Articles tagged with Fluids
A new study by UC Santa Cruz scientists reveals the 'hydrothermal siphon' drives global ocean water circulation through the seafloor. The process is sustained by fluid flow and heat transfer through thousands of extinct underwater volcanoes, with smaller seamounts favored as sites of discharge.
Researchers discovered that cavitation bubbles can pull in nearby particles like black holes, potentially leading to new cleaning methods. The effect depends on particle size and distance from the bubble, with smaller particles moving faster towards the collapsing bubble.
A new system developed by Joanna Aizenberg's lab uses phase separation to create dynamic designer polymers with self-relubrication and regulated anti-fouling behavior. The system can adapt to its surroundings and respond to fluid consumption, enabling responsive and long-lasting material applications.
A study by CU-Boulder and USGS found a strong correlation between high-rate injection wells and earthquakes, especially since 2009. High-rate wells pumping over 300,000 barrels of wastewater per month were most likely to trigger earthquakes.
A new study finds that wastewater injection rate is the strongest trigger for induced quakes, with high-rate wells nearly twice as likely to cause earthquakes. The research analyzed public data on operational wells across the US and discovered a strong correlation between injection rate and induced seismicity.
Researchers found a network of lymphatic vessels in the meningeal linings of the brain, directly connected to systemic lymphatic networks. This discovery raises new questions about fundamental brain functions and mechanisms of brain diseases.
Researchers discovered that injecting water into an inactive fault can cause aseismic slip, which may lead to micro-earthquakes. This study offers insights into the role of friction in fluid-filled faults and could guide monitoring at injection sites.
Scientists at the National Oceanography Centre have discovered a new fundamental rock property that allows electricity to flow more easily through sedimentary rocks in the vertical direction. This finding will improve the interpretation of geological fluid flow from geophysical surveys.
Researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution discovered that methane formation occurs independently of venting process and is produced on geological time scales deep beneath seafloor. Abiotic compound formate is formed during vent circulation process, providing evidence for purely chemical processes in origin of life.
Physicists from Lomonosov Moscow State University develop theory for creating artificial turbulence in microchannels using superhydrophobic surfaces. The approach enables efficient mixing and separation of liquids, promising applications in chemistry and biomedical research.
Brown University researchers use numerical models to study the dynamics of active colloids, finding that fluid flows play a crucial role in shaping emergent macro-scale patterns. At high concentrations, particles segregate into lanes and form swirling vortices before jamming into crystals.
Researchers discovered a large field of deep-sea hydrothermal vents, the Pescadero Basin vents, which are the deepest high-temperature vents ever observed in the Pacific. The vents emit superheated fluids rich in hydrocarbons and support unique animal communities.
A study found that perioperative hypothermia affects patient experience and post-operative outcomes. The study revealed that most heat loss occurs from induction to recovery and that warming measures are often not applied enough.
A new study critiques the geological and geophysical evidence supporting competing models for the origin of the Albian Gap, a feature along the Brazilian continental margin. The researchers suggest that much of this evidence is not diagnostic of either model, highlighting the need for a revised understanding of the structure's origin.
Experimental data from zero-gravity experiments on the International Space Station provides insights into thermodiffusion effects in ternary liquid mixtures. The results, published in the European Physical Journal E, offer a benchmark for future theoretical and numerical models.
A recent study by Kristin Morell and colleagues reveals the Himalayan Front's central seismic gap is overdue for a major earthquake. The researchers used geomorphic and erosion rate data to define the active detachment fault likely to host a large earthquake, pinpointing a distinctive physiographic transition in Uttarakhand, India.
Researchers used mathematical equations to study how flowing fluid hinders bacterial movement in search of food. The findings suggest that slender bacteria get trapped in high shear regions, affecting their ability to find food but potentially aiding surface colonization.
A new simplified model predicts patterns that form from honey-like fluids, influenced by the ratio between fluid speed on impact and conveyor belt speed. The team's findings match previous experimental results and may be used to optimize manufacturing processes for nonwoven materials.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield have developed a special gel that delays the release of medication, ideal for administering to young children and the elderly. The gel-based medication consists of microscopic particles that solidify in the stomach, releasing the drug in the intestine over several hours.
A SMU-led seismology team reveals that high volumes of wastewater injection combined with saltwater extraction from natural gas wells is the most likely cause of earthquakes occurring near Azle, Texas. The study used a sophisticated 3D model to assess fluid pressure changes in the affected area.
A recent study found that some e-cigarette flavors contain high levels of chemicals that exceed recommended exposure limits and could be respiratory irritants. The research analyzed 30 products and found that 13 contained flavoring chemicals totaling more than 1% by volume, with some levels reaching as high as 3% by weight.
A new, non-toxic liquid can create tiny cracks in deep underground rocks to improve power production, reducing water use by half. This environmentally friendly polymer-based fluid also reduces costs and could make unconventional oil and gas recovery more sustainable.
Rice University and Texas Children's Hospital scientists successfully used amniotic stem cells to promote blood vessel growth in hydrogels, enhancing tissue repair for infants with birth defects. The study paves the way for biocompatible patches for congenital heart defects.
Researchers uncover organic compounds in fracking fluid, including biocides and surfactants, which can contaminate groundwater. The study provides a basis for water testing and future regulation, addressing the public awareness of fracking's environmental impact.
Scientists are studying Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to understand the behavior of living fluids, which could lead to new treatments for lung diseases like cystic fibrosis. The research team discovered that the algae changes its swim pattern dramatically in elastic fluids, which possess both liquid and solid-like properties.
A study by the American Psychological Association found that older executives have higher crystallized intelligence, but lower fluid intelligence, which involves reasoning and problem-solving abilities. The researchers suggest that employers should be cautious when using tests of inductive reasoning to avoid age discrimination.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed a new family of time-resolved numerical simulation methods that significantly increase the speed of complex fluid and plasma simulations. The breakthrough reduces memory usage, allowing for larger simulations to be considered.
A team of researchers, including Dr. John Pasley, discovered that plasma flowing around stars could create a series of pressure pulses generating sound waves. The frequency was too high for any mammal to hear, making it impossible for humans to detect.
A Harvard scientist has developed a new microfluidic design that can detect and extract biomolecules from fluid mixtures more efficiently than current techniques. The approach uses microscopic fins embedded in a hydrogel that responds to different stimuli, allowing for the selective separation of target biomolecules.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich develop methodology to speed up simulations of complex fluids, enabling more realistic medical diagnoses and spectacular effects in computer games. The approach leverages real-world observations to calculate fluid behavior, promising to accelerate calculations and improve various applications.
Researchers use a cylindrical rotating system to study turbulent convection, disproving the idea that transitions from one state of turbulence to another are smooth. Their findings suggest that symmetry changes must be sharp, contradicting Lev Landau's theory.
Stanford researchers found that droplets of two-component fluid can sense each other and move like living cells due to balance between surface energy and evaporation. The dynamic interactions enable these inanimate droplets to mimic some behaviors of living cells.
Researchers calculate tortuosity in Sierpinski carpet models using finite volume method, revealing a linear relationship between generations and tortuosity. This study enhances understanding of transport properties in porous media, crucial for various fields like oil recovery and groundwater engineering.
The draft U-M report examines seven chapters of policy options for hydraulic fracturing in Michigan, including public participation, water resources, and chemical use. The report presents information on likely strengths and outcomes to support informed decision-making.
Researchers document fault rocks surrounding New Zealand's active Alpine Fault, recording slip rates and influencing earthquake processes. The study provides insights into the complex fault rock sequence resulting from past earthquakes, with potential applications for realistic ground shaking predictions.
Researchers have created a pump that moves fluid using vibration instead of a rotor, potentially capturing wasted mechanical energy and reducing noise in industrial situations. The design mimics the movement of birds' flapping wings, which manipulate airflow to move themselves.
Researchers analyzed the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption to understand the dynamics of gravitational instabilities and particle aggregation. They found that these phenomena can significantly reduce fine-ash lifetime in the atmosphere, highlighting their importance in improving ash dispersal forecasting.
A Yale-led study found that 11% of hospitalized heart failure patients received intravenous fluids in addition to diuretics. Patients given both therapies were more likely to suffer adverse consequences, such as higher rates of critical care admission and even death.
A new preservation system that uses machine perfusion keeps livers healthier for up to nine hours before transplantation, leading to better liver function and increased survival rates. The system has shown promising results in animal studies, with 100% of pigs surviving after receiving perfused livers.
Scientists at OIST created models to investigate mixtures of self-motile and passive agents, finding that only a low fraction of self-motile agents are needed to achieve desired flow patterns. This research has promising applications in microfluidic processes such as water purification and self-powered drug delivery systems.
Researchers found a higher blood volume shift from the lower to upper body due to weightlessness, with lower blood pressure than anticipated. Blood pressure decreased by 10 mmHg, similar to high blood pressure medication, during long-duration spaceflight.
Sepsis can be a complication of almost any type of infection, including influenza. Mayo Clinic expert Dr. Steve Peters explains the difference between severe sepsis and septic shock, symptoms to watch for, and treatment options.
A novel molecular mechanism has been uncovered that tightens the bonds between cells lining blood vessels in mice, potentially preventing fluid leakage and improving survival rates. The discovery could lead to the development of new therapies targeting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a fatal condition in approximately half ...
A study found that periods of extreme heat in the US were associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for older adults due to fluid and electrolyte disorders, kidney failure, and other heat-related illnesses. The risk was highest on the day of the heat wave and remained elevated for up to five days after.
Researchers found that older adults' acquired financial knowledge and experience can compensate for declining fluid intelligence, leading to more efficient financial decision-making. The study used credit scores and cognitive tests to demonstrate the importance of crystallized intelligence in finance.
Researchers found that GLP-1, a diabetes medication, reduces drinking behavior and increases water intake in rats. This study raises awareness for diabetics who are already at risk for dehydration.
The Ebola epidemic in West Africa lacks standardized treatment guidelines, with conflicting reports on mortality rates and treatments. Experts propose a range of measures, including the development of guidelines and international cooperation to ensure quality control and transparency.
Researchers from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences developed a theory describing the phenomenon of mysterious communication between fluid reservoirs. The new model suggests that the effect can occur in classical one-component fluids and mixtures, not requiring quantum physics.
Researchers at Lund University discover that proteins in the lens of the eye convert from a fluid to a glassy state, leading to reduced mobility and potential cataract formation. This transition may be responsible for age-related long-sightedness.
A Johns Hopkins University-led team has discovered a rich variety of organic carbon species in deep fluids, suggesting they could spark the formation of diamonds and potentially become food for microbial life. These findings, published in Nature Geoscience, provide new insights into the Earth's mantle and its role in the origin of life.
Researchers analyzed fracking fluid samples from five states and found that surfactant chemicals were commonly found in everyday products, including toothpaste and laxatives. The study's results suggest that the toxicity of these chemicals may not be as high as previously thought.
Researchers discovered a counterintuitive effect where structural disorder counters thermal disorder in certain systems, leading to lower overall disorder. The study focused on charged fluids and found that disordered charges interact strongly with mobile ions to oppose the effects of thermal disorder.
The American College of Physicians recommends increasing daily fluid intake to at least two liters to reduce kidney stone recurrence. Additionally, medication with a thiazide diuretic, citrate, or allopurinol can effectively reduce stone recurrence in patients with calcium stones.
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema is a potentially life-threatening condition affecting highly fit individuals who engage in strenuous or competitive swims, particularly in cold water. The unique combination of factors can lead to an accumulation of fluid in the lungs, resulting in fatal consequences if not addressed.
Scientists developed new geochemical tracers to detect hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids in the environment. The tracers can track the presence of frac fluids and distinguish them from wastewater coming from other sources.
Scientists have developed geochemical tracers that can identify hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids in the environment. The tracers were tested at a spill site in West Virginia and a brine wastewater treatment plant in Pennsylvania, allowing for the detection of frac fluid contamination and potential risks to water supplies.
A new agent has been developed to treat overdoses using peritoneal dialysis, which can extract up to a hundred times more toxins from the body than conventional alternatives. This method is especially effective for treating serious liver disease, including cases involving ammonia accumulation in the blood.
Researchers at UT Arlington demonstrate direct fluid flow influences neuron growth, challenging the long-held idea that chemical cues are primarily responsible for axonal pathfinding. The study found that 35% of growth cones responded to microfluidic flow from a microtube, turning towards the direction of the flow.
Researchers from Brown University have introduced a new element of uncertainty into Burgers' equation to describe turbulence and shocks in fluid flows. This formulation aims to make mathematical models more realistic by accounting for external influences such as terrain, which was previously ignored in standard equations.
University of Chicago physicists explain a mysterious effect found in superfluids, revealing it was due to whirlpool-like structures rather than exotic solitons. The result challenged accepted theories and sparked a scientific debate.