The barrier is thought to be maintained by Earth's magnetic field or plasmaspheric hiss.
Researchers developed a methodology to directly measure the duration and temporal intensity distribution of ultra-short X-ray flashes. They characterized these pulses using streaking spectroscopy, revealing pulse durations of up to four and a half femtoseconds.
Researchers at PTB compared caesium and ytterbium atomic clocks, finding no detectable change in the mass ratio of protons to electrons up to a relative uncertainty of one part in ten million per year. This suggests fundamental constants remain stable over long periods.
Scientists have successfully accelerated electrons to energies 400-500 times higher than conventional accelerators using a plasma wakefield acceleration technique. The breakthrough achieves high energy gains and efficiency, paving the way for future applications in medicine, national security, and high-energy physics research.
Physicists at Brown University have successfully trapped parts of an electron's wave function in liquid helium, a phenomenon that could fundamentally change our understanding of quantum mechanics. The discovery raises questions about the measurement process and the nature of particles at the quantum level.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered an exotic superconducting state that can arise when a superconductor is exposed to a strong magnetic field. The team found that unpaired, spin-up electrons form Andreev bound states, enabling transport of supercurrents through non-superconducting regions.
Researchers have developed a new method to create charged molecules using liquid helium, enabling the creation of stable fullerene dianions. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for chemical research and exploration.
Researchers directly observe free-electron Landau states for the first time, revealing complex rotational dynamics that differ from classical predictions. The findings suggest that electron behavior in magnetic fields is more intricate than previously thought.
Physicists at Weizmann Institute of Science measure magnetic interaction between two single electrons by binding their spins in opposite directions. The measurements reveal that the electrons interact like regular bar magnets, with north poles repelling and rotating until they draw near.
A new theoretical study by Marianna Safronova and colleagues identifies 10 highly charged ions, including samarium-14+ and neodymium-10+, suitable for atomic timekeeping and quantum information schemes. The researchers provide estimates of ion properties needed for experiments, enabling the development of more accurate clocks and qubits.
Researchers used an ultrafast optical laser and X-ray pulses to study the movement of electrons between atoms in exploding molecules. They observed that electrons can jump over surprisingly long distances, up to 10 times the length of the original molecule, shedding new light on microscopic dynamics.
Harvard-led researchers successfully measured the collective mass of 'massless' electrons in motion in graphene, shedding light on fundamental kinetic properties. The discovery has implications for designing more sophisticated plasmonic devices with graphene and miniaturizing electronic circuitry.
For the first time, scientists have direct confirmation that a Wolf-Rayet star died in a violent explosion known as a Type IIb supernova. The discovery was made using the iPTF pipeline, which caught the supernova within hours of its explosion and triggered ground- and space-based telescopes to observe the event.
Researchers at Princeton University have discovered a new class of quantum materials that enable electrons to flow through the interior with minimal resistance. This breakthrough has significant implications for future technologies, including faster electronics and quantum computing.
The Joint Quantum Institute theorists have made detailed calculations of the dynamics of a positronium Bose-Einstein condensate. They report that above a critical density, collision processes destroy the internal coherence of the gas, posing challenges for the operation of a gamma-ray laser.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab discovered that the re-ordering of spin in manganites is not ultra-fast, but rather exhibits a glass-like state, with the restoration of crystalline order delayed. This separation of charge-ordering behavior from spin-ordering behavior may lead to new approaches for manipulating spin effects.
The CEBAF accelerator successfully delivered its first data of the 12 GeV era, achieving 6.11 GeV electrons at 2 nanoAmps average current for over an hour. The milestone marks a major step in the commissioning process and demonstrates the ability to deliver high-energy beams beyond the original operational energy.
Scientists have successfully created a stable two-dimensional electron gas in strontium titanate, allowing for the manipulation of its electronic properties. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel magnetic effects and superconductivity.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute in Germany develop new way to measure electron pair emission directly on a standard lab bench using time-of-flight spectrometers. This breakthrough allows for the quantification of electron correlation strength, crucial for designing novel materials with desirable properties.
Researchers from the University of Basel have observed spontaneous magnetic order of electron and nuclear spins in a quantum wire at temperatures of 0.1 kelvin, exceeding previous limits of microkelvin range. This new state of matter is stabilized by nuclear spin coupling and mutual interactions between electrons.
Scientists have found that charge-density waves destroy superconductivity at a maximum of minus 135 degrees Celsius. To develop high-temperature superconductors, researchers must search for substances not subject to these periodic fluctuations.
Scientists at DESY's X-ray source PETRA III and Carnegie Institution created new compounds like Na3Cl and NaCl3 under high pressure, violating classical chemistry rules. These discoveries pave the way for a more universal understanding of chemistry and potential novel applications.
Researchers at the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics have developed a system to precisely measure the duration of energetic electron pulses using laser fields. This allows for the investigation of ultrafast processes in atoms and molecules, providing insights into nature's smallest scales.
The JILA team has developed a method to spin electric and magnetic fields around trapped molecular ions, enabling the first measurement of an electron's electric dipole moment. This technique has major implications for future scientific understanding of the universe and may also be useful in quantum information experiments.
A computer simulation reveals how intense plasma waves generate suprathermal electrons, which are critical to microchip fabrication. This breakthrough provides a first step toward controlling the plasma-surface interactions and increasing transistor density.
Physicists from Louisiana Tech University contribute to an international team that reports first results for the proton's weak charge based on precise new data from Jefferson Laboratory. The Q-weak experiment measured the weak interaction's unique property of parity violation, revealing a tiny asymmetry in electron scattering rates.
A team of UCLA scientists successfully modeled and explained the unprecedented behavior of a previously unknown third radiation ring around Earth. The region was found to consist of different populations driven by various physical processes, with ultra-relativistic electrons posing significant hazards to satellites.
Scientists have made the first experimental determination of the proton's weak charge, combining new data with published results. The result provides a rigorous test of the Standard Model and constraints on potential new physics at the Large Hadron Collider.
Researchers successfully introduced mass into Dirac electrons, a crucial step towards understanding topological crystalline insulators. The discovery provides new insights into the electronic behavior of these materials and paves the way for novel functionalities at the nanoscale.
Aalto University researchers have measured entropy production of electrons in a dual temperature system, revealing a connection between two definitions of entropy and significant implications for future nanoelectronic devices. The study used conductors at different temperatures to measure electronic entropy production according to both...
Researchers have created a method to control quantum bits using resonances in artificial atoms, enabling exponential parallel computation and solving complex tasks. The technique combines classical solid-state physics with atomic physics techniques, allowing for controlled electron spin orientation without measurement.
Researchers used dysprosium to measure electron velocity and found the maximum speed of an electron is consistent with the speed of light. The experiment pushes the limits of Einstein's theory, potentially revealing new insights into particle physics.
Physicists at ETH Zurich have developed a new device that uses laser beams and atoms to emulate magnetic materials, enabling the study of exotic forms of magnetism. The approach promises groundbreaking insights into the properties of magnetic materials.
A graphene single-electron pump provides a fast enough electron flow to create a current standard, overcoming the Achilles heel of metallic pumps. This innovation marks a major step forward in using graphene to redefine the ampere.
Rice physicists Qimiao Si and Rong Yu discovered a new electronic state in which some electrons become frozen, while others remain mobile, leading to 'bad traffic' on the path to superconductivity. This phase, known as orbital-selective Mott phase, provides clues about the fundamental origins of superconductivity.
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) collaboration has released the first published results from its experiment on the International Space Station, measuring the ratio of positrons to electrons in cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. This key finding may eventually provide evidence for the existence of dark matter.
Researchers at the University of York and Joint Institute for High Temperatures used a petawatt laser to remove deeply bound electrons from atoms, creating a distinctive plasma state. The experiment aims to further understanding of fusion energy generation, which employs hotter plasmas than the Sun.
Researchers have found that cuprate superconductors, known for carrying electrical current without resistance, cannot be fully explained by the traditional concept of Luttinger's theorem, which states that electrons carry current. This discovery reveals that there must be alternative explanations beyond electron behavior.