Articles tagged with Fluids
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have developed a new way to controllably manipulate biomolecules like DNA using acoustic force spectroscopy. The technique stretches molecules by applying varying forces in a precise way, shedding light on chemical bonding and mechanical properties.
A team of researchers at Penn State University and the University of Pittsburgh has developed a new way to use enzyme reactions to trigger self-powered mechanical movement. The enzyme pumps can precisely control flow rate without an external power source and turn on in response to specific chemicals in solution.
Researchers investigate the formation of a tiny volcanic island near Nishinoshima volcano, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. The island's unique lava flows and internal pathways provide valuable insights into the geological processes that shape our planet.
Pittsburgh researchers utilize enzymes to trigger mechanical movement in fluidic devices, showcasing a novel approach for self-powered systems. The studies reveal complex, time-dependent flows driven by simple enzymatic reactions.
Researchers discovered that Kurly protein is required for proper cilia movement and orientation, crucial for fluid flow and organ development. The study highlights the importance of Kurly in understanding human diseases such as polycystic kidney disease and left-right patterning disorders.
Newborns may develop severe infections from exposure to vaginal bacteria, experts warn. Encouraging breast feeding and avoiding unnecessary antibiotics may be more important than vaginal seeding for infant health.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a nearly universal scaling relationship between fracture stiffness and fluid flow, allowing for rapid and remote evaluation of fractures. This breakthrough can predict flow paths, evaluate hydraulic integrity, and monitor changes in fluid flow over time.
Researchers detected Zika virus in the amniotic fluid of two pregnant women whose fetuses had been diagnosed with microcephaly. However, further research is needed to understand the biological mechanism linking Zika virus to microcephaly.
Researchers have solved a century-old question regarding the nature of turbulence's onset, finding it to be a directed percolation phase transition. This behavior is similar to that seen in epidemic spreading in populations, where fluctuations are characterized by critical exponents.
Researchers found that damage to cartilage's collagen network and increased fluid flow are early indicators of osteoarthritis. The study suggests that understanding these structural changes could lead to earlier detection and better treatment of the disease.
Researchers at MIT used high-speed imaging to capture the intricate process of sneezing, revealing a paint-like pattern of fluid fragmentation. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding disease transmission and identifying super-spreaders.
Scientists Matthew Tarling and Christina Rowe used dry lentils to explore the formation of 'scaly fabrics' found at the base of landslides, faults, and glacier beds. The lentils exhibited a tendency to shift constantly against each other when shearing, prohibiting long-lasting fault development.
A research team from the University of Tsukuba found that the S-stroke is more efficient for middle and long distance swimming due to its ability to generate propulsive power with less physical exertion. In contrast, the I-stroke is better suited for short distances where speed over efficiency is prioritized.
Researchers found that bacterial growth and biofilm formation depend on fluid flow and space shape. Fluid flow can interfere with quorum sensing, affecting disease-causing bacteria behavior.
Researchers at the University of Washington have created a method to accelerate biological assays, which typically take hours or days to complete. By employing cyclic solution draining and replenishing, they were able to reduce reaction times to just seven minutes in one case, using antibodies and nanoparticles to detect specific cellu...
Researchers at MIT's Microsystems Technologies Laboratories show promise in building microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) using affordable and high-quality desktop fabrication devices. This allows for production of useful MEMS at significantly lower costs without compromising quality, enabling new markets and applications.
A proposed technique developed by a Penn State-led research team enhances oil recovery rates by up to 78-90% and sequesters more carbon dioxide. The model uses horizontal drilling and supercritical carbon dioxide to extract light components from the oil.
Dogs drink by accelerating their tongues to create a water column, whereas cats use steady inertia. Researchers used photography and laboratory simulations to study dog lapping, finding that dogs' sloppy-looking actions are high-speed movements optimizing fluid acquisition.
A new study found that microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea, might be responsible for some of the natural gas harvested by hydraulic fracturing operations. The microbes are thought to be introduced into the shale through the fracturing fluid, which can create a new ecosystem that enhances methane production.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are exploring ways to improve footwear design and replacement policies to reduce slips and falls. By simulating wear using a robotic slip-tester and measuring shoe tread hydroplaning, they aim to identify specific limits to wear and determine critical factors that impact how quickly shoes wear.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have developed microscopic swimming devices that can be guided by physical structures and used for drug delivery or medical diagnosis. The devices use a catalytic coating to move automatically on a pre-determined route, opening up possibilities for targeted treatments and disease diagnosis.
French physicists develop a novel understanding of foam flow in a wedge-shaped channel, identifying connections between plastic events and deformation rates. This study has implications for further research on liquid foam properties and their impact on mechanical energy absorption.
New research from the University of Texas at Austin suggests that rock salt used to store nuclear waste may not be as impermeable as previously thought. Deformation of the salt can create connected pore networks that allow fluids to flow, making it a more significant concern for storage sites.
Researchers discovered that E. coli bacteria move faster and farther in viscoelastic fluids, such as saliva and mucus, than in water. This is because the increase in viscosity allows bacteria to maintain their rotational motion, enabling them to travel longer distances.
Researchers developed a theory explaining the lifetime of turbulent flows by drawing an analogy with ecosystems near extinction. Computer simulations showed that turbulence excites and inhibits large-scale zonal flow, leading to oscillations in its intensity.
New research proposes using numerical modeling to evaluate fracking's seismic effects prior to drilling. This process aims to prevent unwanted ground shaking caused by movement of large faults, particularly in tight rock masses and near fault zones.
Researchers found that ambulances deployed at temporary locations during peak traffic hours had a 2-minute shorter response time and lower mortality rates compared to permanent stations. The study, conducted in Shiraz, Iran, and replicated in Sweden, suggests that risk analysis and statistics-based deployment can improve emergency care.
Researchers have discovered that diamonds can form in a simpler natural chemical reaction involving water and rock. This finding could lead to a better understanding of the Earth's deep formation processes.
Researchers reveal that jellyfish and lampreys suck water towards themselves to move forward, contrary to previous assumptions. By studying the motion of these ancient creatures, scientists gain insights into fluid dynamics, potentially improving human-made technologies such as submarines and ships.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified a way to test RNA and specific genetic signatures in amniotic fluid to determine fetal lung maturity. This test could help doctors decide when it is safe to deliver premature babies, allowing for better preparation and care for neonatal morbidities.
The study found that the glacial ice covering New England's highest peaks was unable to erode the rock below, preserving the landscape in a fossil state. The contrast between stable summit landscapes and adjacent valleys deeply eroded by glacial ice contributed to the development of northern Appalachian topography.
Researchers have identified a cellular signal in amniotic fluid that builds up when a pregnant woman is about to go into labor. The study found that telomere fragments in the fluid increase with fetal maturity and can trigger inflammation, signaling fetal readiness for delivery.
Turbulence plays a crucial role in nature and technology, influencing pollutant spread and fuel efficiency. A new study reveals how fully turbulent flows arise in pipe and square duct flows, with potential benefits for oil pipelines and combustion motors.
Researchers found that rectangular pipe flows distribute pollutants asymmetrically, whereas circular or elliptical flows spread evenly. The study's results have implications for drug delivery and managing pollutants spilled in waterways.
A new project at the University of Michigan aims to educate patients and healthcare professionals on how to make dialysis sessions safer, reducing instability and its associated risks. The study will use a combination of peer mentoring and provider education to support behavior change.
Insects like stick insects can walk up vertical surfaces using adhesive pads on their feet, but scientists long believed that wet and dry feet required different mechanisms to adhere. New research reveals that the fluid on their feet plays a crucial role in controlling adhesion, with potential applications in modern devices.
Researchers found a link between metalworking fluid exposure and lymphocytic bronchiolitis, a condition causing immune cell overgrowth in the lungs, leading to irreversible damage. The study suggests that workers with higher exposure levels reported more symptoms despite similar lung function.
New study on Karoo Basin finds no support for climate aridification, floral collapse, and tetrapod turnover as part of the extinction event. Multidisciplinary data indicate that terrestrial response occurred earlier than previously thought.
Researchers at Harvard's John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have created a new multimaterial printhead that enables the simultaneous control of composition and geometry during printing, paving the way for entirely 3D-printed wearable devices, soft robots, and electronics.
The Rutgers breakthrough device reduces the cost of sophisticated lab tests for diseases like HIV, Lyme disease, and syphilis by using miniaturized channels and valves. The technology also enables complex analyses using 90% less sample fluid than conventional tests, opening doors for new research.
New NASA research implies that oceans beneath the crusts of tidally stressed moons may be more common and last longer than expected. Fluid tides in a subterranean magma ocean on Io could produce surface heat patterns observed on the moon.
A new study found that people with type 2 diabetes have double the risk of developing dementia and exhibit higher levels of tau protein in the spinal fluid. Diabetes was also associated with reduced cortical thickness, suggesting a potential link to brain cell death.
Using ultrathin sheets, researchers have discovered a new regime of wrapped shapes that can efficiently contain toxic or corrosive liquids. The technique, which uses capillary action to wrap droplets in film, enables the creation of non-spherical shapes with minimal material waste.
Scientists have created a sustainable and safe igniting fluid from waste paper, offering a potential solution for reducing harmful emissions from charcoal grills. The new compound, gamma-valerolactone (GVL), can safely start charcoal fires and light glass lamps without producing smoke or odors.
A study published in Resuscitation found that paramedic care delivered on-scene for 10-35 minutes is associated with improved survival rates in pediatric patients. The optimal time range for this benefit was found to be between 10 and 35 minutes, with longer times not resulting in better outcomes.
Researchers discovered single-cell organisms can somersault and bend their bodies to navigate confined spaces, exhibiting unique behaviors such as meandering wanderings and ballistic swimming traits. This finding has significant implications for the study of microfluidics and its applications in various engineering and scientific fields.
Researchers found that the early flow of lymph fluid triggers maturation in developing lymphatic vessels. In mice without lymph flow, valves failed to form and remodeling phase was disrupted, leading to improper development of smooth muscle cells.
Researchers found that repeated exposure to stimuli can lead to recurring mast cell degranulation and long-term pathological eye changes. Inhibiting this release with substances like disodium cromoglycate may offer new ways to treat serous retinal detachment.
Scientists have discovered opalescent pools in the Santorini volcano's crater containing high concentrations of carbon dioxide. The pools' unique properties may hold answers to questions about deepsea carbon storage and provide a means of monitoring the volcano for future eruptions.
Researchers created a scoring system, called the Healthy Beverage Index, to evaluate beverage intake patterns and their impact on health conditions like obesity and diabetes. The index scores are correlated with better cholesterol levels, lowered risk of hypertension, and lower blood pressure in men.
A new scoring method, the Healthy Beverage Index (HBI), evaluates overall beverage intake quality and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors. Higher HBI scores are linked to more favorable lipid profiles, decreased hypertension risk, and improved C-reactive protein levels.
Scientists have discovered that nanoscale forces are responsible for stopping a puddle from spreading, resolving a paradox in fluid flow. This finding has significant implications for various processes, including lubrication of gears and sequestration of carbon dioxide emissions.
A new mathematical formulation of cosmic viscosity bridges the gap between thermodynamics and Einstein's general theory of relativity, favoring the 'Big Rip' scenario. The model also sheds light on dark energy, suggesting it may account for the universe's accelerating expansion.
New research from the University of Adelaide suggests that a major mud volcano disaster in Indonesia was triggered by a drilling accident rather than an earthquake. The study used physical data collected before and after the disaster to disprove existing earthquake-triggering models.
A new study by UC Santa Cruz scientists reveals the 'hydrothermal siphon' drives global ocean water circulation through the seafloor. The process is sustained by fluid flow and heat transfer through thousands of extinct underwater volcanoes, with smaller seamounts favored as sites of discharge.
A new system developed by Joanna Aizenberg's lab uses phase separation to create dynamic designer polymers with self-relubrication and regulated anti-fouling behavior. The system can adapt to its surroundings and respond to fluid consumption, enabling responsive and long-lasting material applications.
Researchers discovered that cavitation bubbles can pull in nearby particles like black holes, potentially leading to new cleaning methods. The effect depends on particle size and distance from the bubble, with smaller particles moving faster towards the collapsing bubble.
A study by CU-Boulder and USGS found a strong correlation between high-rate injection wells and earthquakes, especially since 2009. High-rate wells pumping over 300,000 barrels of wastewater per month were most likely to trigger earthquakes.
A new study finds that wastewater injection rate is the strongest trigger for induced quakes, with high-rate wells nearly twice as likely to cause earthquakes. The research analyzed public data on operational wells across the US and discovered a strong correlation between injection rate and induced seismicity.
Researchers found a network of lymphatic vessels in the meningeal linings of the brain, directly connected to systemic lymphatic networks. This discovery raises new questions about fundamental brain functions and mechanisms of brain diseases.